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Begin New Search Publishing Institution School of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University

71. Nuclear Iran is Not an Option: A New Negotiating Strategy to Prevent Iran from Developing Nuclear Weapons

Author:
Alon Ben-Meir
Publication Date:
03-2009
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
The Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations
Institution:
School of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University
Abstract:
The relationship between the United States and Iran has increasingly been deteriorating, especially since Tehran began to flex its muscles following the Iraq war in 2003 and continues with its insistence on maintaining its uranium enrichment program. Both sides have grievances against each other that date back to the 1979 Iranian Revolution and beyond. The lack of understanding demonstrated by both sides—of the other's national psyche, history, religion, culture and strategic interests—has compounded the problems and hampered any tangible progress. The Bush Administration's refusal to negotiate directly with Tehran and its preoccupation with Iraq has played to the advantage of the clergy, allowing them time for nuclear advancement with impunity.
Political Geography:
United States, Iraq, and Iran

72. Free Riders, Side Payments, and International Environmental Agreements: Is Kyoto Failing Because Montreal Succeeded?

Author:
Nadra Hashim
Publication Date:
03-2009
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
The Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations
Institution:
School of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University
Abstract:
Domestic laws concerning environmental pollution have always been divisive. When they are framed as international law, they become even more contentious. This is especially true in the current era where there has been notable recalcitrance on the part of India, China, and the United States to sign the Kyoto Protocol, a treaty which seeks to regulate world-wide carbon dioxide emissions. Yet, an examination of recent history suggests that there has been some success in at least one area of international law governing the regulation of environmental pollution. The Montreal Protocol, which induced its signatories to end the production and utilization of chloroflourocarbons (CFCs) is a testament to the notion that international law can sustain environmental protection.
Political Geography:
United States, China, and India

73. Beyond Exceptionalists and Opportunists: A Proposition for an Unbiased Human Rights Diplomacy

Author:
Michele Acuto
Publication Date:
03-2009
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
The Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations
Institution:
School of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University
Abstract:
The issue of human rights strikes at the heart of global socio-political discourse, and assumes crucial relevance for diplomacy when considered with contemporary tendencies such as globalization, homogenization of cultures, and the rise of nationalism. Arguably, the most important role of diplomats is to assure peaceful interactions between actors in the international system, and prevent conflict amongst these actors, rather than merely promoting one's national interests at the detriment of peace. If this is truly the case, then the survival of the core element that ultimately constitutes such a system—humankind—is a key concern of diplomacy. Hence, the living conditions of the 6.6 billion individuals that inhabit the Earth, and their fundamental rights, must be seriously considered in mediation agendas of the third millennium. For this reason, human rights and diplomacy can be described as deeply interconnected in current global trends.

74. The African Growth and Opportunity Act and Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author:
James S. Guseh and Emmanuel O. Oritsejafor
Publication Date:
03-2009
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
The Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations
Institution:
School of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University
Abstract:
Since most sub-Saharan African countries gained independence from colonial rule in the 1960s and 1970s, achieving economic growth and development has been a central objective of governments in the region, as well as international donor organizations. The Organization of African Unity—now the African Union—was established (among other initiatives) to promote development at the economic, social, and cultural levels, and to foster the integration of African economies. In order to address specific regional concerns, organizations such as the Economic Community of West African States, East African Community, and Southern African Development Community, were also established. At the same time, several international organizations, including the United Nations, African Development Bank, World Bank, and International Monetary Fund, expressed their commitment to improving economic conditions in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) through billions of dollars worth of funding and various forms of policy consultation. In addition to the support from these international organizations, governments of many developed countries have also provided vast amounts of development assistance.
Topic:
United Nations
Political Geography:
Africa and East Africa

75. After War. The Political Economy of Exporting Democracy

Author:
Jayne Du
Publication Date:
03-2009
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
The Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations
Institution:
School of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University
Abstract:
Written in a prose of similar to that of Machiavelli's Prince and adapted to the political regime of the twenty-first century, Christopher Coyne's After War provides a policy outlook of framing risks and incentives of reconstruction, with engagement as a main tool used in United States foreign policy to export principles of Western liberalism. The exportation of values is usually concurrent with engagement in a war and as conditions of reconstruction become established, the main tenets of liberalism under democracy and free trade are hopefully sustained and supported by established institutions. This is the central thesis of Coyne's book: to understand how liberal political regimes are exported and developed, barring any reliance on excessive uses of force and military engagement. This story of reconstruction starts in the ashes of World War II and the Cold War, where early and more sanguine efforts in reconstruction evolved into the economic houses of Japan and Western Germany. Yet, Coyne seeks understanding not in the rosy images, but in the stories of contention that still rise from the ashes of US current involvements, namely in Somalia and Haiti; and more recently in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Political Geography:
Afghanistan, United States, Japan, Iraq, Germany, Haiti, and Somalia

76. Message from the Editor

Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
The Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations
Institution:
School of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University
Abstract:
A week after the 2007-2008 executive staff for the Whitehead Journal had been selected, our first task was to determine the theme for the next issue. As the executive staff soon learned, it would be a deceptively simple undertaking. While there were many issues worthy of discussion and many opinions from the academic forum to be heard, we found ourselves searching for something distinct and penetrating: we were searching for something more particular.
Political Geography:
Cuba and Latin America

77. The US and Latin America: Repairing a Damaged Relationship

Author:
Peter Hakim
Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
The Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations
Institution:
School of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University
Abstract:
Repairing the US relationship with Latin America will be a formidable challenge for the United States, regardless of who is elected president next year. Trust and credibility have to be restored among the region's leaders and ordinary citizens. The anti-Americanism that has taken hold in the region has to be reversed while the practice of political and economic cooperation has to be restored; however, the prospects for success do not depend only on Washington. The governments of Latin America and the Caribbean will also have to do their share to rebuild cooperation in the Americas, despite having lost confidence in the US as a reliable partner.
Topic:
Economics
Political Geography:
Washington, Latin America, and Caribbean

78. Democratic Transformation in Latin America

Author:
Jennifer L. McCoy
Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
The Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations
Institution:
School of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University
Abstract:
We are currently witnessing a demand to expand citizenship to civil and social realms in Latin America, the region of the world with the most unequal income distribution. This may be seen as a new stage of democratization within the Third Wave begun in 1978, one that inherently creates conflict over the redistribution of power and resources.
Political Geography:
Latin America

79. Peace Without Security: Central America in the 21st Cetury

Author:
Richard Millett and Thomas Shannon Stiles
Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
The Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations
Institution:
School of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University
Abstract:
During the last decades of the twentieth century, Central America became a battleground between the major ideologies of the bipolar system. Tens of thousands died; hundreds of thousands fled the region. With the end of the Cold War, these conflicts finally ended through negotiated peace agreements and relatively free elections, and many believed that security would inevitably follow. The hope was that the Washington Consensus and free market economies would guarantee economic recovery and stability. Instead, what emerged was an era of peace without security. Threats to the government and to the safety of the population were no longer from traditional guerilla movements or draconian state measures, but a rising tide of violent crime, both organized and disorganized, both transnational and domestic. Michael Shifter of the Inter-American Dialogue notes that while Central America civil wars have ended, “the problem of physical insecurity—aggravated by the availability of arms—persists, and may even be more acute than before.” As a Salvadoran working in Washington, D.C. expressed it, “It is much more dangerous for me to go home now than it was during the war.” Crime has become not only a major security concern, but a dominant domestic political issue. In Honduras, for example, one successful presidential candidacy resulted from the fact that the candidate's son had been murdered, giving credibility to his pledge to crack down on crime.
Topic:
Cold War
Political Geography:
Washington and Central America

80. Planning For Succession in Cuba: the Long 'Anti-Transition'

Author:
Antoni Kapcia
Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
The Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations
Institution:
School of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University
Abstract:
Even before Fidel Castro announced (July 31, 2006) a temporary handover of power to his First Vice-President and brother, Raúl, the discussion outside Cuba of the post-Fidel 'succession' was—and continues to be—underpinned by several assumptions.
Political Geography:
Cuba