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411. Sarkozy og Vichy-syndromet

Author:
Cecilie Felicia Stokholm Banke
Publication Date:
12-2008
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Danish Institute for International Studies
Abstract:
Den franske præsident gjorde sig i begyndelsen af 2008 bemærket med sit forslag om Holocaust-undervisning for alle børn i 10-års alderen. Men Frankrig har længe været foregangsland for bevarelsen af mindet om Holocaust. Sarkozy gør reelt, hvad andre regeringsledere har gjort før ham. Han inddrager Holocaust – Shoah – i sin egen politiske strategi. Og det siger mere om, hvilken betydning mindet om Holocaust har i den internationale politiske kultur, end det siger om Sarkozy.
Topic:
Education, Genocide, and Politics
Political Geography:
Europe

412. Changing the Game: The Federal Role in Supporting 21st Century Educational Innovation

Author:
Sara Mead and Andrew J. Rotherham
Publication Date:
10-2008
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
The Brookings Institution
Abstract:
To resolve dramatic disparities in educational achievement and ensure future American workers are globally competitive, the federal government needs, as it has in the past, to change the game in public education. A robust new federal Office of Educational Entrepreneurship and Innovation within the Department of Education would expand the boundaries of public education by scaling up successful educational entrepreneurs, seeding transformative educational innovations, and building a stronger culture to support these activities throughout the public sector.
Topic:
Education
Political Geography:
United States

413. Markets vs. Monopolies in Education: A Global Review of the Evidence

Author:
Andrew J. Coulson
Publication Date:
09-2008
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
The Cato Institute
Abstract:
Would large-scale, free-market reforms improve educational outcomes forAmerican children?That question cannot be answered by looking at domestic evidence alone. Though innumerable “school choice” programs have been implemented around theUnited States, none has created a truly free and competitive education marketplace. Existing programs are too small, too restriction laden, or both. To understand how genuine market forces affect school performance, wemust cast a wider net, surveying education systems from all over the globe. The present paper undertakes such a review, assessing the results of 25 years of international research comparing market and government provision of education, and explaining why these international experiences are relevant to theUnited States.
Topic:
Education and Government
Political Geography:
United States

414. Unbearable Burden? Living and Paying Student Loans as a First-Year Teacher

Author:
Neal McCluskey
Publication Date:
12-2008
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
The Cato Institute
Abstract:
It is widely believed that starting public school teacher salaries are too low, and student loan burdens are too high. If true, we could be facing a situation in which recent college graduates cannot afford to go into teaching because they will be unable to repay their college debts. Public policies are already being formulated on the basis of that conclusion.
Topic:
Economics and Education

415. Simulation Use in the Undergraduate Classroom

Author:
Matthew J. Sheiffer
Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Department of Social Sciences at West Point, United States Military Academy
Abstract:
The use of simulation exercises in undergraduate international relations courses is not new. Yet, many instructors faced with large classes full of students with little experience in the subject matter avoid this tool in favor of more traditional classroom techniques. This paper reports on the results following the introduction of a simulation exercise into a large, introductory undergraduate course in international relations in order to explore the validity of views that simulations are inappropriate tools for large undergraduate courses.
Topic:
International Relations and Education
Political Geography:
United States

416. La relación entre los servicios de inteligencia y las universidades: la formación en lenguas de interés estratégico (The relationship between Intelligence Services and Universities. Training in Languages of Strategic Interest)

Author:
Eugenio R. Lujan
Publication Date:
10-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Athena Intelligence Journal
Institution:
Athena Intelligence
Abstract:
La competencia en lenguas extranjeras ha sido desde siempre un factor clave para el adecuado funcionamiento de los servicios de inteligencia. Sin embargo, los cambios en la situación geoestratégica habidos en los últimos años han hecho que resulte imprescindible contar con personal competente en algunas lenguas minoritarias o habladas por poblaciones muy distantes geográficamente pero que son gran importancia por razones de seguridad y defensa. Tras un breve repaso de las exigencias de conocimientos de lenguas extranjeras por parte de las agencias de inteligencia de países occidentales a la hora de seleccionar personal, se revisan en detalle los programas puestos en marcha recientemente por la administración norteamericana para conseguir especialistas en las lenguas consideradas de interés estratégico. Por último, se analizan cuáles son las lenguas de interés estratégico para España y con qué posibilidades de formación en ellas se cuenta dentro del sistema universitario español.
Topic:
Education and Intelligence

417. Europe Is Losing Out in Global Competition Among Universities: A Talk with Richard Descoings, Head of Sciences Po in Paris

Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
European Affairs
Institution:
The European Institute
Abstract:
Richard Descoings, a reform-minded educator who heads the prestigious Sciences-Po, says in an interview that French universities are boxed into mediocrity by state control and state under-funding. Outside Britain, European universities need more control over their finances to compete in a globalized market.
Topic:
Education and Globalization
Political Geography:
Britain, United States, and Europe

418. French Secularism in Debate: Old Wine in New Bottles

Author:
Véronique Dimier
Publication Date:
03-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
French Politics, Culture Society
Institution:
Conference Group on French Politics Society
Abstract:
This article deals with two debates at two different moments in history: the recent 2004 debate on a law proposed by the Chirac government that aimed at forbidding any religious signs (including the Islamic headscarf) worn in an ostensible way at school; and the 1892 debate on native education in Algeria and the opportunity to have a Koran teacher at school. At stake in both debates were two conceptions of Republican laïcité (secularism), one assimilationist, the other more pragmatic.
Topic:
Education and Islam
Political Geography:
Algeria

419. Reconsidering the Bayh-Dole Act and the Current University Technology Licensing Regime

Author:
Martin Kenney and Donald Patton
Publication Date:
05-2008
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy
Abstract:
The Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 has been hailed by policy-makers and scholars as a critical policy innovation for ensuring the commercialization of inventions resulting from results of federally-funded research. This paper suggests that the current implementation of Bayh-Dole through university ownership of all researchers' inventions is not an optimal system in terms of economic efficiency and social interests regarding the rapid commercialization of technology. The current regime, within which the university owns researcher inventions, is plagued by ineffective incentives, information asymmetries, and contradictory goals for the university, the inventors, potential licensees, and university technology licensing offices (TLOs). These structural uncertainties lead to licensing delays, misaligned incentives among parties, and delays in the flow of scientific information and the materials necessary for scientific progress. For the very best TLOs these difficulties can be overcome, but for the average TLO this misalignment of incentives creates suboptimal outcomes in terms of technology transfer. The institutional arrangements within which TLOs are embedded are so perverse that it has encouraged a number of them to become income maximizers and operate in a manner similar to what pejoratively have been termed patent “trolls.”
Topic:
Economics, Education, Government, and Science and Technology

420. Inviting or Avoiding Deception through Trust? Conceptual Exploration of an Ambivalent Relationship

Author:
Guido Möllering
Publication Date:
02-2008
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies
Abstract:
The paper explores conceptually the relationship between trust and deception. The author advances five main propositions, which concern deceptive signals of trustworthiness, the suspension of uncertainty in trust, the moral implications of trusting and deceiving, the trustor's self-deception, and the reversibility of trust. The overall conclusion is that trust and deception both enable and prevent one another and that this ambivalent relationship is due to the leaps and lapses of faith that characterize trust and distrust. Beyond implications for further research on trust and deception, the trust–deception ambivalence is practically relevant for making better sense of cases of deception in private and public life against the background of trust relationships that enable, prevent, require, and prohibit deception – all at the same time.
Topic:
Civil Society, Education, and Political Economy