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212. How Central is Central Asia? Part 3/3
- Publication Date:
- 10-2010
- Content Type:
- Video
- Institution:
- The Harriman Institute
- Abstract:
- The Third Annual Russia/Eurasia Forum: How Central is Central Asia? Sponsored by the Harriman Institute, Columbia University, and the Kathryn W. and Shelby Cullom Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies, Harvard University.
- Topic:
- Foreign Policy and International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Russia, United States, Central Asia, and Eurasia
213. Dilemmas of the 'Middle Continent': Russian strategy for Eastern Eurasia
- Author:
- David Kerr
- Publication Date:
- 06-2009
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- The International Spectator
- Institution:
- Istituto Affari Internazionali
- Abstract:
- Russia did not join the West, nor did it join the East. Russia's commitment to its strategic autonomy and independent foreign and security policy requires the preservation of a 'middle continent' that bridges and transcends Europe and Asia. Russia pursues a restorationist strategy for Eurasia but faces a three-way struggle: for its own autonomy as a great power; for resistance to absorption within the US-centred system of common strategic space; and for management of the dynamics between the emergent powers through negotiation between strategic partnerships and regionalisms. This article examines these dilemmas in relation to Eastern Eurasia, and in particular the Sino-Russian relationship.
- Topic:
- Security and Foreign Policy
- Political Geography:
- Russia, Europe, Eurasia, and Asia
214. Eastern Caspian Sea Energy Geopolitics: A Litmus Test for the U.S. – Russia – China Struggle for the Geostrategic Control of Eurasia
- Author:
- Thrassy Marketos
- Publication Date:
- 01-2009
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- The Caucasian Review of International Affairs
- Institution:
- The Caucasian Review of International Affairs
- Abstract:
- For reasons both of world strategy and control over natural resources, the US administration is determined to secure for itself a dominant role in Eurasia. The Eastern Caspian shore of the Central Asian states of Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan is crucial to the oil and gas control flow, because which of the two major projects - the Trans-Caspian Corridor plus Nabucco pipeline, or the Prikaspiisky and South Stream pipelines - reaches the European market, will in effect determine which major power - U.S., Russia, or China - will gain geostrategic control over Eurasia. Even more seriously, it may determine a new eventual decision of Europe and the rise of a potential big continental power or a coalition of powers threatening the U.S. and the West as a whole, such as a Russian-Chinese alliance empowered enough to control Caspian Sea resources.
- Political Geography:
- Russia, United States, China, Europe, Eurasia, Kazakhstan, and Turkmenistan
215. Urban Image Construction in Macau in the First Decade after the "Handover", 1999-2008
- Author:
- Hendrik Tieben
- Publication Date:
- 01-2009
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Institution:
- German Institute of Global and Area Studies
- Abstract:
- This paper describes the transformation of Macau's urban image in the first decade after the "handover" of the Portuguese enclave to the People's Republic of China (PRC). In the pre-handover years and the first years of the newly established Macau Special Administrative Region (MSAR), urban interventions created an image thought to assure the continuity of Macau's Eurasian identity along with future financial stability. In 2002, with the governmental decision not to renew the local gambling monopoly, Macau's urban image was radically transformed. The liberalization of the gambling industry after Macau's return to the PRC was combined with the deregulation of building heights, developer-friendly land sales, a growing number of migrant workers, and the liberalization of travel restrictions for mainland visitors. These deregulations were based on decisions by the MSAR and the PRC governments, respectively, and led to the exponential growth of Macau's GDP within only six years. This paper describes how, through these decisions, Macau's urban image and space have been transformed.
- Political Geography:
- China and Eurasia
216. The Tulip Revolution: Kyrgyzstan One Year After
- Author:
- Erica Marat
- Publication Date:
- 09-2009
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Uluslararasi Iliskiler
- Institution:
- Uluslararasi Iliskiler
- Abstract:
- Erica Marat tarafından kaleme alınan The Tulip Revolution: Kyrgyzstan One Year After (Lale Devrimi: Bir Yıl Sonra Kırgızistan) başlıklı bu kitap, Kırgızistan'da 24 Mart 2005 tarihinde Kırgız halkının büyük baskısı sonucu Cumhurbaşkanı Askar Akayev'in iktidardan uzaklaştırılması ile gerçekleşen ve Lale Devrimi olarak adlandırılan olaylardan sonraki bir yıllık süreci tüm ayrıntılarıyla ele almaktadır. Aslen bir Kırgız olan Erica Marat, bu özelliŞinin saŞladıŞı avantajı kullanarak Lale Devriminden sonraki bir yıl içerisinde Kırgızistan'ın iç ve dış politikasının nasıl şekillendiŞini, Jamestown Foundation'a baŞlı olan Eurasia Daily Monitor'de yayınlan yazılarından yararlanarak tarihsel bir şekilde anlatmaktadır. Erica Marat'ın ülkesinin iç dinamiklerini çok iyi bilen bir araştırmacı olması ve yerel kaynaklardan yararlanabilmesi eserine özgünlük katmıştır. Kitap, Lale Devrimi'nin yıldönümünde yayınlamış olması ve bu bir yılda yaşanılanları sıcaŞı sıcaŞına anlatması bakımından da oldukça ilgi çekicidir. Söz konusu kitapta, özellikle 24 Mart'ta yaşanılanlardan sonra kurulan geçici hükümetle birlikte daha önce Akayev hükümetinde görev almış fakat Akayev tarafından siyasetten uzaklaştırıldıktan sonra muhalefete katılmış Kurmanbek Bakiyev'in Kırgız siyaset sahnesindeki konumu anlatılmaktadır. Ayrıca, kitapta Kırgızistan'da 24 Mart sonrası geçiş döneminde yaşanılan istikrar sorunları, Özbekistan'da gerçekleşen Andican olaylarının komşusu Kırgızistan'a nasıl yansıdıŞı, ülkedeki Amerikan ve Rus üslerinin durumu, Kırgızistan'daki CumhurbaşkanlıŞı seçimleri sırasında ve sonrasında Lale Devrimine imza atan liderler arasında yaşanan çekişmelere yer verilmektedir. Buna ek olarak, kitapta yer alan diŞer önemli bir unsur ise Lale Devrimi ardından, yeni bir Cumhurbaşkanı ve yeni bir iktidarla birlikte Kırgızistan'da ülkenin baŞımsızlıŞını kazanmasından beri var olan yolsuzluk, nepotizm, bölgesel kayırmacılık, mafya-siyaset ilişkisi ve demokratikleşme gibi konuların nasıl bir aşama geçirdiŞidir. Tüm bu noktalara deŞinirken yazar tarafsızlıŞını korumak adına kendi görüşlerini dile getirmekten mümkün oldukça kaçınmıştır. Hatta yazarın bu dönemle ilgi diŞer yazıları göz önünde bulundurulduŞunda üslubunun çok yumuşak olduŞu söylenilebilir. Yazarın konuları ele alırken Kırgız halkı ile yaptıŞı röportajlara yer vermesi anlatımını büyük ölçüde zenginleştirmekte ve hem iç politikada hem de dış politikada yaşanılanlar konusunda Kırgızların neler düşündüŞünü okuyucuya net bir şekilde yansıtmaktadır.
- Political Geography:
- Eurasia and Kyrgyzstan
217. Growing Pains
- Author:
- Richard Weitz
- Publication Date:
- 10-2009
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- The Journal of International Security Affairs
- Institution:
- Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs
- Abstract:
- No abstract is available.
- Political Geography:
- Eurasia
218. Foreword
- Publication Date:
- 01-2008
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Romanian Journal of Political Science
- Institution:
- Romanian Academic Society
- Abstract:
- Since the collapse of communism and communist states from 1989-1992, the twenty-eight states that currently comprise postcommunist Europe and Eurasia have evolved to different political directions. Some regimes in this region have completed a transition to democracy; others have been arrested at some point on the path to democracy and became a sort of 'defective democracies'; and still others have yet to break with the communist past. This issue focuses on this middle-ground category: countries where elections are regularly held, but the behavior of political actors, notably the government, but not only, is not always democratic. Albania, Moldova, Belarus, Ukraine, Russia, the Caucasus countries present a great variation among themselves, but have also something in common: they do not fit well the classic patterns of either democracy or authoritarianism. The regional trend, particularly noticeable over the past decade, showed hybrid regimes resisting to political change - either in the direction of becoming authentic democracies or reverting back to dictatorship. The purpose of this issue is to explore the lessons for democratization that can be drawn from the postcommunist experience over the past seventeen years. First, what explains defective democracies? Second, what can and cannot be transferred from successful Central Europe to the rest of countries? Finally, is there still a future for democracy promotion in postcommunist Europe?
- Topic:
- Government
- Political Geography:
- Russia, Europe, Eurasia, Ukraine, Moldova, Albania, Central Europe, and Belarus
219. Representation and Democracy in Eurasia's Unrecognized States: The Case of Transnistria
- Author:
- Oleh Protsyk
- Publication Date:
- 06-2008
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- European Centre for Minority Issues
- Abstract:
- Like the majority of modern states, non-recognized or de facto states are governed indirectly through elected representatives who are entrusted with the task of carrying out most of the functions of government. Issues of representation are central to an understanding of modern polities and have therefore generated substantial academic interest with regard to the identity and performance of representatives. Non-recognized states have largely been spared such detailed scrutiny of their domestic politics and patterns of representation, even though requests by these states for recognition draw increasingly on claims to democratically-secured genuine representation.
- Topic:
- Democratization and Politics
- Political Geography:
- Europe, Eurasia, and Asia
220. Special Report No. 215: Whither Peace Operations?
- Author:
- Donald C. F. Daniel
- Publication Date:
- 10-2008
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- Much progress has been achieved over the last decade and a half in the development and use of peace operations as a tool to quell conflicts, but there are limits to how much more progress can be expected. The number of troop contributors and troops deployed to peace operations has recently reached unprecedented highs, but the bulk of troops came from a limited number of states. The relationship between the United Nations and non-UN peacekeepers seems for the most part complementary. Nonetheless, the rise in non-UN peace operations has probably led to the United Nations becoming too dependent on too small a base of lesser-developed states. The characteristics of most troop contributors (e.g., type of governance, national quality of life, ground-force size) correlate with their level of contribution, but even politically willing nations with the “right” characteristics can likely deploy only a small percentage of their troops to operations at any one time. While Europe and Africa have achieved the most progress in developing institutional capacities, each continent confronts problems of interinstitutional relations and resource shortages. Russia's hegemonic role in Eurasia and the United States' historical legacy in Latin America have hindered development of comprehensive institutional capacities for peace operations in each region. East Asia may slowly be moving beyond ideational strictures that crippled efforts to develop regional capacities. Institutional progress is not expected in South Asia and the Middle East, and states of each region should not be expected to send military units to intraregional operations. Nearly all South Asian countries, however, will be major players in UN operations. A few exceptions aside, Mideast states will remain bit players on the world scene. Demand for easy or moderately challenging operations will generally be met, but the hazardous missions most apt to occur will be called for by states possessing the wherewithal to take them on and bring others along.
- Topic:
- Conflict Resolution, Conflict Prevention, International Cooperation, Peace Studies, and United Nations
- Political Geography:
- Africa, Russia, United States, Europe, South Asia, Eurasia, Middle East, East Asia, and Latin America