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12. The Role of Development Actors in Responding to Environment and Security Links
- Author:
- Karen Meijer and Katongo Seyuba
- Publication Date:
- 12-2022
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI)
- Abstract:
- Despite growing interest among development actors to integrate links between the environment, climate, peace and security into their policies and activities, practical approaches to addressing environment-related security risks are lagging behind awareness at policy level. This policy brief provides insights into how donors can incentivize implementing organizations to further develop and apply these practical approaches. It recommends support that: (a) facilitates engagement between implementing organizations and local communities, and prioritizes local knowledge and solutions; (b) builds new partnerships between implementing organizations from both the environment or climate side and the security or peacebuilding side; (c) enables the sharing of good practices and lessons learned on how to address environment-related security risks at various levels; (d) promotes the inclusion and prioritization of environment–security links in country-level policies; and (e) is more flexible in implementation, as well as engages in long-term commitments and funding.
- Topic:
- Security, Development, Environment, Risk, and Donors
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
13. How Do Humanitarian Donors Make Decisions, and What Is the Scope for Change?
- Author:
- Rose Worden and Patrick Saez
- Publication Date:
- 10-2021
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Center for Global Development (CGD)
- Abstract:
- n this policy paper we review donor responses to a survey and interviews to probe the effects of the broader political and economic context in which donors operate, and identify internal constraints on humanitarian funding, planning, and making allocative decisions. We identify and highlight perceived and real constraints with which donors contend when making decisions on how to allocate limited resources. The way humanitarian donors fund is key to system-wide efficiency, effectiveness, and reforms in the humanitarian system. Donors face competing priorities when engaging in humanitarian response. They care about retaining control, must rely on limited information sources to inform decisions, and balance their approaches with other foreign policy objectives. Institutional legacies, trust, and visibility for their efforts also matter to donors. These factors have shaped how donors have approach their current commitments to Grand Bargain reforms as donors prepare to engage with the newest iteration of reform—the Grand Bargain 2.0.
- Topic:
- Humanitarian Aid, Reform, Institutions, and Donors
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
14. Financing the Humanitarian Public Good: Towards a More Effective Humanitarian Financing Model
- Author:
- Emmanuel Saez, Jeremy Konyndyk, and Rose Worden
- Publication Date:
- 07-2021
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Center for Global Development (CGD)
- Abstract:
- The international humanitarian system provides a global public service but is financed on a voluntary basis. The way official donor funding is mobilised and allocated is unpredictable and haphazard, reducing efficiency and effectiveness. Donors should overcome the collective action problem that is inhibiting change and reach a critical mass of finance delivered through collective mechanisms. This paper outlines the case for - and obstacles against – change. It suggests three ways to make some progress: a multi-year common replenishment model for protracted and predictable crises; rebalancing country-level pooled mechanisms; and aligning core funding to agencies with agreed core functions.
- Topic:
- Humanitarian Intervention, Humanitarian Crisis, Donors, and Public Goods
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
15. Improving Performance in the Multilateral Humanitarian System: New Models of Donorship
- Author:
- Patrick Saez, Lewis Sida, Rachel Silverman, and Rose Worden
- Publication Date:
- 06-2021
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Center for Global Development (CGD)
- Abstract:
- The humanitarian system has undergone three series of reforms over the past couple of decades, with mixed results. Multilateral agencies play a central role in the system. Faced with the prospect of growing humanitarian needs as a result of conflict, climate change and pandemics, the elusive quest to improve their performance continues. Yet while donors agree on the benefits of a strong multilateral system to respond to humanitarian crises, they diverge when it comes to measuring performance and providing financial incentives. A political economy defined by co-dependence and information asymmetry complicates the picture. Donors should unbundle their funding of different multilateral functions and measure their performance accordingly. Commonly agreed core functions and capacities should be supported by a greater proportion of core rather than earmarked funding. Performance of these core functions should be measured using multi-donor assessments and functional reviews. Independent measurement of outcomes should be linked to pooled mechanisms that would channel a significantly greater proportion of funding earmarked to specific crises.
- Topic:
- Finance, Multilateral Relations, Multilateralism, and Donors
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
16. Transitions in Global Health Diplomacy: Views of Donors During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Author:
- Cynthia Buckley, Ralph Clem, and Erik Herron
- Publication Date:
- 12-2021
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Fletcher Security Review
- Institution:
- The Fletcher School, Tufts University
- Abstract:
- Sickening and killing people worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic is disrupting national and international economies and creating enormous human suffering. Current and future geopolitical implications are substantial, requiring long term attention by national security policymakers in the United States and elsewhere.245 Central among these foreign policy concerns is the capacity of states across the globe to deliver health care (and other services) to their populations and the role of health and human security in promoting national security.246 Prior to the pandemic, interest in Global Health Diplomacy (GHD) as a foreign policy tool was growing, reflecting the recognition of border crossing health concerns and the effectiveness of health-focused development aid. Health assistance provided through GHD enables improvements in the quality of life, expansion of infrastructure, and strong donor-recipient ties, each of which can contribute to recipient state capacity. Emerging impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic increase the importance of international health assistance.247 The value of health assistance in generating grassroots aid recognition, thereby capturing “hearts and minds,” is a potent means of building international recognition of both a state’s humanitarian mission and building a positive reputation in recipient state public opinion. In the American context, the four years of the Trump administration were marked by a decline in American bilateral and multilateral engagement in terms of GHD, specifically its stated intention to withdraw from the World Health Organization (WHO).248 Importantly, this coincided with a period of rising efforts in this area by China and Russia. These changes highlight the importance of understanding how changes in GHD participation emerge and enable stronger linkages between GHD studies and global rivalries (more common in the field of International Relations).249 We set out to explore how transitioning patterns of GHD engagement inform the positioning priorities of the United States, Russia, China, and multinational organizations such as the European Union. How have the acute health, economic, and in some cases political crises of the global COVID-19 pandemic altered donor engagement in GHD? What are the effects of changes in the perceptions of their engagement in recipient states? We incorporate data from three strategically important post-Soviet countries—Estonia, Ukraine, and the Republic of Georgia—to illustrate how major players in GHD are viewed on the ground. Situated on a long arc from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea and beyond to the Caucasus, these states neighbor Russia proper. Proximity to Russia itself implies a core national security problem: Moscow has actively undermined the territorial integrity of Georgia and Ukraine, seizing parts of both via kinetic warfare while causing massive infrastructure damage (including healthcare infrastructure), thousands of deaths, and the internal displacement of millions.250 Estonia has been the target of cyberattacks emanating from Russia, and all three countries must cope with relentless disinformation campaigns intended to destabilize their governments and societies. These three cases provide insights into how citizens in recipient states view GHD engagement in a time of crisis.
- Topic:
- Diplomacy, Pandemic, COVID-19, Donors, and Global Health
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
17. Actually Navigating by Judgment: Towards a New Paradigm of Donor Accountability Where the Current System Doesn’t Work
- Author:
- Dan Hoing
- Publication Date:
- 02-2020
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Center for Global Development (CGD)
- Abstract:
- This working paper explores how donors can move towards greater Navigation by Judgment, highlighting the actions people inside and outside aid agencies can work to make change— encouraging more Navigation by Judgment on the margin, starting today. It focuses principally on accepting the need for a very different way of measuring success and holding projects and personnel accountable, and when and why that might be a very good idea.
- Topic:
- Accountability, Transparency, Charity, and Donors
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
18. Funding Women Peacebuilders: Dismantling Barriers to Peace
- Author:
- France Bognon and Sanam Naraghi-Anderlini
- Publication Date:
- 10-2020
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- International Civil Society Action Network (ICAN)
- Abstract:
- This report analyzes obstacles facing donors and women’s peacebuilding organizations and points to recent developments in this area of practice.
- Topic:
- Civil Society, Women, Donors, and Peacebuilding
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
19. Research Workshop on the Role of Civilians in Preventing and Mitigating Mass Atrocities
- Author:
- Jamie Wise
- Publication Date:
- 06-2019
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Simon-Skjodt Center for the Prevention of Genocide, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- Abstract:
- On June 13-14, 2019, the Simon-Skjodt Center for the Prevention of Genocide at the US Holocaust Memorial Museum convened a workshop with case study research partners and other scholars to discuss the Center’s ongoing project on the role of civilians in preventing and mitigating mass atrocities. This rapporteur’s report summarizes major observations raised on the first day of the workshop, during which all participants made contributions.
- Topic:
- Humanitarian Aid, Civilians, Donors, and Atrocity Prevention
- Political Geography:
- Sri Lanka, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, and Global Focus
20. Shifting Mindsets | Section 5: Funding
- Author:
- Alice Obrecht
- Publication Date:
- 09-2019
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- ALNAP: Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance
- Abstract:
- This standalone section of the ALNAP Study Shifting Mindsets: Creating a more flexible humanitarian response focuses on funding for greater flexibility. This is one of the three pillars that flexibility relies upon according to this research and also one of the starting points to make humanitarian responses more flexible. It covers types of humanitarian funding and their relationship to flexibility, characteristics of funding mechanisms that support flexible and adaptive humanitarian action, and the future of flexible bilateral funding.
- Topic:
- International Organization, Crisis Management, Donors, Funding, and Humanitarian Response
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
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