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1091. China’s Future SSBN Command and Control Structure

Author:
David C. Logan
Publication Date:
05-2017
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Institute for National Strategic Studies (INSS), National Defense University
Abstract:
China is developing its first credible sea-based nuclear forces. This emergent nuclear ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) force will pose unique challenges to a country that has favored tightly centralized control over its nuclear deterrent. The choices China makes about SSBN command and control will have important implications for strategic stability. Despite claims that the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Rocket Force will be responsible for all Chinese nuclear forces, Chinese SSBNs currently appear to be under the control of the PLA Navy. However, China may choose to revise its command and control structures as its SSBNs begin armed deterrent patrols. There are three broad command and control models, allocating varying degrees of authority to the PLA Navy or the Rocket Force.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

1092. Understanding the grant approval process

Author:
SVRI
Publication Date:
12-2017
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
The Sexual Violence Research Initiative
Abstract:
The Sexual Violence Research Initiative (SVRI), in partnership with the World Bank Group (WBG), awards grants through the Development Marketplace Awards for innovative research on how to improve responses to and prevent gender-based violence – a severe and neglected problem affecting more than one in three women worldwide and a major challenge for global development. These grants range from $40 000 to $100 000 over a two-year period
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

1093. Preventing risky behaviours among adolescents in conflict-affected communities.

Author:
SVRI
Publication Date:
12-2017
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
The Sexual Violence Research Initiative
Abstract:
The eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is slowly rebuilding after more than 20 years of conflict. Because of the prolonged conflict, adolescents living in rural areas are particularly vulnerable to risky behaviour, such as drinking alcohol and using violence. This study builds on a successful partnership with PAIDEK, an established Congolese microfinance organisation, to examine locals’ perceptions of youth engagement in alcohol consumption and violence, and the consequences of these behaviours
Topic:
Gender Issues and International Affairs
Political Geography:
Democratic Republic of Congo

1094. Does education affect women’s likelihood of experiencing sexual and intimate partner violence?

Author:
SVRI
Publication Date:
04-2017
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
The Sexual Violence Research Initiative
Abstract:
Global levels of gender-based violence, occurring at all socioeconomic levels, are unacceptably high. However, existing evidence that education can protect against gender-based violence, largely observational in nature, is mixed. A better understanding of the causal link between education and reduced risk of gender-based violence is important to inform the design of promising interventions in this area
Topic:
Gender Issues and International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

1095. Assessing the effectiveness of the Together to End Violence Against Women programme in reducing intimate partner violence.

Author:
SVRI
Publication Date:
01-2017
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
The Sexual Violence Research Initiative
Abstract:
Gender-based violence is widespread in Tanzania: 44 percent of married women have experienced physical and/or sexual violence from partners. To date, research on intimate partner violence has been limited, especially on the effectiveness of prevention efforts that target structural drivers of this type of violence in low- and middle-income countries.
Topic:
International Affairs and Gender Based Violence
Political Geography:
Tanzania

1096. The Sexual Violence Research Initiative Forum

Author:
SVRI
Publication Date:
01-2017
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
The Sexual Violence Research Initiative
Abstract:
The Sexual Violence Research Initiative (SVRI) – a global network of more than 5 000 members – promotes research on sexual and other forms of violence against women and children in low and middle-income countries to influence policy and practice. It does this by gathering and sharing information, funding research, building capacity through various workshops and events, and holding the SVRI Forum every two years. The SVRI Forum is a vibrant, informative and safe space for researchers, civil society, policy-makers, donors and others to share and learn about research, developments and innovations in the field of gender-based violence. It is the largest conference dedicated to research on prevention of and responses to violence against women and children.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

1097. Can targeting men reduce intimate partner violence?

Author:
SVRI
Publication Date:
01-2017
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
The Sexual Violence Research Initiative
Abstract:
Violence against women is widespread in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): nearly one in four women has experienced conflict-related sexual violence and nearly two-thirds have experienced violence from a male partner.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Democratic Republic of Congo

1098. Improving children’s cognitive and socio-emotional development through book-sharing.

Author:
SVRI
Publication Date:
01-2017
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
The Sexual Violence Research Initiative
Abstract:
Poverty places children at risk of not achieving their developmental potential. Factors such as lack of cognitive stimulation, harsh parenting practices and aggression in early childhood hinder development and may result in future violent behaviour. Interventions that target the intersection between early childhood development, parenting and early violence prevention are needed to address these problems.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

1099. Western Denial and Russian Control How Russia’s National Security Strategy Threatens a WesternBased Approach to Global Security, the Rule of Law and Globalization

Author:
Håkan Gunneriusson and Sascha Dov Bachmann
Publication Date:
12-2017
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Institution:
Polish Political Science Association (PPSA)
Abstract:
The Russian National Security Strategy of 2015 aims at achieving autarky from Western influences on global security, the rule of law and global trade. Russia aims at attaining this by applying a holistic mix of military, political and economic means to weaken the West and to strengthen its own role as a global player. The Russian approach builds on a strategy of reflexive control which as such is an old method, but the outcome of the application of this approach results in hybrid warfare which as such is a new emerging concept of warfighting. This short article looks at one particular aspect of this Russian strategy, namely using Hybrid, or non-linear, Warfare against its Western direct neighbours in particular and the West in general. We will discuss the underlying cultural logic in Russia’s actions and will reflect on the impact of Russia’s utilization of the existing cultural asymmetry as a form of warfare in regard to the West. The examples used in this text are taken from the context of the conflicts of Ukraine and Syria, but have to be seen as constituting a part of an on-going global conflict aimed at NATO and the EU. The text builds on years of research within the hybrid threat, warfare respectively, context by both authors.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

1100. Central and Eastern European Countries under Cyberthreats

Author:
Joanna Świątkowska
Publication Date:
12-2017
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Institution:
Polish Political Science Association (PPSA)
Abstract:
The paper aims to analyse how information warfare can be conducted in cyberspace and to look at this issue from the perspective of Central and Eastern European Countries. It argues that this form of hostile actions will be increasingly utilized in the region. The main assumption, following Alvin Toffler’s theory, is that ‘information’ – as an increasingly important element of modern societies and as their strategic resource – also serves as a significant tool of modern conflicts. Since information is nowadays strongly related to new technologies, mainly the aspects connected to cybersecurity are analysed. The article looks closer at different aspects of cyberthreats and explains their possible consequences. It may serve as good material for further research and recommendations on countermeasures that may increase security in Europe.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Central Europe