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2. Increasing the Uptake of HIV Testing in Maternal Health in Malawi
- Author:
- Fabian Cataldo, Felix Limbani, and Monique van Lettow
- Publication Date:
- 07-2012
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Centre for International Governance Innovation
- Abstract:
- Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV is the primary means of HIV infection in children. The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) estimates that 20 percent of all children born in sub-Saharan Africa are exposed to HIV; among those children, 130,000 new HIV infections occurred in 2010 (UNAIDS, 2010).
- Topic:
- HIV/AIDS, Infectious Diseases, and Health Care Policy
- Political Geography:
- Africa
3. The International AIDS Conference Returns to the United States
- Author:
- Katherine E. Bliss
- Publication Date:
- 03-2012
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Center for Strategic and International Studies
- Abstract:
- In 1985, four years after the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published a notice in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report regarding unusual clusters of disease in young, otherwise healthy, gay men in California and New York, more than 2,000 scientists from around the world assembled at the World Congress Center in Atlanta to exchange research and compare notes on what had come to be known as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, or AIDS. There have been 18 international AIDS conferences since that initial gathering, in locales ranging from Amsterdam and Florence to Durban and Mexico City. These conferences, which have been organized since 1988 by the International AIDS Society, have evolved from modest- sized meetings of scientists and researchers to multitrack, week-long conventions attracting more than 20,000 delegates, including heads of state, celebrities, philanthropists, researchers, activists, and people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS.
- Topic:
- HIV/AIDS, Health, International Cooperation, and Infectious Diseases
- Political Geography:
- United States
4. The War on Drugs and HIV/AIDS: How the Criminalization of Drug Use Fuels the Global Pandemic
- Author:
- Global Commission On Drug Policy
- Publication Date:
- 06-2012
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Global Commission On Drug Policy
- Abstract:
- The global “war on drugs” is driving the HIV/AIDS pandemic among people who use drugs, although research has shown that repressive law enforcement forces users away from public health services and into hidden environments where HIV risk becomes markedly elevated. An assessments of the impacts concluded that many nations and international organizations tasked with reducing the drug problem have actually contributed to a worsening of community health and safety. The time for leadership is now.
- Topic:
- HIV/AIDS, Health, War on Drugs, and Drugs
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
5. Administrative Reform in International Organizations : The Case of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS
- Author:
- Olivier Nay
- Publication Date:
- 10-2009
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Center on International Cooperation
- Abstract:
- This paper focuses on the causal factors, implementation, and side effects of administrative reforms launched within the United Nations system, in the field of HIV and AIDS. It is based on an empirical analysis of the UNAIDS Programme, an interorganizational system bringing together ten UN agencies to combat the worldwide epidemic, with the support of a Secretariat. Firstly, the paper argues that the administrative reform of UNAIDS was unlikely to have come from the UN organizations themselves, although the Programme was expected to lead these organizations to better coordinate and harmonize their AIDS strategies. Secondly, it identifies three external factors that have led UN organizations to reform their governance mechanisms and procedures. Thirdly, it explores the conditions under which the reform of UNAIDS has been implemented since 2005, with particular attention to the Secretariat that has become involved as an active “reform entrepreneur.” Finally, it identifies some of the unexpected effects of the reform, with a particular emphasison competition between UN agencies, organizational complexity, and bureaucratization. The concluding remarks argue that when analyzing administrative reforms within international organizations, one should investigate the interrelations between the external pressures that drive reforms and the activity of reform entrepreneurs.
- Topic:
- HIV/AIDS, Health, Humanitarian Aid, United Nations, and Infectious Diseases
6. Interview with Thai Health Minister Mongkol Na Songkhla
- Author:
- Nermeen Shaikh
- Publication Date:
- 05-2007
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Asia Society
- Abstract:
- Mongkol Na Songkhla is the Minister of Public Health in Thailand. He has served in the Ministry of Public Health since his appointment on October 9, 2006. Dr. Mongkol Na Songkhla spoke with Asia Society's Nermeen Shaikh during a visit to New York where he joined a press conference with President Bill Clinton and the Clinton Foundation to announce a global pooled procurement of anti-retroviral drugs.
- Topic:
- HIV/AIDS, Government, and Health
- Political Geography:
- New York, Asia, and Thailand
7. HIV/AIDS: The looming Asia Pacific pandemic
- Author:
- Bill Bowtell
- Publication Date:
- 03-2007
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Lowy Institute for International Policy
- Abstract:
- The international effort to control the spread of the HIV pandemic is failing: new HIV caseloads are rising alarmingly in many parts of the Asia Pacific. For over 20 years we have known how to prevent the transmission of the HIV virus by persuading young people to make simple and sustainable changes in sexual practices and other risky behaviours. Yet despite the scientific evidence, many national governments are unable or unwilling to act in time to avert the problem.
- Topic:
- HIV/AIDS and Health
- Political Geography:
- Asia and Australia/Pacific