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22. Afghan Narcotrafficking: A Joint Threat Assessment
- Author:
- Jacqueline McLaren Miller
- Publication Date:
- 11-2013
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- EastWest Institute
- Abstract:
- More than a decade after the United States and allied troops began military operations in Afghanistan, the country remains a major conflict zone. Afghanistan's continuing instability constitutes the largest security issue in the region. The country's role as the center of global opiate production contributes heavily to this instability. The grave social, economic, political, and security implications of the trafficking of the Afghan opiates extend beyond the regions of South, Southwest, and Central Asia. The opium economy in Afghanistan has become deeply entrenched and shows no signs of declining. Inside Afghanistan, narcotrafficking contributes to insecurity and feeds corruption, warlords, and insurgents. All this vastly complicates the prospects of the Afghan central government consolidating its power and effectively governing. Compounding these issues is the scheduled withdrawal of NATO forces from Afghanistan in 2014 and the ongoing drawdown of U.S. troops.
- Topic:
- Conflict Resolution, Security, War on Drugs, Counterinsurgency, and Narcotics Trafficking
- Political Geography:
- Afghanistan, United States, and Central Asia
23. Seeking Solutions for Afghanistan
- Publication Date:
- 03-2011
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- EastWest Institute
- Abstract:
- The governments of Afghanistan and Pakistan have accepted a generous proposal from the government of Abu Dhabi to host a series of meetings facilitated by the East West Institute (EWI) to complement existing channels of communication between the two countries. Participants in the series, known as the Abu Dhabi Process, discuss areas of their relationship they believe will help build confidence, ensure greater stability, and enhance sustainable development in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The meetings are off-the-record, consultative in nature, and governed by the Chatham House Rule.
- Topic:
- Conflict Resolution, Islam, War, Armed Struggle, and Counterinsurgency
- Political Geography:
- Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Abu Dhabi
24. First Joint Russian-U.S. report on Cyber Conflict
- Author:
- Karl Rauscher and Andrey Korotkov
- Publication Date:
- 02-2011
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- EastWest Institute
- Abstract:
- In the spirit of the reset of relations between Moscow and Washington, Russian and U.S. security and cyber experts undertook to model new cooperative behavior for dealing with the most challenging security topic of our age: cybersecurity. Until now, the conventional wisdom has been that setting the “rules of the road” for cyber conflict would be both tedious and extraordinarily difficult. In this first effort, the joint team demonstrated that progress can be and is being made. This paper presents five joint recommendations that are immediately actionable and, if implemented, would be effective in preserving key humanitarian principles of the Laws of War. The progress demonstrated here can serve as a catalyst for further progress to achieve that goal. This joint paper presents the consensus findings of the Russian and U.S. experts on the Rendering of the Geneva and Hague Conventions in Cyberspace. The work is a product of a Track 2 bilateral program that seeks to open dialogue, build sustainable trust and have a positive impact in the most difficult, most critical areas for international security. In recent history, Russia and the United States have had an outsized influence on international issues. When these two countries can agree on a common approach to any particular problem, other countries are prone to listen seriously. For that reason, top experts from Russia and the United States agreed to tackle the problem of cybersecurity together. The hope is that other countries will join in this process.
- Topic:
- Science and Technology, Treaties and Agreements, and Bilateral Relations
- Political Geography:
- Russia, United States, Europe, Washington, and Asia
25. A New Road for Preventive Action: Report from the first Global Conference on Preventive
- Author:
- Matthew King
- Publication Date:
- 06-2011
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- EastWest Institute
- Abstract:
- A gap continues to exist between the international community's rhetoric about conflict prevention and its responsibility to protect people from severe human rights violations. The record of human misery caused by violent conflict is testimony to the chronic lack of political will to respond collectively to new and emerging threats to peace. The ineffectiveness of many global efforts at preventive diplomacy is evidence that traditional diplomatic approaches, including the use of force, simply may not work.
- Topic:
- Conflict Prevention, Security, International Cooperation, and Peacekeeping
26. Russia, the United States, and Cyber Diplomacy: Opening the Doors
- Author:
- Greg Austin and Franz-Stefan Gady
- Publication Date:
- 09-2010
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- EastWest Institute
- Abstract:
- Russia and the United States have been unable to establish a common understanding in their bilateral diplomacy on most aspects of cyber security. In spite of a 1998 declaration of their interest in joint leadership of global responses to cyber security challenges, the two countries have acted more often than not like enemies guarding sensitive national security secrets rather than as allies committed to protecting common interests in the global digital economy and the socially networked world.
- Topic:
- Security, Diplomacy, Science and Technology, and Bilateral Relations
- Political Geography:
- Russia and United States
27. Seeking Solutions for Afghanistan: A Report on the Abu Dhabi Process
- Publication Date:
- 08-2010
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- EastWest Institute
- Abstract:
- The governments of Afghanistan and Pakistan have accepted a generous proposal from the government of Abu Dhabi to host a series of meetings facilitated by the East West Institute (EWI) to complement existing channels of communication between the two countries. Participants in the series, known as the Abu Dhabi Process, discuss areas of their relationship they believe will help build confidence, ensure greater stability, and enhance sustainable development in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The meetings are off-the-record, consultative in nature, and governed by the Chatham House Rule.
- Topic:
- Conflict Resolution, Peace Studies, and Armed Struggle
- Political Geography:
- Pakistan, Afghanistan, Arabia, and Abu Dhabi
28. Rights and Responsibilities in Cyberspace: Balancing the Need for Security and Liberty
- Author:
- Jody R. Westby, Henning Wegener, and William Barletta
- Publication Date:
- 08-2010
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- EastWest Institute
- Abstract:
- Cyber war has become the drumbeat of the day. Nation-states are developing national strategies, creating offensive and defensive cyber war capabilities, conduct-ing cyber reconnaissance missions, and engaging in cyber attacks, all with alarming frequency. What is blatantly apparent is that far more financial resources and intel-lectual capital are being spent figuring out how to conduct cyber warfare than are being spent figuring out how to prevent it. The lack of international dialogue and activity with respect to the containment of cyber warfare is simply stunning. As Winston Churchill famously noted, “It is bet-ter to jaw-jaw than to war-war.” It is time for governments to begin discussions aimed at assuring an agreed-upon level of geo-cyber stability through mutual cooperation and international law.
- Topic:
- Security, Diplomacy, International Cooperation, and War
- Political Geography:
- Moscow and Brussels
29. The Cybersecurity Agenda: Mobilizing for International Action
- Author:
- Kamlesh Bajaj
- Publication Date:
- 06-2010
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- EastWest Institute
- Abstract:
- Cyberspace comprises IT networks, computer resources, and all the fixed and mobile devices connected to the global Internet. A nation's cyberspace is part of the global cyberspace; it cannot be isolated to define its boundaries since cyberspace is borderless. This is what makes cyberspace unique. Unlike the physical world that is limited by geographical boundaries in space—land, sea, river waters, and air—cyberspace can and is continuing to expand. Increased Internet penetration is leading to growth of cyberspace, since its size is proportional to the activities that are carried through it.
- Topic:
- Crime, Globalization, Science and Technology, and Terrorism
30. Navigating Climate Change: An Agenda for U.S.-Chinese Cooperation
- Author:
- Jacqueline McLaren Miller and Piin-Fen Kok
- Publication Date:
- 05-2010
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- EastWest Institute
- Abstract:
- Between June 2009 and January 2010, the East West Institute (EWI) began exploring how the United States, China, and the international community could build strategic trust through cooperation on climate change and climate security. EWI examined this issue through policy discussions in several forums: Track 2 processes such as the U.S.-China High Level Security Dialogue and the U.S.-China-Europe Trialogue21 initiative; a roundtable session in New York; and the U.S.-China Working Group on Climate Change—a group of Chinese and American experts convened with the support of the Connect U.S. Fund who met before and after Copenhagen to assess progress and to determine ways to move forward.
- Topic:
- Climate Change, Environment, International Cooperation, and Bilateral Relations
- Political Geography:
- United States, China, New York, and Europe