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802. Financial Impacts of Climate Change: Implications for the EU Budget
- Author:
- Christian Egenhofer, Arno Behrens, and Jorge Núñez Ferrer
- Publication Date:
- 08-2008
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS)
- Abstract:
- This study focuses on the financial resources needed to fight global climate change and the implications for the EU budget. The authors apply four different methodologies to estimate global financing requirements and attempt to determine the resources that will be needed at the EU level to meet the EU's climate change objectives. The study analyses current climate change spending of the EU budget, identifies shortcomings and indicates possibilities for correcting them. It also assesses the potential of the EU emissions trading scheme (EU ETS) to raise additional resources to finance coordinated actions at the EU level aimed at fighting climate change. Finally, it provides three case studies of national public expenditure related to climate change in Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States.
- Topic:
- Climate Change
- Political Geography:
- United States, United Kingdom, Europe, and Germany
803. Transitional Justice als Weg zu Frieden und Sicherheit. Möglichkeiten und Grenzen, SFB-Governance [Working Paper No. 15]
- Author:
- Susanne Buckley-Zistel
- Publication Date:
- 07-2008
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Collaborative Research Center (SFB) 700
- Abstract:
- Transitional Justice refers to ways of dealing with the past of violent conflicts or dictatorships in order to promote the transition to peace and security in a divided society. Against the backdrop of the concept's increasing popularity the objective of the working paper is to investigate whether its norms and instruments do indeed contribute to improving the relationship between the parties to the conflict. Central to the analysis is the impact of its normative cornerstones justice and truth, both conceptionally and practically, and the paper illustrates that their influence on post-conflict societies is rather ambivalent and by no means inevitably promoting peace. Based on these sobering insights the working paper concludes with the appeal to consider Transitional Justice as a political concept and to maintain a critical stance towards its application.
- Topic:
- Conflict Resolution, Security, and Governance
- Political Geography:
- Germany
804. The Catholic Church: An Underestimated and Necessary Actor in International Affairs
- Author:
- Jodok Troy
- Publication Date:
- 01-2008
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
- Institution:
- Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
- Abstract:
- In an attempt to unite faith and reason, among other things, through a quotation of an ancient emperor, Pope Benedict XVI's lecture on 12 September 2006 in Regensburg, Germany, reverberated around the world in widespread, sometimes violent reactions, notably in the Muslim world. Later, the Pope stated that he had simply wished to illustrate the connection between faith and reason. The strong reactions to his speech illustrate what great impact a diplomatic faux pas, especially one from a major religious leader, can have in world politics.
- Political Geography:
- Germany
805. Stumbling Toward Eurabia
- Author:
- Alex Alexiev
- Publication Date:
- 03-2008
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- The Journal of International Security Affairs
- Institution:
- Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs
- Abstract:
- In the summer of 2004, in an interview little noticed outside the country, the prominent academic scholar of Islam Bassam Tibi predicted a future for Germany that many decried as provocative nonsense at the time. In ten years, Tibi said, Germany will be the scene of large running battles between police and gangs of marginalized Muslim youth, bringing cities like Berlin, Cologne and Frankfurt to the brink of chaos. This will be the inevitable result, according to him, of a trend that is already visible. Muslims are not interested in integration. They are, in fact, obligated not to integrate by the radical Islamic ideology dominant in their communities, and live increasingly segregated in parallel societies. The main difference between 2004 and 2014, Tibi believed, would be that the highly marginalized Muslim population would have more than doubled to 10 million, sharia would have been gradually introduced in Germany and the Islam preached there would be even more radical and resemble Nazi totalitarianism.
- Political Geography:
- Germany
806. Berlin's Best Hope
- Author:
- Ulf Gartzke
- Publication Date:
- 03-2008
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- The Journal of International Security Affairs
- Institution:
- Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs
- Abstract:
- Since taking office in November 2005, German Chancellor Angela Merkel has racked up an impressive foreign policy record. First and foremost, Merkel moved quickly to repair transatlantic relations with Washington, which had been badly damaged over the Iraq war under former Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder's Red-Green government. While European politicians on the Left have repeatedly resorted to anti-American rhetoric as a crucial element of successful election campaigns, Germany's conservative CDU/CSU parties firmly believe that strong political and security ties with the United States are an indispensable pillar of German foreign policy. And after Tony Blair and Jacques Chirac essentially turned 10 Downing Street and the Élysée Palace into lame-duck residencies, Chancellor Merkel's early effort to reach out to Washington paid off, with her emerging as President Bush's most important partner in Europe.
- Political Geography:
- America, Europe, and Germany
807. Tracking the Dragon
- Author:
- Randall G. Schriver
- Publication Date:
- 03-2008
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- The Journal of International Security Affairs
- Institution:
- Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs
- Abstract:
- In their 197 classic folk-rock song, Buffalo Springfield sang the verses, “There's something happening here; What it is ain't exactly clear.” Such are the sentiments of many U.S. policymakers when analyzing the so-called “rise of China.” The “something” we know to be happening is the emergence of China onto the world stage—a development that our own National Intelligence Council opined “is similar to the advent of a united Germany in the 19th century and a powerful U.S. in the early 20th century, and will transform the geopolitical landscape with impacts potentially as dramatic as those in the previous two centuries.
- Political Geography:
- China and Germany
808. Systemic Changes and State Identity: Turkish and German Responses
- Author:
- Birgül Demirtaş-Coşkun
- Publication Date:
- 01-2008
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Insight Turkey
- Institution:
- SETA Foundation for Political, Economic and Social Research
- Abstract:
- This article seeks to analyze identity discourses in Turkey and Germany in the wake of the end of the bipolar world order. The radical changes taking place in the international system in the late 1980s and early 1990s led to extensive internal debates on state identity in both countries. It is puzzling that despite heavy discussion in Ankara and Berlin, in the end, both retained the former identities they had constructed during the Cold War. Systemic changes resulted in alternative state identity narratives in both countries, without leading to any major change in the direction of foreign policy. One of the main arguments of this paper is that the main reasons behind the preservation of former identities in Turkey and Germany were the political, strategic and economic benefits that both countries had acquired during the Cold War. Another important argument is that Turkish and German state identities based on the "Western" orientation were well-established and resistant, at least, to the alternative models which were being discussed in the post-Cold War era.
- Topic:
- Cold War
- Political Geography:
- Turkey, Germany, and Berlin
809. Legal Responses to Jihadist Terrorism. The Germany's Example
- Author:
- Miguel Ángel Cano Paños
- Publication Date:
- 01-2008
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Athena Intelligence Journal
- Institution:
- Athena Intelligence
- Abstract:
- El terrorismo transnacional ha colocado a la lucha antiterrorista desarrollada a nivel nacional e internacional ante de una serie de problemas y retos realmente impensables en las décadas de 1970-1980. Un ejemplo paradigmático lo constituye sin duda Alemania, país que ha vivido en primera persona la transición de un terrorismo de carácter doméstico (RAF) a otro de carácter transnacional (yihadismo). En el presente trabajo se analizan tanto las medidas legislativas aprobadas en el país germano desde los atentados del 11 de septiembre de 2001, como las actuales iniciativas legislativas que el vigente Gobierno de coalición ha impulsado con el fin de hacer más efectiva si cabe la lucha contra esta amenaza global que supone el terrorismo de base yihadista.
- Topic:
- Terrorism
- Political Geography:
- Germany
810. Germany, Afterwards
- Author:
- Rhoda E. Howard-Hassmann
- Publication Date:
- 01-2008
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Human Rights and Human Welfare - Review Essays
- Institution:
- Josef Korbel Graduate School of International Studies, University of Denver
- Abstract:
- Do human rights scholars need to learn more about the minutiae of the Nazi period, or the immediate post-war period? One wonders whether there is any benefit, other than one of historical interest, to learning about the way African-American soldiers and their children with white German women were treated under the American occupation of Germany. Similarly, one might wonder whether the study of continued German and American Catholic anti-Semitism after 1945 can be of any benefit, when the largest question concerning Jews in the 21st century is the Israeli occupation of Palestine. Moreover, in an age when mass rape in warfare is common, it may be mere prurience to read about mass rapes of German women by Russian soldiers. And since the fall of the Berlin Wall, do we need to know that East German Communists were often as corrupt as their Nazi predecessors?
- Topic:
- Civil Society and Peace Studies
- Political Geography:
- Africa, America, Europe, Palestine, and Germany