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5501. On Revolutions

Author:
Armand M Leroi et al
Publication Date:
03-2018
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Varieties of Democracy Institute (V-Dem)
Abstract:
Sometimes the normal course of events is disrupted by a particularly swift and profound change. Historians have often referred to such changes as "revolutions" and, though they have identied many of them, they have rarely supported their claims with statistical evidence. Here we present a method to identify revolutions based on a measure of the multivariate rate of change called Foote Novelty. We dene revolutions as those periods of time when the value of this measure, F, can, by a non-parametric test, be shown to be signicantly greater than the background rate. Our method also identies conservative periods when the rate of change is unusually low. Importantly, our method permits searching for revolutions over any time scale that the data permit. We apply it to several quantitative data sets that capture long-term political, social and cultural changes and, in some of them, identify revolutions, both well known and not. Our method is a general one that can be applied to any phenomenon captured by multivariate time series data of sufficient quality.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

5502. The Global Innovation Sweepstakes: A Quest to Win the Future

Author:
Atlantic Council
Publication Date:
06-2018
Content Type:
Video
Institution:
Atlantic Council
Abstract:
Please join us on Tuesday, June 26 from 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. for a tour of the world’s most innovative places and a discussion on what today’s technology trends mean for the future security and prosperity of the United States. During this event, we will launch a new report: The Global Innovation Sweepstakes: A Quest to Win the Future. The Atlantic Council’s Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security, in partnership with Qualcomm, embarked on a global tour of technology hubs to determine which ones are at the cutting edges of tech-based innovation—and which are at risk of falling behind. Our researchers visited nearly a dozen countries and spoke with almost two hundred experts. Will China overtake the United States? Can Europe rise to the challenge? Why are small states often the most innovative? This new report seeks to answer these questions—and others raised by the unfolding technological revolution. It also provides policy recommendations for research and development, skills training, technology transfer, diversity, education, and more.
Topic:
International Political Economy, Science and Technology, and International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

5503. Low-Income Students at Selective Colleges: Disappearing or Holding Steady?

Author:
Jason D. Delisle and Preston Cooper
Publication Date:
07-2018
Content Type:
Commentary and Analysis
Institution:
American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
Abstract:
Contrary to popular perception, the share of students at the 200 most selective public and private colleges who are from low-income households did not decline over the past 16 years. However, the share of students at these institutions who are from middle-income families has steadily declined.
Topic:
International Political Economy and Poverty
Political Geography:
America

5504. Examining the Importance of Paid Family Leave to American Working Families

Author:
Chad Michael Briggs
Publication Date:
07-2018
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
Abstract:
Paid parental leave can provide important health and educational benefits to children while enabling mothers to remain attached to their prior jobs, which can increase earnings substantially once the mother returns to work
Topic:
Finance and Domestic politics
Political Geography:
America

5505. China’s Global Investment: Neither the US nor Belt and Road

Author:
Derek Scissors
Publication Date:
07-2018
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
Abstract:
China is investing much less in the US than it did just a year ago. It has never invested much in the Belt and Road. Yet China’s global investment spending remains healthy, with impressive diversification across countries and the reemergence of private firms.
Topic:
International Political Economy and International Affairs
Political Geography:
China

5506. The 2018 Medicare Trustees Report: Fiscal and Policy Challenges

Author:
Joseph Antos and Robert Moffit
Publication Date:
07-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
Abstract:
Medicare’s financial outlook has deteriorated in the past year, according to the latest annual report by the program’s trustees. The Medicare Hospital Insurance trust fund is projected to be depleted in 2026, three years earlier than estimated in last year’s report. That understates the policy challenge. Every year, the program relies more on general revenues to cover its costs. In total, Medicare will receive $324 billion in general revenues this year. That will more than double by 2026. Prompt action is needed to put Medicare on a sound financial footing.
Topic:
International Organization
Political Geography:
Global Focus

5507. Shops and the City Evidence on Local Externalities and Local Government Policy from Big-Box Bankruptcies∗

Author:
Daniel Shoag and Stan Veuger
Publication Date:
07-2018
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
Abstract:
We report three findings. First, using evidence from chain bankruptcies and data on 12 million to 18 million establishments per year, we show that large retailers produce significant positive spillovers. Second, local governments respond to the size of these externalities. When a town’s boundaries allow it to capture a larger share of retail spillovers, it is more likely to offer retail subsidies. Third, these subsidies partially crowd out private sector mechanisms that also subsidize large retailers, such as shopping malls. These facts provide powerful evidence of the Coase theorem at work and highlight a concern for local development policies even when externalities can be targeted.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
America

5508. A Survey of AEI’s Work on the Middle East

Author:
Danielle Pletka
Publication Date:
06-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
Abstract:
In connection with an assessment of AEI’s work on the Middle East over the past two decades, I drafted the following survey. The arc of our scholarship in this critical region is fascinating and illuminates the continuity and evolution of the challenges the United States faces in the Middle East. What is ultimately clear is that in the region both the challenge of destructive ideas and the fostering of better ones will shape outcomes.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Middle East

5509. What Does One Do to Get Fired Around Here? An Analysis of Teacher Dismissals in Georgia

Author:
Andrew Saultz
Publication Date:
06-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
Abstract:
A majority of teacher dismissal cases in Atlanta from 2011 to 2017 were related to issues of professionalism, including not showing up for work, not following a directive from a supervisor, or not completing tasks (i.e., grading).
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
America

5510. NATO’s Unsung Virtues

Author:
Gary J. Schmitt
Publication Date:
06-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
Abstract:
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was established to meet the security threat posed by the Soviet Union. Often overlooked, though, are the ways in which it has provided the material and behavioral grounds for the larger liberal order in Europe to emerge.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus