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5431. Trends in international arms transfers 2017

Author:
Pieter D. Wezeman
Publication Date:
03-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Abstract:
The volume of international transfers of major weapons in 2013–17 was 10 per cent higher than in 2008–12. This is a continuation of the upward trend that began in the early 2000s. The flow of arms to the Middle East and Asia and Oceania increased between 2008–12 and 2013–17, while there was a decrease in the flow to the Americas, Africa and Europe.
Topic:
International Security
Political Geography:
Global Focus

5432. European regional organizations and climate-related security risks: EU, OSCE and NATO

Author:
Niklas Bremberg
Publication Date:
01-2018
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Abstract:
Research suggests that states and societies around the world are increasingly confronted by climate-related security risks. These risks are unavoidably transnational in character, and intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) are instrumental in developing policy solutions and enhancing international cooperation. However, previous research highlights that knowledge about the conditions under which IGOs address climate security risks, and when they do so effectively, is incomplete. There is a need for further in-depth analysis of relevant IGOs in the field of climate security.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Europe

5433. Multilateral peace operations and the challenges of organized crime

Author:
Jaïr van der Lijn
Publication Date:
02-2018
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Abstract:
Multilateral peace operations are increasingly confronting a set of interrelated and mutually reinforcing security challenges that are relatively new to them, that do not respect borders, and that have causes and effects which cut right across the international security, peacebuilding and development agendas. As a result, the New Geopolitics of Peace Operations III: Non‑Traditional Security Challenges initiative seeks to enhance understanding about peace operations and non-traditional security challenges such as terrorism and violent extremism, irregular migration, piracy, organized crime and environmental degradation. As a part of this initiative, this SIPRI Background Paper explores the ‘non-traditional’ security challenges that organized crime presents to multilateral peace operations.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

5434. North Korea-China Summit: The ‘Strategic Choice’ by Both Sides

Author:
Frank Aum
Publication Date:
03-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
United States Institute of Peace
Abstract:
The surprise visit to Beijing by North Korea’s Kim Jong-Un could offer both Kim and Chinese President Xi Jinping stronger hands for upcoming discussions with the United States, says USIP analyst Frank Aum. As news of the meeting broke, Aum, who previously advised the U.S. Defense Department on Korea issues, discussed its implications
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
North Korea

5435. Devolution of Power in Pakistan

Author:
Syed Mohammed Ali
Publication Date:
03-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
United States Institute of Peace
Abstract:
Passage of the eighteenth amendment to Pakistan’s constitution in 2010 was rightly hailed as a major accomplishment. Not only did it devolve significant powers from the central government to the provinces, it also mandated the formation of local governments to bring government closer to the people. It took half a decade for the provinces to set up local governments—and real decision-making authority and financial resources have been even slower to arrive. In this Special Report, Syed Mohammad Ali takes stock of Pakistan’s devolution process and why its success is critical to the long-term prospects of democracy and the cultivation of new generations of democratic leaders.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

5436. The Current Situation in Colombia

Author:
USIP
Publication Date:
02-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
United States Institute of Peace
Abstract:
A historic peace accord ended the 50-year armed conflict between the Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in 2016. Following the terms of the agreement, in 2017, more than 10,000 FARC combatants surrendered over 8,000 weapons and consolidated into 26 encampments, transitioning to civilian life. Implementing the accord — which means cementing the agreement into national legislation and ensuring its provisions reach all corners of the country equitably — remains difficult.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

5437. To Defeat Terrorism, Use 'People Power'

Author:
Maria J. Stephan and Leanne Erdberg
Publication Date:
02-2018
Content Type:
Commentary and Analysis
Institution:
United States Institute of Peace
Abstract:
As governments and communities seek the right combination of methods to halt terrorism, one that we too often miss is nonviolent resistance. It’s not that we haven’t seen the power of protest movements that use mass marches, sit-ins, boycotts and other forceful but nonviolent tactics. To the contrary, people worldwide have been moved by watching such movements sweep aside the walls of apartheid, the tanks of dictators or the impunity of kleptocracies. But governments and civil society alike have failed to connect the dots—to promote nonviolent action that can help communities address grievances while absorbing the youth alienation upon which terrorist movements feed.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

5438. Making Peace Among Afghans: Kabul's View

Author:
USIP
Publication Date:
02-2018
Content Type:
Commentary and Analysis
Institution:
United States Institute of Peace
Abstract:
Afghanistan’s government is focused on building consensus—both domestically and among states in the region—to support a peace process with the Taliban insurgency, according to the Afghan national security advisor, Hanif Atmar. The main challenges, he said, include continued support from Pakistan for the Taliban and an incremental recent Russian move toward immediate cooperation with the Taliban even without a peace process. Also, Atmar said, a web of disparate extremist groups is deploying increasing numbers of foreign fighters in his country.
Topic:
International Development
Political Geography:
Global Focus

5439. Deputy Secretary of State Sullivan: U.S. to Lead on Humanitarian Issues

Author:
USIP
Publication Date:
03-2018
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
United States Institute of Peace
Abstract:
The United States remains committed to its role as a global leader on humanitarian issues and will continue seeking to avert crises that spawn the need for humanitarian aid, Deputy Secretary of State John Sullivan said.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

5440. Congress Can Be Bipartisan: The Case of Human Rights

Author:
USIP
Publication Date:
03-2018
Content Type:
Commentary and Analysis
Institution:
United States Institute of Peace
Abstract:
In an American political culture coarsened by belligerence, dozens within Congress still are shaping bipartisan foreign policies to maintain a strong U.S. defense of human rights worldwide. The ability of Congress to sustain bipartisanship on human rights issues is vital to long-term international stability and U.S. national security, according to the Republican and Democratic co-chairs of Congress’ prominent human rights group—the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission.
Topic:
Human Rights
Political Geography:
America