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471. Children and Weapons in Montenegro - A Review of Data and Research

Publication Date:
10-2006
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
South Eastern Europe Clearinghouse for the Control of Small Arms and Light Weapons
Abstract:
One of SEESAC's functional areas is Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) Awareness and Communication, which constitutes an integral part of all SALW Control interventions. This strategy involves the use of professionally developed core messages and dissemination strategies to impart knowledge to, shape the perceptions and change the behaviour of the civilian community towards SALW. Collecting quality data is a prerequisite for developing any SALW Awareness activities.
Topic:
Security, Arms Control and Proliferation, and Civil Society
Political Geography:
Europe

472. Review of Key Literature on Children, Youth and Small Arms

Publication Date:
10-2006
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
South Eastern Europe Clearinghouse for the Control of Small Arms and Light Weapons
Abstract:
Since SALW emerged as an issue in the international community in the late 1990s, there has been a wide range of articles, reports and research. For educators or children's rights staff, the picture is a very confusing one, as much of the language is very technical, and the literature relevant to children and youth has generally not been written within a coherent theoretical framework, such as child development, children's rights programming, child safety and protection and public health. There is also a vast literature in the USA on the gun issue, with advocates for and against gun control, and research in psychology and paediatrics on the effects of guns on children and young people. In addition, in the developed world, there is a large literature on youth and crime, some of which refers to the use of weapons.
Topic:
Security, Arms Control and Proliferation, Civil Society, and Education

473. SALW Parliamentary Handbook

Publication Date:
10-2006
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
South Eastern Europe Clearinghouse for the Control of Small Arms and Light Weapons
Abstract:
In most countries within South Eastern Europe a combination of past conflict and weak, but developing state institutions has resulted in varying degrees of control over the possession, use and trade in weapons in the first few years of the decade. Limited police performance, corruption and the growth of organised crime and trafficking networks, have effectively served to both justify illicit weapons possession in the minds of many, and also allowed for undesirable transfers and possession of illegal Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW). Problems with co-operation and exchange of information, either at the national level between the different relevant departments or agencies, or internationally between governments, have also been evident.
Topic:
Security, Arms Control and Proliferation, and Corruption
Political Geography:
Europe

474. Regional Parliamentary Seminar

Publication Date:
11-2006
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
South Eastern Europe Clearinghouse for the Control of Small Arms and Light Weapons
Abstract:
In most countries within South Eastern Europe a combination of past conflict and weak, but developing state institutions has resulted in varying degrees of control over the possession, use and trade in weapons in the first few years of the decade. The South Eastern and Eastern Europe Clearinghouse for the Control of SALW (SEESAC) has identified the need for the regional parliamentarians to receive information about the present SALW situation, risks, hazards and national commitments.
Topic:
Security, Arms Control and Proliferation, and Regional Cooperation

475. Armed Violence Report

Publication Date:
11-2006
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
South Eastern Europe Clearinghouse for the Control of Small Arms and Light Weapons
Abstract:
Armed violence data gathering systems in countries in South Eastern Europe (SEE) vary in quality and coverage of the population. No single country embodies best practices by itself. The lack of continuous monitoring means that data has sometimes been generated by research that attempts to recover information on armed violence retrospectively. Different methods for doing this offer differing degrees of reliability; analysis of media reports and SALW Perceptions Surveys offer an important substitute for continuously gathered data, but are unreliable for a number of reasons. Other studies have been obliged to recover data from past records, which were not designed for storing data specifically on armed violence. In other cases, individual institutions have conducted their own data gathering, and have supplied useful fragments of a comprehensive picture of the problem.
Topic:
Security, Arms Control and Proliferation, and Crime
Political Geography:
Europe

476. Children and Small Arms Resource Guide - Public Health Approaches

Publication Date:
11-2006
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
South Eastern Europe Clearinghouse for the Control of Small Arms and Light Weapons
Abstract:
In March 2006 SEESAC commissioned an Education Consultant to determine the need for a school curriculum on small arms throughout the Western Balkan countries through consultation with relevant stakeholders, a review of available literature on the subject of small arms, children and youth, and examination of evaluation reports from previous risk education projects conducted in South Eastern Europe (SEE). This report is one of a series of publications on this issue.
Topic:
Arms Control and Proliferation, Civil Society, Education, and Human Welfare
Political Geography:
Europe

477. Literature Review on Media Violence, Children and Small Arms

Publication Date:
11-2006
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
South Eastern Europe Clearinghouse for the Control of Small Arms and Light Weapons
Abstract:
One of the key issues in examining the impact of small arms on children is the role of the media. The SEESAC Education Consultant has developed a Literature Review of some materials that are relevant to considering the need for education programmes on media violence and small arms. Research has now confirmed the link between media violence and aggressive behaviour. If young people also have ready access to guns, then the likelihood of violent behaviour, against themselves and others, increases. Most of the resources are from the USA, with the exception of the UNESCO study; however, US media, films, TV, video and computer games are increasingly available to children all over the world, so the US research data is relevant.
Topic:
Arms Control and Proliferation, Civil Society, Education, and Human Welfare

478. How Many Weapons Are There in Cambodia?

Author:
Christina Wille
Publication Date:
06-2006
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Small Arms Survey
Abstract:
This background paper explains the evidence and logic for the small arms and light weapons stockpile estimates for Cambodia that are presented in the 2006 Small Arms Survey yearbook chapter (Small Arms Survey, 2006) and other Small Arms Survey publications on Cambodia. These state that there are 107,000–188,000 small arms and light weapons presently in government stockpiles, and 22,000–85,000 weapons outside of government control.
Topic:
International Relations, Arms Control and Proliferation, and War
Political Geography:
Cambodia and Southeast Asia

479. Islands of Safety in a Sea of Guns: Gun-free Zones in South Africa

Author:
Adèle Kirsten
Publication Date:
01-2006
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Small Arms Survey
Abstract:
On 27 April 1994, millions of South Africans cast their votes in the country's first fully democratic general elections, signalling an end to more than 350 years of political rule by a white minority over the black majority. South Africa's history is one of colonial conquest, dispossession, segregation, and repression; one in which firearms played an important role in maintaining the border between the oppressed and the oppressor, between the colonized and the colonizer. With the state's implementation of apartheid policies after 1948, which further entrenched white rule, the military expanded its influence into all areas of social life, becoming a pervasive element in South African society. In response to the increased repression by the apartheid state, resistance organizations turned to armed violence as one strand in the strategy for national liberation. Many members of the military wing of the African National Congress (ANC) regarded themselves as soldiers fighting in a people's war. Although many held that South Africa was at war, it was generally accepted that the conflict was a low-level civil war, commonly referred to as 'low intensity conflict' (Cock and Nathan, 1989). As a result of several factors, such as internal mass mobilization against apartheid and increasing international pressure for a political solution to the South African conflict, negotiations for a new political dispensation started in 1990, culminating in a democratic constitution and the 1994 elections.
Topic:
International Relations, Arms Control and Proliferation, and War
Political Geography:
Africa and Island

480. Pugwash Newsletter: To the Pugwash Community

Publication Date:
06-2006
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs
Abstract:
The first half of 2006 witnessed continuing sectarian violence and domestic insurgency in Iraq and the inability of Iran and the international community to find a politically acceptable means for ensuring adequate transparency and confidence that Iran's nuclear technology program would not be diverted to military purposes. To that end, the Pugwash Conferences and the Center for Strategic Research in Tehran co-sponsored an international conference in April 2006 covering both Iran's nuclear energy program and the equally important issue of Iraq and regional stability (see p. 35). Unfortunately, little progress was made on either issue, whether at the conference or by the international community. When added to the continuing stalemate in the Palestinian-Israeli peace process occasioned by the election of a Hamas government, the outlook for Middle East stability could not have been more bleak.
Topic:
Conflict Resolution, Security, Arms Control and Proliferation, and Weapons of Mass Destruction
Political Geography:
Iraq, Middle East, Israel, and Palestine