Number of results to display per page
Search Results
12. Brazil: the Re-signification of Violence as a Result of Criminal Organizations Advance / Brasil: la re-significación de la violencia como resultado del avance de organizaciones criminales
- Author:
- Carolina Sampó
- Publication Date:
- 06-2018
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Journal on International Security Studies (RESI)
- Institution:
- International Security Studies Group (GESI) at the University of Granada
- Abstract:
- Although Brazil has always been considered one of the most violent countries in the region, in the last years, violence has grown exponentially and has also become more complex. The present paper seeks to show how the increase of violence, especially in the North and Northeast of Brazil, is related to the dispute between different criminal organizations, by the illicit drug market since the end of the non-aggression agreement that the Primeiro Comando da Capital and the Comando Vermelho had. From a qualitative approach, combining documentary analysis of primary and secondary sources, with interviews with experts, our work tries to answer the following questions: What is the current situation of violence in Brazil and how has it been re-signified? After that, we will relate that mutation to the complex variety of criminal organizations that operate in its territory; and, finally, we will answer how these organizations relate to each other. The result of this work will enable the development of multiple lines of research, especially related to the confrontation between criminal organizations and the illicit drug market in Brazil.
- Topic:
- Narcotics Trafficking, Violence, and Organized Crime
- Political Geography:
- Brazil and South America
13. Journal of Public and International Affairs 2017
- Author:
- Bethany Atkins, Trevor Pierce, Valentina Baiamonte, Chiara Redaelli, Hal Brewster, Vivian Chang, Lindsay Holcomb, Sarah Lohschelder, Nicolas Pose, Stephen Reimer, Namitha Sadanand, and Eustace Uzor
- Publication Date:
- 05-2017
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Woodrow Wilson School Journal of Public and International Affairs
- Institution:
- Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University
- Abstract:
- From the United States to the Switzerland, this year’s Journal draws on a diverse range of authors’ experiences and studies to analyze a varied—yet timely—set of current issues. By spotlighting topics such as climate change, voting rights, and gender issues, JPIA contributes to the debates that are occurring today. The strong use of quantitative analysis and in-depth study of resources ensures that this year’s Journal adds a select perspective to the debate that hopefully policymakers will find useful and actionable.
- Topic:
- Security, Climate Change, Development, Narcotics Trafficking, Law, Prisons/Penal Systems, Elections, Women, Brexit, Multilateralism, Private Sector, Carbon Tax, Carbon Emissions, and Gerrymandering
- Political Geography:
- Britain, Afghanistan, Africa, China, South Asia, Central Asia, Asia, and Nigeria
14. Blurred Lines: Mexican Cartels and the Narco-Terrorism Debate
- Author:
- Alexander Salt
- Publication Date:
- 09-2017
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Journal of Military and Strategic Studies
- Institution:
- Centre for Military, Security and Strategic Studies
- Abstract:
- Since 2006, well over 70 000 lives have been claimed by Cartel and narcotics related violence in Mexico. The sheer scale of this conflict has attracted considerable scholarly attention, particularly that which seeks to classify what type of violence this is, be it terrorism, insurgency or something else altogether. This paper addresses this issue by asking: Can Mexican Cartels be considered terrorist organizations? The paper explores the evolution of the Cartels in Mexico from 2006-present, analyzing their motivations, tactics and operations, organizational structures, and targets of violence. The paper concludes that Cartels should not be defined as terrorists as they lack political motives for their use of violence. However, Cartels can be said to have a dual nature; sometimes they act like terrorists in terms of their operational and tactical level behavior, and the rest of the time they act as illicit businessmen.
- Topic:
- War on Drugs, Narcotics Trafficking, Violence, and Drugs
- Political Geography:
- United States, Canada, North America, and Mexico
15. Afghan Narcotrafficking: A Joint Policy Assessment
- Author:
- Tony Bricktua
- Publication Date:
- 08-2017
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- EastWest Institute
- Abstract:
- The EastWest Institute (EWI) has released Afghan Narcotrafficking: A Joint Policy Assessment, the sixth and final report from the institute’s Joint U.S.-Russia Working Group on Afghan Narcotrafficking, which provides a comprehensive and updated assessment of the Afghan drug trade and the role that both the United States and Russia might be able to play in countering this shared threat.
- Topic:
- International Affairs and Narcotics Trafficking
- Political Geography:
- Afghanistan
16. Afghan Narcotrafficking: Illicit Financial Flows
- Author:
- Tony Bricktua
- Publication Date:
- 06-2017
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- EastWest Institute
- Abstract:
- The EastWest Institute (EWI) today announced the launch of its latest report, Afghan Narcotrafficking: Illicit Financial Flows. The fifth in a six-part series, this report has been developed to assist policymakers and scholars to better comprehend the nature of illicit flows of goods and services from and into Afghanistan and their relation to drug smuggling. The report provides a comprehensive review and analysis of the opiate trafficking economy as well as recommendations and strategies to counter, control and reduce the supply-side of opiate narcotics around the world.
- Topic:
- International Political Economy and Narcotics Trafficking
- Political Geography:
- Afghanistan
17. Democratization and Other Civil War Legacies in Central America
- Author:
- Fabrice Lehoucq
- Publication Date:
- 02-2015
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Kellogg Institute for International Studies
- Abstract:
- This paper analyzes the impact of civil war on regime change. It focuses on Central America, a region where several countries underwent transitions to democracy in the wake of civil war during the second half of the twentieth century. It argues that armed conflict, not increasing levels of economic development, led to political change. Violence liquidated stubbornly resilient autocracies in El Salvador and Nicaragua, catalyzed the democratization of Costa Rican politics, and was the backdrop to regime liberalization in Guatemala. Postwar negotiations, at a time when Cold War bipolarity was ending, led to the establishment of more open, civilian regimes on the isthmus. This paper also notes that the transition from autocracy was enormously costly in both lives and economic well-being, which helps to explain why political change has given birth to low-quality democracies or mixed regimes on the isthmus, ones that also have witnessed the explosion of criminal and drug-related violence.
- Topic:
- Civil War, Crime, Democratization, Development, Regime Change, and Narcotics Trafficking
- Political Geography:
- Latin America
18. His Excellency Juan Manuel Santos, President of the Republic of Colombia
- Author:
- Juan Manuel Santos
- Publication Date:
- 09-2015
- Content Type:
- Video
- Abstract:
- This World Leaders Forum program features an address by His Excellency Juan Manuel Santos, President of the Republic of Colombia, titled, Colombia on the Road to Peace: The Rise of a New Hope, followed by a panel discussion with Columbia University faculty and a question and answer session with the audience.
- Topic:
- Political Violence, Development, Peace Studies, and Narcotics Trafficking
- Political Geography:
- Latin America
19. The Colombian peacebuilding process: discussion at an international seminar
- Author:
- Augusto Varas
- Publication Date:
- 01-2015
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Norwegian Centre for Conflict Resolution
- Abstract:
- Peace talks between the Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia have created international expectations of an end to the longest internal armed conflict in Latin America. However, peace negotiations are facing crucial obstacles: agreements reached thus far are too general and need further detailed development; both parties are facing internal opposition; the social demand for transitional justice is widespread, but its implementation will be difficult; and, because of this, legitimising a peace agreement would require a protracted political effort, civic participation and a solid communication campaign explaining the terms of the agreement. The post-agreement phase would require the implementation of key public policies to close the rural-urban gap and cut the guerrilla-drug trafficking link; new and more efficient government agencies at the subnational level should be created to deliver public goods; military institutions should have greater civilian control and leadership to transform their role from internal security to that of national defence; and since the peace process has been gender blind, it will be crucial to increase women’s participation in the peacebuilding process. Arms decommissioning and arsenal destruction should have a blueprint, and social movements should oversee the enforcement of peace agreements and peacebuilding policies.
- Topic:
- Narcotics Trafficking, Peacekeeping, Conflict, and Drugs
- Political Geography:
- Colombia, South America, and Latin America
20. Why Puerto Rico's Economy Matters for U.S. Security
- Author:
- Jose J. Villamil
- Publication Date:
- 01-2014
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Center for Strategic and International Studies
- Abstract:
- Puerto Rico's economic situation circa 1950 was vastly different than today's. In the 1940s through the first half of the 60s, the island experienced a sustained boom, with annual growth rates on the order of 7 percent; the island was hailed as a model for developing countries. It instituted major reforms in government, economic and social programs, and the health sector. Puerto Rico, in coordination with the U.S. federal government, hosted thousands of observers from around the world who came to Puerto Rico to learn about its successful development model.
- Topic:
- Crime, Economics, Narcotics Trafficking, and Financial Crisis
- Political Geography:
- United States