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12. What Growth Strategies Do Citizens Want? Evidence from a New Survey
- Author:
- Lucio Baccaro, Bjorn Bremer, and Erik Neimanns
- Publication Date:
- 08-2023
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Max Planck Sciences Po Center on Coping with Instability in Market Societies (MaxPo)
- Abstract:
- While research on the economic characteristics of growth models across countries is now extensive, research on the politics of growth models is still in its infancy, even though governments routinely pursue different strategies to generate growth. In particular, we lack evidence on (1) whether citizens have coherent preferences towards growth strategies, (2) what growth strategies citizens prefer, and (3) what shapes their preferences. We address these questions through a new survey of public opinion in Germany, Italy, Sweden, and the United Kingdom, which exemplify different models. We find that preferences for growth strategies are consistent with other policy preferences and are meaningfully structured by class and retirement status, and to a lesser extent by sector of employment. At the same time, differences across class and sector are small, and a large majority of respondents across countries favor wage-led growth. This suggests there is a “representation gap,” since this particular growth strategy is in crisis everywhere.
- Topic:
- Public Opinion, Economic Growth, Representation, Macroeconomics, Comparative Capitalism, and Growth Models
- Political Geography:
- United Kingdom, Europe, Germany, Italy, and Sweden
13. Policy Brief on Women's Agency and Working Environment in the Security Sector
- Author:
- Dea Fetiu and Dorjeta Rukiqi
- Publication Date:
- 06-2023
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Kosovar Centre for Security Studies (KCSS)
- Abstract:
- The primary aim of the current research is twofold. Firstly, we aim to measure the agency of women within the security sector and evaluate the extent to which it is inclusive and accommodating towards a gender perspective. Secondly, our research focuses on evaluating the capacity of institutions within the security sector to address gender-specific challenges and to use gender lens within the security sector. Main findings of this report are: -The low application rates of women to join security institutions, primarily stems from the perception that this field is predominantly for men. This perception affects women working in the sector who encounter a patriarchal mentality undermining their knowledge and expertise compared to their men counterparts. Moreover, women often confront the pressure to conform to societal expectations, compromising their personal freedoms and authentic selves; -Women in the security sector are underrepresented in managerial positions and their ambition to pursue leadership roles is harmed by prejudice and perceived gender roles. The undervaluing and differential treatment of women within the security sector hinders their ambitions and self-esteem, leading to a belief that they are unfit for managerial positions. Moreover, gendered domestic responsibilities create substantial barriers for women in attaining managerial positions and assuming increased responsibilities within the security sector, hindering their career progression; This role significantly hinders women's ability to pursue extensive training programs necessary for career advancement, particularly in the military. -There is a trend of underreporting when it comes to bullying, harassment, or discrimination cases among women in the security sector. As this was described as lack of ‘’reporting culture’’, it refers to the discouraging atmosphere that deters women from coming forward and reporting such incidents. As well as reporting mechanisms are perceived as non-confidential. -There is reluctance to address issues of gender equality in Kosovo Police (KP), while there is continouos request from civil society organizations to cooperate and share data and insights regarding womens’ position and gendered working environment in KP.
- Topic:
- Security, Women, Representation, Institutions, Gender, and Work
- Political Geography:
- Eastern Europe and Kosovo
14. The Representation of the Iranian Nuclear Program in the American Media
- Author:
- Mikail Ugus and Fatma Dogrusozlu
- Publication Date:
- 07-2023
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- The Rest: Journal of Politics and Development
- Institution:
- Centre for Strategic Research and Analysis (CESRAN)
- Abstract:
- This article aims to unfold what sort of ideological representation the Iranian nuclear program has had in two of America's predominant newspapers, the New York Times and the Washington Post (through their headlines). The study, which sets out for this objective, concentrates on Edward Said's work titled "Orientalism", an exclusive theorist of post-colonial theory. In other words, this article will examine the "Islamic Threat" generally described in the West in conjunction with the theoretical framework of Orientalism and the reflection of the Iranian nuclear program in these two newspapers in terms of controlling it. Consequently, in this media news, the Iranian nuclear program is described as an object that might cause harm at any moment through the discourse of the Islamic enemy. Therefore, it is represented that the subject must control this dangerous object.
- Topic:
- Nuclear Power, Media, Representation, Orientalism, Edward Said, New York Times, and Washington Post
- Political Geography:
- Iran, Middle East, North America, and United States of America
15. What Growth Strategies Do Citizens Want? Evidence from a New Survey
- Author:
- Lucio Baccaro, Bjorn Bremer, and Erik Neimanns
- Publication Date:
- 04-2023
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies
- Abstract:
- While research on the economic characteristics of growth models across countries is now extensive, research on the politics of growth models is still in its infancy, even though governments routinely pursue different strategies to generate growth. In particular, we lack evidence on (1) whether citizens have coherent preferences towards growth strategies, (2) what growth strategies citizens prefer, and (3) what shapes their preferences. We address these questions through a new survey of public opinion in Germany, Italy, Sweden, and the United Kingdom, which exemplify different models. We find that preferences for growth strategies are consistent with other policy preferences and are meaningfully structured by class and retirement status, and to a lesser extent by sector of employment. At the same time, differences across class and sector are small, and a large majority of respondents across countries favor wage-led growth. This suggests there is a “representation gap,” since this particular growth strategy is in crisis everywhere.
- Topic:
- Public Opinion, Capitalism, Economic Growth, Representation, and Macroeconomics
- Political Geography:
- Europe and Germany
16. 100 more by 2030! How to create a more gender-balanced democracy
- Author:
- Frances Scott, Rainbow Murray, Kiran Mahil, and Emma Best
- Publication Date:
- 03-2023
- Content Type:
- Video
- Institution:
- Mile End Institute, Queen Mary University of London
- Abstract:
- While there are currently 225 women in the House of Commons, an all-time high, women continue to be underrepresented in Parliament, local government, and public life. To rectify this, @Parliament-cc8sw has set an ambitious target to have 100 more women in Parliament by 2030. On Thursday 23 March, as the UK's major political parties ramp up their efforts to select candidates for next year's general election, this discussion took stock of their efforts. Frances Scott (the founder and director of 50:50 Parliament), Professor Rainbow Murray (QMUL), Kiran Mahil (Labour Women's Network) and Emma Best (Conservative member of the London Assembly) reflected on the success of leading pressure groups and evaluated how much progress has been made in recent years to create a better, more gender-balanced democracy.
- Topic:
- Women, Inequality, Domestic Politics, Representation, and Gender
- Political Geography:
- United Kingdom and Europe
17. Breaking the Glass Chamber: Keynote Lecture by Prof Sarah Childs on New Labour's Women MPs
- Author:
- Sarah Childs
- Publication Date:
- 01-2023
- Content Type:
- Video
- Institution:
- Mile End Institute, Queen Mary University of London
- Abstract:
- 2022 marks a series of historic anniversaries for women in British politics. Forty years since the election of Harriet Harman, the Mother of the House; thirty-five years since the election of the first Black woman MP, Diane Abbott; thirty years since the first woman, Betty Boothroyd, was elected Speaker of the House; and twenty-five years since the election of more than a hundred women MPs for the Labour Party. At its landmark Breaking the Glass Chamber conference from 15 to 17 September 2022, the Mile End Institute brought together historians, political scientists, and sociologists to explore what politics meant to and for women in the second half of the twentieth century. In this video, Professor Sarah Childs delivers a keynote lecture which brings together the key themes of the Breaking the Glass Chamber conference and reflects on whether there has been a 'feminization' of British politics since 1997. Sarah returns to some of her earliest work about how New Labour's women MPs experienced being in Parliament, whether they acted as role models for other women, and explores the complicated relationship between women's descriptive and substantive representation.
- Topic:
- Women, Domestic Politics, Representation, and Labour Party
- Political Geography:
- United Kingdom and Europe
18. Breaking the Glass Chamber: Women's Political Careers in Britain and Around the World
- Author:
- Lyndsey Jenkins, Minna Cowper-Coles, and Sofia Collignon
- Publication Date:
- 01-2023
- Content Type:
- Video
- Institution:
- Mile End Institute, Queen Mary University of London
- Abstract:
- 2022 marks a series of historic anniversaries for women in British politics. Forty years since the election of Harriet Harman, the Mother of the House; thirty-five years since the election of the first Black woman MP, Diane Abbott; thirty years since the first woman, Betty Boothroyd, was elected Speaker of the House; and twenty-five years since the election of more than a hundred women MPs for the Labour Party. At its landmark Breaking the Glass Chamber conference from 15 to 17 September 2022, the Mile End Institute brought together historians, political scientists, and sociologists to explore what politics meant to and for women in the second half of the twentieth century. In this video, introduced by Dr Lyndsey Jenkins, Dr Sofia Collignon talks to Dr Minna Cowper-Coles about her comparative research on the motivations, challenges, and experiences of women political leaders around the world. Sofia highlights that women leaders are typically highly professionalised, highly skilled, and highly experienced, and notes that 63 per cent have a Masters degree or PhD.
- Topic:
- Elections, Women, Domestic Politics, and Representation
- Political Geography:
- United Kingdom, Europe, and Global Focus
19. Breaking the Glass Chamber: Reflections on Parliamentary Careers
- Author:
- Estelle Morris and Dawn Primarolo
- Publication Date:
- 01-2023
- Content Type:
- Video
- Institution:
- Mile End Institute, Queen Mary University of London
- Abstract:
- 2022 marks a series of historic anniversaries for women in British politics. Forty years since the election of Harriet Harman, the Mother of the House; thirty-five years since the election of the first Black woman MP, Diane Abbott; thirty years since the first woman, Betty Boothroyd, was elected Speaker of the House; and twenty-five years since the election of more than a hundred women MPs for the Labour Party. At its landmark Breaking the Glass Chamber conference from 15 to 17 September 2022, the Mile End Institute brought together historians, political scientists, and sociologists to explore what politics meant to and for women in the second half of the twentieth century. In this session - chaired by Dr Ruth Davidson - Dame Margaret Hodge (MP for Barking and Dagenham, 1994-present), Baroness (Estelle) Morris (MP for Birmingham Yardley, 1992-2005), and Baroness (Dawn) Primarolo (MP for Bristol South, 1987-2015) reflect on their lengthy parliamentary careers and their time in government and offer some lessons for women entering Parliament and public life.
- Topic:
- Politics, Women, Representation, and Parliament
- Political Geography:
- United Kingdom and Europe
20. State of Democracy in Asia and the Pacific: The End of the Decline?
- Author:
- Michael Runey
- Publication Date:
- 12-2023
- Content Type:
- Commentary and Analysis
- Institution:
- East Asia Institute (EAI)
- Abstract:
- International IDEA’s annual Global State of Democracy report shows that across every region of the world, democracy has continued to contract, with declines in at least one indicator of democratic performance in half of all countries assessed in the report. But after five consecutive years of more countries experiencing declines in their democratic quality than improvements, the data shows that this trend may have, in Asia and the Pacific, largely paused after five years of steady declines in most indicators. These findings are based on the Global State of Democracy Indices (GSoD Indices), International IDEA’s quantitative dataset of democratic performance launched in 2015 and containing data from 1975 to the present. The indices measure democratic trends at the national, regional and global levels across a broad range of different categories of democracy and include data for 174 countries across the globe, 35 of which are in Asia and the Pacific. In lieu of a single democracy score, the GSoD Indices measure four main categories of democracy – Representation, Rights, Rule of Law, and Participation - which are based on 157 individual indicators from 20 diverse sources: expert surveys, standards-based coding by research groups and analysts, observational data and composite measures. Each of these four measures is comprised of several of the 17 factors, as seen in Figure 1 below. This data show that in every region of the world, democracy has continued to contract, with declines in at least one indicator of democratic performance in half of the countries covered by the GSoD Indices. But it is in Asia and the Pacific where the trend is most ambiguous and least severe. When we look at five and one year statistically significant trends in the data for the region what we see in 2022 is not continued decline but mostly scores plateauing after years of declines.
- Topic:
- Democracy, Media, Rule of Law, Representation, and Civil Rights
- Political Geography:
- Asia-Pacific