Number of results to display per page
Search Results
22. The European Central Bank in the COVID-19 crisis: whatever it takes, within its mandate
- Author:
- Gregory Claeys
- Publication Date:
- 05-2020
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Bruegel
- Abstract:
- To keep the euro-area economy afloat, the European Central Bank has put in place a large number of measures since the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis. This response has triggered fears of a future increase in inflation. However, the ECB's new measures and the resulting increase in the size of its balance sheet, even if it were to be permanent, should not restrict its ability to achieve its price-stability mandate, within its legal obligations.
- Topic:
- Governance, Central Bank, Macroeconomics, Judiciary, and COVID-19
- Political Geography:
- Europe
23. How good is the European Commission’s Just Transition Fund proposal?
- Author:
- Alienor Cameron, Gregory Claeys, Catarina Midoes, and Simone Tagliapietra
- Publication Date:
- 02-2020
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Bruegel
- Abstract:
- On 14 January 2020, the European Commission published its proposal for a Just Transition Mechanism, intended to provide support to territories facing serious socioeconomic challenges related to the transition towards climate neutrality. This brief provides an overview and a critical assessment of the first pillar of this Mechanism, the Just Transition Fund (JTF).
- Topic:
- Climate Change, Governance, Budget, European Union, Macroeconomics, Renewable Energy, and Transition
- Political Geography:
- Europe
24. FDI another day: Russian reliance on European investment
- Author:
- Marta Dominguez-Jimenez and Niclas Poitiers
- Publication Date:
- 02-2020
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Bruegel
- Abstract:
- Most foreign direct investment into Russia originates in the European Union: European investors own between 55 percent and 75 percent of Russian FDI stock. This points to a Russian dependence on European investment, making the EU paramount for Russian medium-term growth. Even if we consider ‘phantom’ FDI that transits through Europe, the EU remains the primary investor in Russia. Most phantom FDI into Russia is believed to originate from Russia itself and thus is by construction not foreign.
- Topic:
- Economics, Energy Policy, Foreign Direct Investment, Governance, Sanctions, European Union, and Global Political Economy
- Political Geography:
- Russia and Europe
25. From climate change to cyber attacks: Incipient financial-stability risks for the euro area
- Author:
- Zsolt Darvas, Marta Dominguez-Jimenez, and Guntram B. Wolff
- Publication Date:
- 02-2020
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Bruegel
- Abstract:
- The European Central Bank’s November 2019 Financial Stability Review highlighted the risks to growth in an environment of global uncertainty. On the whole, the ECB report is comprehensive and covers the main risks to euro-area financial stability, we highlight issues that deserve more attention.
- Topic:
- Governance, Finance, Central Bank, and Macroeconomics
- Political Geography:
- Europe
26. A post-Brexit agreement for research and innovation
- Author:
- Michael Leigh, Beth Thompson, and Reinhilde Veugelers
- Publication Date:
- 01-2020
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Bruegel
- Abstract:
- This report sets out what the Wellcome Trust and Bruegel have learned from a project to simulate a negotiation process between the UK and EU to create a post-Brexit research and innovation agreement. Our negotiating scenario assumed that the UK had left the EU with a withdrawal agreement, and that the negotiation was taking place during a ‘standstill’ transition period.
- Topic:
- Treaties and Agreements, Governance, European Union, Research, Brexit, Macroeconomics, Innovation, and Transition
- Political Geography:
- United Kingdom and Europe
27. Market versus policy Europeanisation: has an imbalance grown over time?
- Author:
- Leonardo Cadamuro and Francesco Papadia
- Publication Date:
- 01-2020
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Bruegel
- Abstract:
- This Policy Contribution tests the hypothesis that an imbalance has grown in Europe over the last few decades because markets have integrated to a greater extent than European-level policymaking, potentially creating difficulties for the democratic process in managing the economy. This hypothesis has been put forward by several authors but not so far tested empirically.
- Topic:
- Markets, Governance, Democracy, Regional Integration, Macroeconomics, and Trade Policy
- Political Geography:
- Europe
28. China’s Response to Climate Change: A Study in Contrasts and a Policy at a Crossroads
- Author:
- David B. Sandalow
- Publication Date:
- 06-2020
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Asia Society Policy Institute
- Abstract:
- China is the world’s leading emitter of heat-trapping gases, by far. In 2019, Chinese emissions were greater than emissions from the United States, the European Union, and Japan combined. There is no solution to climate change without China. China’s response to climate change is a study in contrasts. China leads the world in solar power, wind power, and electric vehicle deployment, but also in coal consumption. The Chinese government has adopted some of the world’s most ambitious energy efficiency and forest conservation policies, but is financing a significant expansion of coal-fired power plant capacity at home and abroad. China’s leaders are strongly committed to the Paris Agreement, but appear to attach less priority to climate change than in years past. This Asia Society Policy Institute issue paper, China’s Response to Climate Change: A Study in Contrasts and a Policy at a Crossroads, written by former senior policymaker and current Columbia University fellow David Sandalow, explores these contrasts. It does so at an important time in Chinese climate change policy. During the next 18 months, the Chinese government will spend heavily on economic stimulus measures, release its 14th Five-Year Plan (for 2021–2025), and develop short- and long-term climate action plans (known as its “updated nationally-determined contributions” and “mid-century strategy” in the terminology of the global U.N. climate process). Decisions by the Chinese government will reverberate globally, including in the United States. A potential Biden administration’s ambition in addressing climate change would be reinforced by ambition in China. This issue paper also provides an up-to-date snapshot of China’s climate policies, drawing on data from 2019 and the beginning of 2020 (during the height of the COVID-19 economic lockdown), as well as recent remarks by Chinese leaders. It starts by examining Chinese emissions of heat-trapping gases. It then discusses China’s principal climate policies, explaining the main tools the Chinese government uses to address climate change and related topics. The issue paper concludes with a discussion of processes that will shape Chinese climate change policy in the years ahead. This paper is the second in a series of policy products that the Asia Society Policy Institute will publish as part of a project exploring the possibilities around U.S.-China climate cooperation.
- Topic:
- Climate Change, Energy Policy, Governance, Renewable Energy, and Carbon Emissions
- Political Geography:
- China, Asia, and United States of America
29. Downstream oil theft: Countermeasures and good practices
- Author:
- David Soud, Ian M. Ralby, and Rohini Ralby
- Publication Date:
- 05-2020
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- Downstream oil theft has become a global problem. Since most of the world’s energy systems still rely on oil, fuel smugglers are nearly always able to find markets for their goods. Moreover, since oil is not inherently illegal, it is generally an easy product to move, buy, and sell. Profits from oil theft are frequently used to fund terrorism and other illegal activities. The new Atlantic Council Global Energy Report by Dr. David Soud, Downstream Oil Theft: Countermeasures and Good Practices, provides an in-depth look at how governments—from militaries to law enforcement officials—along with other stakeholders can anticipate and intercept instances of downstream oil theft. The report offers a range of methods to counter oil theft, which range from fuel marking and other technologies to transnational
- Topic:
- Security, Crime, Energy Policy, Environment, Governance, Law Enforcement, and Geopolitics
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
30. Sustainable aviation fuel policy in the United States: A pragmatic way forward
- Author:
- Fred Ghatala
- Publication Date:
- 04-2020
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- The aviation sector has been working to decarbonize, but it faces unique challenges since decarbonization options that may work for ground or maritime transport are generally not feasible for air travel. Sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) present an opportunity to decarbonize the aviation sector, but federal policies that address SAF have largely included SAF as an add-on to existing policies that are meant primarily to address ground transportation. However, due to the unique challenges presented to decarbonization by the aviation sector, the use of SAF should be incentivized through pragmatic, sector-specific federal policies. The new Atlantic Council report by Fred Ghatala, Sustainable Aviation Fuel Policy in the United States: A Pragmatic Way Forward, provides a set of near and long-term federal policy options that could be implemented in order to encourage the use of SAF. The report contextualizes each policy choice and explains the implications of each option, differentiating between policies that can be implemented in the near-term and policies that require long-term implementation.
- Topic:
- Environment, Governance, Renewable Energy, and Fossil Fuels
- Political Geography:
- North America and United States of America