Political Geography: Europe / Topic: Judiciary

Author:: Michał Wojnarowicz and Szymon Zaręba
Publication Date:: 01-2020
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: The Polish Institute of International Affairs
Abstract:: On 12 November 2019, the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) issued a judgment on products from Jewish settlements in the Israeli-occupied West Bank and Golan Heights. It states that EU members are required to ensure that the origin is properly marked. The implementation of this requirement may cause disputes in the EU because of differences in Member States’ policies towards Israel. Tensions in relations with the U.S. are also possible, especially in the context of that country’s recent change in policy favouring the Israeli position on settlements. Hence, it is advisable for the EU to develop a uniform policy regarding imports and labelling of products from all occupied territories.
Topic:: International Law, Territorial Disputes, European Union, Occupation, Judiciary, and Trade
Political Geography:: Europe, Middle East, Israel, Palestine, North America, United States of America, West Bank, and Golan Heights

Author:: Gregory Claeys
Publication Date:: 05-2020
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: Bruegel
Abstract:: To keep the euro-area economy afloat, the European Central Bank has put in place a large number of measures since the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis. This response has triggered fears of a future increase in inflation. However, the ECB's new measures and the resulting increase in the size of its balance sheet, even if it were to be permanent, should not restrict its ability to achieve its price-stability mandate, within its legal obligations.
Topic:: Governance, Central Bank, Macroeconomics, Judiciary, and COVID-19
Political Geography:: Europe

Author:: Daniela Schwarzer and Shahin Vallée
Publication Date:: 05-2020
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: German Council on Foreign Relations (DGAP)
Abstract:: The recent ruling of the German Constitutional Court on the ECB was an economic and political bombshell. The deep controversy that resulted – within Germany and on a European scale – illustrates that the ambiguity surrounding the euro area’s legal order and architecture may have reached its limit. The ruling, combined with the plan to build a fiscal capacity to address the economic consequences of the coronavirus crisis, presents the EU with an important opportunity to complete and solidify the euro area.
Topic:: European Union, Constitution, Economy, Fiscal Policy, and Judiciary
Political Geography:: Europe and Germany

Author:: Gustav Gressel
Publication Date:: 08-2019
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: European Council On Foreign Relations
Abstract:: Despite Ukrainians’ deep unhappiness with the corruption and inefficiency of the judiciary and security bodies, the Poroshenko administration failed to reform these services. Political interference and personal enrichment have long been part of the practice of these services, overshadowing the strong work they are often capable of and holding back reformist elements. The office of the prosecutor general and the Ukrainian Security Service need particular attention, but merely passing new laws will not be enough: replacing incumbent high-level officials should be an early step. The EU, US, and NATO have worked effectively together on encouraging reform in Ukraine, but they must now ensure that these services remain high in the minds of the Zelensky administration and of Rada members.
Topic:: Security, Corruption, Government, Reform, and Judiciary
Political Geography:: Europe and Ukraine

Author:: Judithanne Scourfield McLauchlan
Publication Date:: 11-2018
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: Journal of Liberty and International Affairs
Institution:: Institute for Research and European Studies (IRES)
Abstract:: For this study, I reviewed the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights against the Republic of Moldova and the corresponding reports of the Committee of Ministers from 1997 through 2014. In addition, I interviewed more than 25 lawyers, judges, and human rights advocates. After analyzing the effectiveness of the Court in terms of compliance with the judgments in specific cases (individual measures), I will assess the broader impact of these decisions (general measures) on legal reforms and public policy in the Republic of Moldova. I will evaluate the effectiveness of the decisions of the ECtHR in the context of the implementation of Moldova’s Justice Sector Reform Strategy (2011-2015), the Council of Europe’s Action Plan to Support Democratic Reforms in the Republic of Moldova (2013-2016), and Moldova’s National Human Rights Action Plan (2011-2014). My findings will offer insights into the constraints faced by the ECtHR in implementing its decisions and the impact of the ECtHR on national legal systems.
Topic:: Human Rights, Reform, European Union, and Judiciary
Political Geography:: Europe and Moldova

Author:: Philipp H. Fluri, Oleksiy Melnyk, and Nazli Yildirim
Publication Date:: 12-2017
Content Type:: Special Report
Institution:: Razumkov Centre
Abstract:: This publication offers the Key Issues and Policy Recommendations based on the results of the Second International Conference “Security Sector Governance: The Role of Democratic Institutions & International Best Practices”. Conference Two, following to the first conference recommendations, sought to examine current Ukraine’s security sector governance challenges by highlighting the role of democratic institutions and the international best practices.
Topic:: Security, Human Rights, Democracy, Legislation, Institutions, Judiciary, and Human Resources
Political Geography:: Europe and Ukraine

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