1 - 7 of 7
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
2. WHY THE “TERRORIST” LABEL HELPS SOME GROUPS AND HURTS OTHERS
- Author:
- Rebecca Best
- Publication Date:
- 09-2021
- Content Type:
- Commentary and Analysis
- Institution:
- Political Violence @ A Glance
- Abstract:
- Does adding a terrorist group to the US State Department’s Foreign Terrorist Organization list reduce its violence? Since 1997, the US State Department has maintained a list of designated Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTO), or foreign organizations that use terrorism and threaten US nationals or US national security. The United States has designated a wide array of terrorist organizations and groups—including Hamas, FARC, and ISIL–Khorasan—but has refrained from using the designation for others. For example, the United States never designated the Taliban an FTO. Why not?
- Topic:
- Terrorism, Taliban, Islamic State, 9/11, Boko Haram, Hamas, Uyghurs, FARC, Haqqani Network, Khorasan Group, Mujahedeen-e-Khalq, and Tamil Tigers
- Political Geography:
- Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Iran, South Asia, Sri Lanka, Nigeria, and United States of America
3. FARC–Hezbollah: The success of Venezuela–Iran proxy groups and their convergence in the Americas
- Author:
- Jeferson Guarin P.
- Publication Date:
- 12-2020
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Security and Defence Quarterly
- Institution:
- War Studies University
- Abstract:
- Persistence and adaptation are the main characteristics that have allowed FARC and Hezbollah to become perhaps the most successful proxy groups in recent years. Both Iran and Venezuela have sponsored the military, political and criminal actions of these alleged insurgent organisations. The main objective of this research was to identify and conceptualise the mitotic evolution of FARC and Hezbollah from purely armed organisms into consolidated political organisations in Colombia and Lebanon, and how this evolution has presented a criminal convergence in Venezuela based on drug trafficking and money laundering. This article is based on a comparative case-study of published research papers, documents, and official statements of FARC and Hezbollah, by applying a rational perspective that allows their performance to be deduced. The research results showed a constant mutation of these hybrid threats. Thus, not only was the political and military success of these organisations established but also the strategic support of a criminal dimension which converged in Venezuela, where the FARC drug trafficking and Hezbollah money laundering were amalgamated. Consequently, the investigation exposes the possible consequences of the FARC-Hezbollah criminal convergence in the Americas and its destabilising effects in the next decade.
- Topic:
- Narcotics Trafficking, Hezbollah, Drugs, FARC, Destabilization, Money Laundering, and Proxy Groups
- Political Geography:
- Iran, South America, and Venezuela
4. Un Laboratorio de Guerra en Antioquia: Desmitificando la Victoria Paramilitar y la Desaparición de las Guerrillas
- Author:
- Jerónimo Ríos
- Publication Date:
- 05-2017
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Revista UNISCI/UNISCI Journal
- Institution:
- Unidad de investigación sobre seguridad y cooperación (UNISCI)
- Abstract:
- Uno de los aspectos menos investigados sobre el conflicto armado colombiano es la coincidencia espacio-temporal de guerrillas y grupos paramilitares. Es decir, cómo afectó a los niveles de presencia y activismo guerrillero la aparición de un actor como el paramilitarismo. Al respecto, la consideración tan predominante como, en pocas ocasiones, poco contrastada, pasa por atribuir una derrota a las guerrillas allí donde el paramilitarismo obtuvo un mayor arraigo. Tomando como estudio de caso el departamento de Antioquia, tradicionalmente, un escenario de gran presencia tanto guerrillera como paramilitar, se busca analizar la afectación de este último a las dinámicas de la violencia y obtener así una aproximación más sólida a una de las aristas más intrincadas del conflicto armado y que requiere de trabajos de mayor profundidad e investigación.
- Topic:
- Violence, Armed Conflict, Paramilitary, and FARC
- Political Geography:
- Colombia and South America
5. Los retos de "La paz territorial"
- Author:
- Gonzalo Vargas and Rafael Hurtado de Mendoza
- Publication Date:
- 07-2017
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios sobre Desarrollo (CIDER), Universidad de los Andes
- Abstract:
- Uno de los conceptos centrales de la plataforma política de Juan Manuel Santos para lograr la reelección y continuar la negociación con las Farc fue el de “paz territorial”. Según el Alto Comisionado de Paz, Sergio Jaramillo, la paz territorial conducirá al fortalecimiento del Estado de Derecho y de los derechos constitucionales de los colombianos en todo el territorio y este resultado se conseguirá gracias a una “alianza en la que los programas gubernamentales, las autoridades regionales—en esto el liderazgo de alcaldes y gobernadores será fundamental—y las comunidades se unen para combinar la coordinación y los recursos nacionales con la fuerza y el conocimiento de la ejecución local” (Jaramillo 2013).
- Topic:
- Conflict Resolution, Regional Cooperation, Law Enforcement, Reform, Rule of Law, Peace, and FARC
- Political Geography:
- Colombia
6. Squaring Colombia’s Circle: The Objectives of Punishment and the Pursuit of Peace
- Author:
- Paul Seils
- Publication Date:
- 06-2015
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- The International Center for Transitional Justice (ICTJ)
- Abstract:
- This paper weighs the possible modes and competing policy objectives of punishing FARC members for serious crimes in the context of Colombia’s ongoing peace negotiations. It argues that punishment has to occur in a way that does not damage one of the underlying objectives of the peace process, transforming the FARC from an insurgent group into a political actor. According to the paper, to meet policy objectives: 1) trials must be public, accessible, transparent, and serious; 2) punishment should include the possibility of offenders meeting with victims so that they can express their suffering; and 3) measures of punishment should include disagreeable consequences, such as financial penalties, asset seizure, temporary exclusion from political office, and community service orders, as well as reformative measures.
- Topic:
- Armed Forces, Transitional Justice, Criminal Justice, Accountability, and FARC
- Political Geography:
- Colombia and South America
7. The Colombian peace process: paradoxes and dilemmas
- Author:
- Juan Gabriel Tokatlian
- Publication Date:
- 01-2015
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Norwegian Centre for Conflict Resolution
- Abstract:
- The parties to the conflict in Colombia are relatively close to a final agreement, but obstacles remain. Internal tensions remain high in Colombia, despite the advances in Havana, and the need to promote a “pedagogy for peace” is urgent in light of these tensions. In particular, the transformations and adjustments required to achieve a successful peace and not just a temporary reduction of violence need to be focused on. A NOREF-Universidad Di Tella seminar in Buenos Aires concluded that the government-FARC negotiation process is gradually becoming a fact of Colombian politics, but frictions will grow as peace becomes more likely. The issues of land, the state and the rule of law will remain central to Colombian society and therefore to the peace process. In a problem-filled global environment, peace in Colombia could be a positive factor. The U.S. has not undermined the peace negotiations as it did under previous Colombian administrations, while the participation of Latin America will be significant in building peace in Colombia.
- Topic:
- Treaties and Agreements, Non State Actors, FARC, and Peace Process
- Political Geography:
- Colombia and South America