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Begin New Search Political Geography Paris Publication Year within 25 Years

1. The French Counter-radicalisation Strategy

Author:
Romain Quivooij
Publication Date:
12-2016
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Centre for Non-Traditional Security Studies (NTS)
Abstract:
Since April 2014, France has been developing a three-stage counter-radicalisation model, covering the areas of detection, prevention and de-radicalisation. Little has been said in the English literature on the organisation, the effectiveness and the challenges of this approach. France’s centralised tradition led to the implementation of a vertical structure of action dominated by the Interior Ministry. A major difficulty faced by the French authorities is to manage various “profiles” of at-risk individuals, including converts, underage individuals and young women. This illustrates a significant diversification of the groups of population affected by Salafi-Jihadist radicalisation. The French counter-radicalisation strategy is expected to lead the fight against violent extremism, but it remains hampered by divisions over the role of Islam. This bone of contention, which is indicative of the French state and society’s complex relationship with religion, substantially affects the consistency of deradicalisation programmes.
Topic:
Religion, Violent Extremism, Counter-terrorism, and Radicalization
Political Geography:
Europe, Paris, France, and Western Europe

2. FEMALE ACADEMICS IN FRANCE AND THE GLASS CEILING ‘ORGANIZED SCARCITY’?

Author:
Laurence Corroy and Emmanuelle Savignac
Publication Date:
02-2016
Content Type:
Journal Article
Institution:
Department of International Relations, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Turkey
Abstract:
The place of women in the French academic world is often analyzed through the aspects of their place in research or the evolution of women's careers in universities and centers for research. In this article, we propose to consider aspects which have been overlooked by researchers, in particular their place in governing bodies of French universities: Administrative Council, the Council for Research (Conseil Scientifique), the Council of Studies and University Life (Conseil de la formation et de la vie universitaire) and the National University Councils (Conseil national des Universités). These councils have an important role in academic careers. For example, they deliberate about promotions, they decide on sabbatical leave for research, they establish schedules for courses, and they elect researchers to various posts or positions of responsibilities. What our research shows is a very contrasted result: - the place of academic women remains deeply unbalanced in these councils at the places of governance in spite of the parity principles that were introduced by the law in 2013; - women want to be invested in the places of the decision-makers when they have the opportunity to do that. They do not shy from them as it has been suggested in previous research; - but when large numbers of them have the opportunity to secure these places, as in the National University Councils, they are relegated to administrative tasks rather than decisional and political ones.
Topic:
Gender Issues, Feminism, and Academia
Political Geography:
Europe, Paris, France, and Western Europe

3. Paris 2015: Terrorism, Climate Change, and the Politics of Securitization

Author:
Wilfrid Greaves
Publication Date:
09-2015
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Fletcher Security Review
Institution:
The Fletcher School, Tufts University
Abstract:
In the closing months of 2015, two separate events thrust the city of Paris into the epicentre of global security politics. On November 13th, the French capital was the site of a series of coordinated terrorist attacks. At least nine individuals claiming allegiance to the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) used suicide vests and assault weapons to target citizens and symbols of the Republic. The attacks, which took place in cafés, restaurants, the national soccer stadium, and a crowded music venue, killed more than 130 people and precipitated the largest state of emergency across France since the Second World War. Just two weeks later, the 21st Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) convened in Paris. The conference, known as COP21, was a pivotal moment in the global effort to reach a multilateral agreement on global climate change. The juxtaposition of terrorism and climate change, two of the most pressing security issues of our time, encapsulate the complex and intertwined nature of contemporary threats to global security. The political and normative implications of the November events in Paris demonstrate the intricacies of securitization theory, a “radically constructivist” approach to understanding the nature of security threats.[1] This theory provides a framework for understanding the process through which political issues are transformed into security issues, while offering a series of cautionary warnings about the adverse consequences of security discourse and practices within democratic societies. The application of securitization theory lends a unique understanding to both the terrorist attacks and popular engagement in the climate summit. This framework also clarifies the resulting trade-off between renewed securitization of terrorism and democratic mobilization at COP21.
Topic:
Security, Climate Change, Terrorism, and Counter-terrorism
Political Geography:
Europe, Paris, and France

4. The Fragmented Politics of Urban Preservation: Beijing, Chicago, and Paris, Yue Zhang

Author:
Max Page
Publication Date:
01-2015
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Political Science Quarterly
Institution:
Academy of Political Science
Abstract:
Saving, living in, and visiting historic places is perhaps the most-common way in which people consciously interact with the past. And yet, only in the last several decades has the movement received the sustained scholarly attention that it deserves, from historians, anthropologists, sociologists, and architects. Political scientists focusing on this key strategy of urban development in worldwide urban development, however, have been scarce. The Fragmented Politics of Urban Preservation is, therefore, an invaluable addition to the literature that should bring more attention to the central questions that preservationists ask: why is the effectiveness of preservation efforts so different in cities around the world? What accounts for success and failure in preservation struggles? Most preservationists have preferred to rely on limited answers about the relative significance of the buildings or landscapes to be preserved, or relative effectiveness of the advocacy coalition. In fact, Yue Zhang argues that we must understand not only the fragmented politics that define cities, but also the particular kind of fragmentation that is dominant in a given city. - See more at: http://www.psqonline.org/article.cfm?IDArticle=19348#sthash.BjImlmBj.dpuf
Topic:
Development and Politics
Political Geography:
Paris, Beijing, and Chicago

5. A snapshot of policy trends and successes in the region.

Author:
Katerina Valdivieso
Publication Date:
05-2015
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Americas Quarterly
Institution:
Council of the Americas
Abstract:
As host of the upcoming United Nations Climate Change Conference in December, Peru has assumed a challenging burden. Ministers and high representatives of 195 countries and international organizations, along with roughly 15,000 visitors, will gather in Lima to mark the 20th annual session of the Conference of the Parties (known as COP 20)—the governing body of the international convention. The work plan is as challenging as the conference logistics: delegates are expected to draft a document that will serve as the basis of a multinational agreement on reducing global warming, to be signed in Paris in 2015.
Topic:
Climate Change
Political Geography:
Paris and Peru

6. Old world, new world: the evolution and influence of foreign affairs think-tanks

Author:
Donald E. Abelson
Publication Date:
02-2014
Content Type:
Journal Article
Institution:
Chatham House
Abstract:
Before the ink on the Treaty of Versailles was dry, the idea of creating an organization dedicated to educating, informing and advising future leaders about the causes and consequences of war was already gaining traction. At 'a series of unofficial meetings held in Paris in 1919',1 Lionel Curtis, an Oxford professor and visionary with a reputation for possessing an impressive array of entrepreneurial skills, was spearheading efforts to establish an Anglo-American research institution where scholars could explore international problems and advocate policy solutions.2 This kind of organization appealed to Curtis and to those with whom he discussed it for several reasons, not the least of which was that it could provide a valuable forum for both policy-makers and prominent policy experts in the leading western powers to talk to one another about international affairs. It was also a concept with which several of the delegates attending the Paris peace talks had some familiarity. In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries a number of institutions had already taken root in Great Britain and in the United States with the aim of helping policy-makers navigate their way through complex policy problems. They included the Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies (1831), founded by the first Duke of Wellington; London's Fabian Society (1884), home to a number of prominent scholars, including Sidney and Beatrice Webb, co-founders of the London School of Economics; the Washington-based Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (1910), established by the Scottish-American steel tycoon Andrew Carnegie; and the Institute for Government Research (1916), which merged with two other institutions to form the Brookings Institution in 1927.3 Curtis and his colleagues in Great Britain and the United States were also aware of the ground-breaking research that had been conducted at hundreds of settlement houses in their respective countries. It was at places such as London's Toynbee Hall (1884) and Chicago's Hull House, co-founded by Jane Addams in 1889, that sociologists and other university faculty with expertise in social welfare policy could study the working conditions of the poor.4 In short, proponents of establishing a foreign affairs research institution recognized the importance of encouraging a dialogue between leading social scientists and high-level policy-makers.
Topic:
Government and International Organization
Political Geography:
Britain, United States, America, Washington, Paris, London, and Wellington

7. Enquête en « zone d'attente réservée » de l'aéroport de Paris-Charles de Gaulle : vers une gestion sécuritaire des « flux migratoires »

Author:
Morgane Iserte
Publication Date:
04-2014
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Cultures & Conflits
Institution:
Cultures & Conflits
Abstract:
L'objet de cet article est de décrire certaines procédures du « dispositif » de contrôle migratoire relatives à l'entrée sur le territoire français et au transit en zone dite internationale des étrangers, telles que mises en ouvre dans la zone d'attente du site aéroportuaire de Paris-Charles de Gaulle (CDG). Nous souhaitons ici illustrer la mutation des techniques de confinement des étrangers au regard de l'évolution des exigences sécuritaires en matière de contrôle de l'immigration au sein de cette plate-forme aéroportuaire, qui constitue le principal lieu de passage d'étrangers non admis sur le territoire et d'arrivée de demandeurs d'asile en France. Chaque année, 11 millions de personnes sont contrôlés à la frontière de Roissy. Ce pôle est aussi une zone d'activité de premier plan où travaillent 90 000 salariés dans 700 entreprises et dont la gestion représente un enjeu économique majeur. C'est enfin un « hub » international, c'est-à-dire un aéroport permettant aux passagers de changer rapidement et facilement de vol, où transitent chaque année près de 55 millions de passagers, véritable « point de connexion entre une multiplicité de flux ». Comme l'écrit Michel Serres : « Dans l'ensemble ruisselant du réseau, un tel noud joue le rôle d'un récepteur et d'un redistributeur, il synthétise et analyse, mélange, classe et trie, choisit et émet. Il importe et exporte ».
Political Geography:
Paris

8. Penalización de la circulación y reconfiguración de la frontera: el mantenimiento de los extranjeros en "zonas de espera"

Author:
Chowra Makaremi
Publication Date:
04-2014
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Cultures & Conflits
Institution:
Cultures & Conflits
Abstract:
Los desplazamientos de la población constituyen los cimientos de una evolución de las identidades y de los modos de identificación. Son objeto de una gestión política fundada en una relación de exclusión alrededor de las líneas de fractura Norte-Sur y en la afirmación de un control estatal de la circulación. Los trabajos que establecen las bases de este enfoque insisten en la importancia de las modalidades de desplazamiento como un lugar de observación privilegiado de la realidad global. En los países occidentales, el control de las fronteras y la construcción de los "campos de extranjeros" son el resultado visible de las nuevas distribuciones del poder que pasan por el acceso a la movilidad. El control estatal de los movimientos voluntarios y forzados de la población se impone a la vez como un desafío del gobierno en el mundo contemporáneo y como un ángulo de enfoque para comprender las evoluciones esenciales, tales como el vínculo entre identidad, nación y territorio. De hecho, se abren ciertos interrogantes políticos actuales ligados a la noción de ciudadanía alrededor de la población en desplazamiento. Por un lado, la gestión de la población extranjera deja al descubierto la construcción estatal de la comunidad nacional. Por otro lado, sus modos de existencia esbozan las posibilidades de enunciación y de participación política desconectadas del paradigma territorial, que invitan a repensar la "localidad" en las condiciones globales. Estas evoluciones se articulan especialmente en una ambivalencia de la frontera, que permite la coexistencia de dos realidades: la de la desterritorialización progresiva de las organizaciones socio-económicas y la del refuerzo de las fronteras como lugar de prácticas administrativas de exclusión de los individuos. De este modo, se explica el interés aparentemente contradictorio de las ciencias sociales para el cuestionamiento de los lazos entre territorios e identidades y, al mismo tiempo, para el estudio de la frontera como espacio sociopolítico. De hecho, mientras que los trabajos consagrados a la "globalización" cuestionan los monopolios del Estado y del territorio como ejes de gravedad de la reflexión política, los "borderlands" (territorios fronterizos) se imponen como objetos de estudio antropológico, entablando una reflexión sobre la necesidad de repensar la separación espacial, las líneas entre cultura y territorio, espacialidad y alteridad, en particular a través de un estudio empírico renovado de los espacios fronterizos y de las modalidades de control de la población que allí se encuentra.
Political Geography:
Paris

9. Military Humanitarianism: Syria Hasn't Killed It

Author:
Thomas G. Weiss
Publication Date:
04-2014
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
The Washington Quarterly
Institution:
Center for Strategic and International Studies
Abstract:
Pundits claim that the war in Syria has sounded the death knell for humanitarian intervention and the Responsibility to Protect (R2P)— resquiescat in pace , according to David Rieff. By failing to intercede in that country's brutal civil war, many believe the international community effectively turned its back on an important emerging international norm, one that over 150 heads of state endorsed at the UN's 2005 World Summit.
Political Geography:
Paris, Libya, London, and Syria

10. Violences nationalistes au Pays Basque

Author:
Xavier Crettiez
Publication Date:
05-2014
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Cultures & Conflits
Institution:
Cultures & Conflits
Abstract:
Alors que l'actualité ne cesse d'égrener son lot d'arrestations de militants nationalistes basques et que chaque prise policière est l'occasion d'annoncer la mauvaise santé de l'organisation ETA en même temps que de poser un regard enthousiaste sur l'efficacité de la coopération franco-espagnole, paraissent deux ouvrages de bonne facture sur la violence au Pays Basque.
Political Geography:
Europe and Paris