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41. Monitoreo Fiscal Evolución de las Cuentas Públicas 2016

Author:
Fernando Ovando
Publication Date:
03-2017
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Centro de Análisis y Difusión de la Economía Paraguaya (CADEP)
Abstract:
El CADEP presenta el Monitoreo Fiscal Evolución de las Cuentas Públicas que consiste en un instrumento que busca la transparencia y el acceso a la información de las cuentas públicas para dar a conocer a todos los ciudadanos, los orígenes y asignaciones de los recursos públicos. Esto equivale, en términos sencillos, a conocer cuáles son los ingredientes de la torta fiscal y como se distribuye entre todos los invitados. En esta publicación se presenta la evolución de los ingresos tributarios, teniendo en cuenta los principales tipos de impuestos. Posteriormente, se desglosan los gastos de la administración central, entre los gastos operativos y las inversiones, para entender no solamente la evolución si no el peso total de los mismos dentro de la estructura presupuestaria.
Topic:
Budget, Fiscal Policy, Transparency, Public Spending, and Monitoring
Political Geography:
South America and Paraguay

42. Assessing Public Expenditure Governance: A Conceptual and Analytical Framework

Author:
Jacklyn A. Makaaru and George Bogere
Publication Date:
01-2016
Content Type:
Research Paper
Institution:
Advocates Coalition for Development and Environment (ACODE)
Abstract:
Although governance is not a new concept, the concept of public expenditure governance is relatively new. Our defnition of public expenditure governance emphasizes the process and change aspects of interactions between actors, and how these interactions affect public expenditure outcomes. We make a contribution to the discourse on measurement/assessment of governance by developing a framework for assessing public expenditure governance. The assessment of public expenditure governance is imperative because it helps us understand governance issues that, for example, constrain effcient service delivery, accountability, and responsiveness at different decision making points along the public expenditure chain. Measurement and assessment of public expenditure governance should embody a strategy for learning what governance mechanisms are effective, effcient, and robust across different contexts. In this manner, assessment is more diagnostic as opposed to assigning a value to governance of public expenditure as being good or bad or weak or poor. Our view is that diagnostic assessment of public expenditure governance enhances utilization of specifc inputs for policy making and action programs and assesses the relative costs in utilization of resources along the public expenditure chain by creating linkages to specifc public expenditure outcomes.
Topic:
Development, Governance, and Public Spending
Political Geography:
Uganda and Africa

43. Agricultura Familiar: ODM y Gasto Público

Author:
Gerardo Benítez
Publication Date:
09-2016
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Centro de Análisis y Difusión de la Economía Paraguaya (CADEP)
Abstract:
La Agricultura Familiar en el Paraguay ya no cumple con su objetivo de satisfacer la demanda alimentaria del mercado interno. El Paraguay no ha alcanzado las metas propuestas dentro de los Objetivos del Milenio (ODM) para reducir la desnutrición crónica y la desnutrición de embarazadas. Los gastos públicos en apoyo de la Agricultura Familiar se han venido reduciendo en forma sostenida desde el 2012. Estas son tres de las conclusiones del trabajo de Gerardo Benítez sobre la situación de la Agricultura Familiar en el Paraguay y su relación con la seguridad alimentaria. En esta monografía se aborda primeramente la capacidad de la Agricultura Familiar Campesina en la generación de alimentos para la subsistencia y para la renta. En segundo lugar, se presentan los resultados de los ODM en materia de desnutrición para el Paraguay y su vinculación con la Agricultura Familiar. Finalmente se examinan los diversos programas públicos de apoyo a la Agricultura Familiar y la evolución de este apoyo en términos de gastos con relación al PIB y con los gastos totales de la administración pública.
Topic:
Agriculture, Development, Food Security, Farming, and Public Spending
Political Geography:
South America and Paraguay

44. Monitoreo fiscal: Evolución de las cuentas públicas del 2003 al 2015

Author:
Julio Ramírez and Gerardo Benítez
Publication Date:
03-2016
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Centro de Análisis y Difusión de la Economía Paraguaya (CADEP)
Abstract:
La evolución de las cuentas públicas en el Paraguay en los últimos 12 años es objeto del último informe de Monitoreo Fiscal, una publicación del Observatorio Fiscal y Presupuestario (OFIP).En el mismo se analiza la estructura de los ingresos del Estado y su comportamiento de acuerdo a los diferentes tipos de tributos e ingresos no tributarios. También se aborda el tema de los gastos públicos, con énfasis en los gastos sociales. Finalmente se describen los resultados fiscales en todo el período considerado.
Topic:
Budget, Fiscal Policy, Public Spending, and Monitoring
Political Geography:
South America and Paraguay

45. The Problematic of Savings: The Case of Turkey as an Emerging Market Economy

Author:
Emre Alkin
Publication Date:
07-2016
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
AURUM Journal of Social Sciences
Institution:
Altinbas University
Abstract:
This study provides an analysis on the course of private savings in Turkish economy, which are considered to be the primary source of sustainable growth and development. It also discusses the way how growth model adopted by Turkey regulates the relationship between Public Expenditure, Taxes and Private Savings. Based on the results obtained from this analysis, it has been concluded that ever expanding public sector has a negative impact on private savings. As a long term solution, modifying or replacing the current growth model has been ofered. As a short term ofer, there is need to regulate the revenues and expenditures of all public institutions including the Central Government Budget with the support of the legislative authorities to eliminate the negative impact in question.
Topic:
Markets, Budget, Economy, Economic Growth, Tax Systems, Investment, and Public Spending
Political Geography:
Turkey and Middle East

46. Public Expenditure Governance in Uganda’s Education Sector: Application of an Innovative Assessment Framework

Author:
Jacklyn Makaaru Arinaitwe, Kiran Cunningham, Emmanuel Keith Kisaame, Suzie Nansozi Muwanga, and George Bogere
Publication Date:
01-2015
Content Type:
Research Paper
Institution:
Advocates Coalition for Development and Environment (ACODE)
Abstract:
This paper presents a framework for assessing public expenditure governance (PEG) in the education sector. Unlike tools for assessing public financial management, which tend to focus quite specifically on fund management, PEG assessment focuses on inputs, processes and outcomes associated with the governance of public expenditure. Inputs are the laws, policies, rules, regulations, goals and priorities that govern actions and decision-making. The assessment principles associated with the input side of PEG are participation and strategic vision. Processes are the attributes of delivering education, and these processes cover legislation, implementation, auditing, and planning and budgeting. The assessment principles focussing on process are accountability and transparency, both of which are essential if processes are to lead to the desired outcomes. The desired outcomes of PEG are associated with quality education that is equitably, efficiently and effectively delivered. Thus, the assessment principles associated with outcomes are equity, efficiency and effectiveness. In addition to thoroughly defining these principles, this paper also illustrates their use by applying them to the inputs, processes and outcomes of public expenditure governance in Uganda’s education sector.
Topic:
Education, Governance, Transparency, and Public Spending
Political Geography:
Uganda and Africa

47. Making Every Kilometre Count: Prioritising Road Infrastructure Spending

Author:
Zambia Institute for Policy Analysis & Research (ZIPAR)
Publication Date:
01-2014
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Zambia Institute for Policy Analysis and Research (ZIPAR)
Abstract:
There so many factors that influence road projects prioritisation. Considering the highly restrictive public resources at disposal and the huge cost requirements of road projects, cautious programme optimisation is essential. Projects must thus be prioritised according to their costs and net the benefit they are expected to provide. Our report presents an assessment of the relative importance of some road projects, most of them from the Link Zambia 8000 programme and the major trunk roads from Lusaka to major international destinations. In this brief we provide an alternative viewpoint project prioritisation based on transportation efficiency, accessibility and socio-economic factors. The result is a coherent projects evaluation framework that suggests the most feasible projects to invest our limited resources and thus making every kilometre count towards national development.
Topic:
Development, Infrastructure, Governance, and Public Spending
Political Geography:
Africa and Zambia

48. Fiscal Consolidation in a Currency Union: Spending Cuts vs. Tax Hikes

Author:
Christopher J. Erceg and Jesper Linde
Publication Date:
11-2012
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
Abstract:
This paper uses a two country DSGE model to examine the effects of tax-based versus expenditure-based fiscal consolidation in a currency union. We find three key results. First, given limited scope for monetary accommodation, tax-based consolidation tends to have smaller adverse effects on output than expenditure-based consolidation in the near-term, though is more costly in the longer-run. Second, a large expenditure-based consolidation may be counterproductive in the near-term if the zero lower bound is binding, reflecting that output losses rise at the margin. Third, a "mixed strategy" that combines a sharp but temporary rise in taxes with gradual spending cuts may be desirable in minimizing the output costs of fiscal consolidation.
Topic:
Economics, Monetary Policy, Tax Systems, Macroeconomics, Fiscal Policy, Public Spending, and Liquidity
Political Geography:
Global Focus

49. Implementing The Fiscal Responsibility Act At The State Level In Nigeria

Author:
Vanessa Ushie
Publication Date:
10-2010
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Centre for the Study of the Economies of Africa (CSEA)
Abstract:
Fiscal responsibility acts have become increasingly common tools to enhance fiscal prudence and public expenditure transparency in many countries. In Nigeria, fiscal profligacy at the sub-national level has emerged as a major contributor to state corruption and macroeconomic instability.
Topic:
Corruption, Economics, Fiscal Policy, and Public Spending
Political Geography:
Africa and Nigeria

50. El Presupuesto y el Gasto Público en Paraguay: aportes para un mejor entendimiento 2000 – 2009

Author:
Walter A. Zárate
Publication Date:
12-2010
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Centro de Análisis y Difusión de la Economía Paraguaya (CADEP)
Abstract:
Los Estudios sobre Finanzas Públicas son preparados en el marco del proyecto Observatorio Fiscal y Presupuestario (OFIP), iniciativa del Centro de Análisis y Difusión de la Economía Paraguaya (CADEP), con el apoyo de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID).
Topic:
Governance, Economy, Fiscal Policy, and Public Spending
Political Geography:
South America and Paraguay