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21. What’s missing? Adding context to the urban response toolbox: Annex A

Author:
Leah Campbell
Publication Date:
04-2018
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
ALNAP: Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance
Abstract:
This annex contains a more detailed description of the 25 tools reviewed as part of the ALNAP Study What’s Missing? Adding Context to the Urban Response Toolbox. The research sought to find tools which could be used to improve understanding of context (the environment and circumstances within which something happens and which can help to explain it). 25 tools were identified, and have been grouped as follows: 16 ‘Core’ tools developed for, or used in, urban or sub-national contexts in an emergency or crisis context, and deal in whole or in part with context. • Six ‘Supplemental’ tools these deal in whole or in part with context. Some focus on a country or an urban level in a crisis context but in a development or planning context. • Three ‘Related’ tools these tools have been considered because they address context in some way, but have a larger focus on, for example, needs or conflict.
Topic:
Urban, Humanitarian Response, and Humanitarian Organizations
Political Geography:
Global Focus

22. Making Operational Decisions in Humanitarian Response: A Literature Review

Author:
Leah Campbell and Paul Knox Clarke
Publication Date:
04-2018
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
ALNAP: Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance
Abstract:
During a crisis, humanitarian leaders must make a range of decisions including whether, when and how to intervene; how to address technical, logistical, political and security constraints; when and how to cease operations; and the list goes on. Many of these decisions are made in urgent circumstances, have life-saving implications, and take place in a context of uncertainty. The importance of effective decision-making in operational humanitarian response has emerged as a theme in ALNAP’s previous work on humanitarian leadership and coordination. However, little academic attention has been given to this subject so far. This literature review considers the context in which humanitarian leaders are asked to make decisions, explores the range of decision-making approaches which exist, and considers how effective these approaches might be in humanitarian environments. The paper draws from existing humanitarian literature and evaluations, and also from the wealth of experience which exists from the world of emergency management decision-making (including fires and public health emergencies). In doing so, it gathers existing knowledge, identifies gaps in understanding and proposes areas for future research. ALNAP is undertaking a new piece of research to better understand how humanitarians can make effective decisions in situations of urgency and/or uncertainty. To find out more about the research and how you can get involved read the Infosheet.
Topic:
Leadership, Crisis Management, Coordination, and Humanitarian Response
Political Geography:
United Kingdom and Global Focus

23. 10 tips to make the most of context tools

Author:
ALNAP
Publication Date:
07-2018
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
ALNAP: Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance
Abstract:
This brief list of dos and don'ts draws key findings from ALNAP's latest study - 'What's missing? Adding context to the urban response toolbox', and includes 10 quick tips to bear in mind when using any context tool.
Topic:
Urban, Methodology, Guidelines, Humanitarian Response, and Context
Political Geography:
Global Focus

24. 8 steps to get you started: Using context tools in urban response

Author:
ALNAP
Publication Date:
09-2018
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
ALNAP: Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance
Abstract:
Would you like to better understand the context you’re operating in, but aren’t sure where to start? ‘What’s Missing? Adding Context to the Urban Response Toolbox’ is a new study from ALNAP, part of a broader research initiative exploring how humanitarian response can be more effective in complex urban areas. This resources sets out 8 simple steps, on how you can begin using context tools in humanitarian response, by drawing key findings from the study.
Topic:
Urban, Methodology, Guidelines, Humanitarian Response, and Context
Political Geography:
Global Focus

25. ALNAP Guide: Evaluation of Protection in Humanitarian Action

Author:
Ian Christoplos, Neil Dillon, and Francesca Bonino
Publication Date:
10-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
ALNAP: Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance
Abstract:
This companion to the ALNAP EHA Guide offers protection-specific insights for evaluators and evaluation commissioners across the humanitarian sector. It covers the planning, data management and analysis phases of evaluation and addresses a range of challenges that – whilst not all unique to protection – are often exacerbated by the contexts in which protection activities typically take place. Challenges addressed include those arising from the multi-faceted nature of protection activities, the difficulty understanding cause-effect relationships underlying protection risks, and the challenges of accessing and managing very sensitive data, sometimes drawn from communities in conflict.
Topic:
Performance Evaluation, Guidelines, Humanitarian Response, and Protection
Political Geography:
Global Focus

26. Special humanitarian intakes: Enhancing protection through targeted refugee resettlement

Author:
Tamara Wood and Claire Higgins
Publication Date:
12-2018
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Andrew & Renata Kaldor Centre for International Refugee Law at UNSW Sydney
Abstract:
Between 2015 and 2017, Australia provided 12,000 resettlement places for refugees fleeing conflict in Syria and Iraq. This special humanitarian intake was an ad hoc, one-off response to international and domestic pressure on the Australian government and reflects similar pledges made by other States to admit Syrian refugees. While Australia’s Syria–Iraq special intake provided invaluable protection for refugees fleeing one of the world’s major humanitarian crises, it raises a number of questions regarding fairness, transparency and efficiency in its implementation. In the context of growing numbers of displaced people worldwide, the Syrian crisis will not be the last situation involving widespread displacement and requiring international cooperation to ensure the protection of refugees. Indeed, the current predicament of large numbers of refugees in places such as Kenya, Bangladesh and the Central Mediterranean also requires stronger responses and support from the international community. This Policy Brief critically analyses special humanitarian intakes from an international and comparative perspective. It examines the normative frameworks applicable to special humanitarian intakes, both in Australia and elsewhere, including international refugee and human rights law, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) global resettlement program, and Australian domestic law. It considers how the Syria–Iraq special intake compares to other similar, one-off arrangements for the relocation and/or resettlement of refugees, such as the Comprehensive Plan of Action for Indo-Chinese refugees in the 1970s and 1980s, the humanitarian evacuation of Kosovar refugees in 1999, and the use of individual emergency and urgent resettlement quotas by States such as Sweden and Canada.
Topic:
Refugees, Displacement, Resettlement, Humanitarian Response, and Protection
Political Geography:
Global Focus

27. Working with people and communities in urban humanitarian crises

Author:
Leah Campbell
Publication Date:
06-2017
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
ALNAP: Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance
Abstract:
This Working Paper explores the topic of working with urban populations and communities. It draws on practical challenges and approaches in relation to targeting and communication with urban populations, and in the mobilisation of urban communities.
Topic:
Communications, Media, Crisis Management, Accountability, Urban, Participation, and Humanitarian Response
Political Geography:
Global Focus

28. Using Evidence to Allocate Humanitarian Resources: Challenges and Opportunities

Author:
Alice Obrecht
Publication Date:
09-2017
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
ALNAP: Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance
Abstract:
A significant World Humanitarian Summit outcome, the Grand Bargain reforms aim to make the humanitarian system more financially efficient and fit for purpose. But, Alice Obrecht suggests, these reforms cannot be successfully achieved without paying attention to how donors gather, use and share evidence and information. Drawing on ideas from the public health sector and charity evaluation, Using Evidence to Allocate Humanitarian Resources suggests ways forward which can be incorporated into ongoing reform efforts: clarifying priorities, investing in evidence, coordinating and consolidating current data sets, and adapting.
Topic:
Public Sector, Performance Evaluation, and Humanitarian Response
Political Geography:
Global Focus