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81. Bülent ARAS, Şule TOKTAŞ ve Ümit KURT, Araştırma Merkezlerinin Yükselişi, Türkiye'de Dış Politika ve Ulusal Güvenlik Kültürü

Author:
Nihat Çelik
Publication Date:
04-2012
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Institution:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Abstract:
Turkiye gibi ulusal guvenlik olgusunun daima on planda olduğu bir ulkede guvenlik alanındaki calışmaların hak ettiği seviyeye geldiği soylenemez. Bu durum, diğer etkenlerin yanında, guvenlik konusunun devletin ilgili kurumlarının tekelinde bir alan olarak gorulmesinin kacınılmaz bir sonucudur. Bu yaklaşım, guvenlikle ilgili konuların dar bir cevre icinde tartışılmasına, bu konuda akademik kurumlarda yeterli sayıda uzman yetişmemesine ve karar alıcıların ve kamuoyunun politika seceneklerinden mahrum kalmasına yol acmıştır. Doğal olarak Turkiye'deki guvenlik kulturu tek yanlı olarak bicimlenmiştir. Turkiye; bu alanda bilgi uretecek, uzman yetiştirecek ve istihdam edecek ve kamuoyunu bilgilendirecek yapılara sahip olmamıştır. Bu işlevi ustlenmesi gereken araştırma merkezlerinin Turkiye'de yaygın şekilde ortaya cıkışı, ancak 1990 sonrasında mumkun olmuştur. Dunya siyasetinde onemli değişimlerin yaşandığı ve Turkiye'nin Soğuk Savaş sonrasında oluşan sistemdeki rolunun ne olacağının sıklıkla tartışıldığı bu donemde araştırma merkezleri; yayınları ve faaliyetleri ile farklı konuların gundeme gelmesinde ve dış politika tercihlerinin kamuoyu nezdinde tartışılmasında kuşkusuz onemli bir rol oynamışlardır. Buna rağmen, araştırma merkezlerinin bu rolunun yeteri kadar incelenip irdelenmediği ve bu konuda akademik calışmaların yapılmadığı gorulmektedir. Bu calışmanın en onemli ozelliği, bu alandaki boşluğu doldurmasıdır. Bunu yaparken, Turkiye'de faaliyet gosteren ceşitli araştırma merkezlerinde gorev yapan yonetici ve uzmanlarla yapılan goruşmelere dayalı bir saha araştırması yurutulmuştur. Bu saha araştırması; araştırma merkezlerinin yapıları, sorunları, faaliyetleri ve dış politika yapım surecine olan katkılarını nasıl algıladıklarının yanı sıra, araştırma merkezleri yoneticileri ve uzmanlarının, Turkiye'yi ilgilendiren hemen hemen tum dış politika alanlarındaki goruşlerini yansıtan değerli bir bilgi kaynağı sunmaktadır.

82. Vamık D. VOLKAN, Kıbrıs: Savaş ve Uyum Çatışma İçindeki İki Etnik Grubun Psikanalitik Tarihi

Author:
Kenan Şahin
Publication Date:
04-2012
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Institution:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Abstract:
Kıbrıs sorunu, 1950'li yıllardan gunumuze değin varlığını surdurmektedir. Bu yonuyle uzun sure Turk dış politikasını meşgul etmiştir. Bununla birlikte ozellikle son donemde Turkiye ve Avrupa Birliği ilişkilerinde de zaman zaman bir engel olmaya devam etmektedir. Kıbrıs, hala ikiye bolunmuş durumda ve siyasi bir cozumu bekleyerek belirsizliğini korumaktadır. Gunumuze kadar gelen surecte Uluslararası İlişkiler disipliniyle uğraşanların, tarihcilerin, sosyologların bu soruna ve adada yaşanan gelişmelere yonelik gereken ilgiyi gosterdikleri soylenebilir. Konuyla ilgili oluşmuş hacimli bir literatur de bunu kanıtlar niteliktedir. Bu literatur, genelde sorunun cozumune yonelik ceşitli yaklaşımlar uzerinde yoğunlaşmakta ve olaylara tarihsel bir cevreden bakılan analizleri kapsamaktadır. Konuya ilişkin ideolojik ve manipulatif değerlendirmelerin bolca yer aldığı da gorulmektedir. Bunlara karşın Kıbrıs'ta yaşayan toplulukların kimlik ve aidiyet duyguları, yaşananların bu topluluklar uzerindeki psikolojik etkileri ve bir arada yaşamın ortaya cıkardığı durumların psikolojisi bakımından yapılan bir analiz olması nedeniyle Prof. Dr. Vamık D. Volkan'ın calışması ayrı bir yerde durmaktadır. Başka bir ifadeyle Kıbrıslı Turkler ve Rumlar arasındaki ilişkilerinin psikolojik anlatımı ve yorumu Kıbrıs'la ilgili calışmalar acısından bu esere ozgunluk kazandırmaktadır.

83. Uluslararası İlişkiler Kuramında Anarşi Söylemi

Author:
Faruk Yalvaç
Publication Date:
05-2011
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Institution:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Abstract:
This article discusses the development of the anarchy discourse in international relations theory. It questions the main problematiques around which the discourse of anarchy is organised and asks whether anarchy is still a valid concept to understand international relations. The mainstream IR theory analyses anarchy from an institutional framework, and is based on the assumption that state relations is sufficient to describe and understand anarchy. Post-positivist period have developed diverse criticisms to this conceptualisation. The article evaluates the criticisms of postmodernist, historical sociological, postcolonial and feminist approaches to the concept of anarchy. One of the main theses of this article is that the concept of anarchy can meaningfully be used to analyse international relations only if it is connected to social relations (and more specifically to social relations of capitalism with respect to understanding present international system). Therefore, the approach adopted in this article overlaps with many of the criticisms of anarchy by postmodernism, feminism, but more specifically with recent historical sociological approaches and the postcolonial studies. Another argument of the article is that the anarchy/order opposition can not totally be eradicated unless the social relations sustaining them can be altered.
Topic:
Political Theory, Socialism/Marxism, and Anarchy
Political Geography:
Global Focus

84. Segregasyonlar ve Jeopolitik “Yeni” Düzenler: Müteşebbis Efendiler olarak Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri

Author:
Anna M. Agathangelou and Barış Karaağaç
Publication Date:
05-2011
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Institution:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Abstract:
Beginning with the epistemological principle, International Relations (IR) critiques “world politics”, we look at the discipline of International Political Economy (IPE) within IR, considering to what extent IPE re-thinks key IR divides. What does IPE mean when the military-industrial complex is a site of power for the accumulation of resources and knowledge production? Can we critically theorize without understanding the international, the military, or the industrial as contested categories? How have critical theories of security and militarization and their racial formations been “globally” and “locally” positioned? Does an assumed segregation of security and property relations preclude making tensions visible in security regimes and among vulture capitalists? This essay foregrounds Turkey and its armed forces as sites of critical inquiry into the key divides of IR: national and international; global and local; the economy and state relations; rationality and bodies. We highlight what is produced as viable within the fields of the current model of global power and collective practices instrumental in changing IPE consensus about global processes and relations to dissent.
Topic:
International Political Economy, Political Theory, and Military Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

85. “Güvenlik İkilemi”ni Yeniden Düşünmek Güvenlik Çalışmalarında Yeni Bir Perspektif

Author:
Ali Bilgiç
Publication Date:
05-2011
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Institution:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Abstract:
Th is article will discuss the concept of “security dilemma”, which was conceptualized sixty years ago, but has been enriched and recently re-thought, in three periods. In the first period, the concept was formulated based on the security understanding dominating the Cold War era. The second period is the one during which the concept was enriched in conjunction with emerging problems in world politics and the broadened security understanding in the discipline of International Relations. In the last period, the concept was completely re-thought and fed by new ideas. Among these new ideas, the concept of “trust” was offered as a way of transcending security dilemmas. The re-generated version of “security dilemma” presents a new perspective to understand, study, and re-think what security and insecurity mean in world politics.
Topic:
International Relations, International Security, and Political Theory
Political Geography:
Global Focus

86. Yirmibirinci Yüzyılda Savaşı Tartışmak: Clausewitz Yeniden

Author:
Ali L. Karaosmanoğlu
Publication Date:
05-2011
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Institution:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Abstract:
In the post-Cold War era the changing international system, primordial hate and violence motivated by ethnic and religious conflicts, transnationally operating non-state actors, relativization of the state, and rising democratic and liberal values have prompted an ongoing debate on the nature of war. Those commentators who argue that the “new” wars have fundamentally changed the nature of war are of the opinion that the theory of war by Carl von Clausewitz has lost its analytical relevance as a conceptual framework for understanding and explaining war in the twenty-first century. The major contention of this article is the following: In some respects, “new” wars are different from the “old” (conventional) ones. The depth of this difference, however, falls short in changing the nature of war. The conceptual framework of Clausewitz, therefore, remains relevant to a great extent. Clausewitzian interpretation of contemporary wars would be useful to reevaluate political and strategic alternatives that are developed to control and terminate them.
Topic:
War and Political Theory
Political Geography:
Global Focus

87. Savaş Hukukunda Tecavüz ve Yağmayı Yasakla(ma)yan Rejimler Lahey Sözleşmeleri (1899, 1907)

Author:
Tuba İnal
Publication Date:
05-2011
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Institution:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Abstract:
Th is article seeks to explain two related theoretical questions by looking at the treatment of two related practices of war, pillage and rape, by international law: How does change, particularly legalized regime change, happen in international relations and what is the role of “gender” as a category in this process of change? The argument here is that three conditions are necessary for the emergence of a legalized prohibition regime: Firstly, states must believe that they can comply with the prohibition because non-compliance is costly. Secondly, a normative context conducive to the idea that the particular practice is abnormal/undesirable is necessary. Thirdly, actors actively propagating these ideas to promote the creation of a particular regime should exist. The 100-year temporal difference between the emergence of the regimes against pillage and rape reveals the role of gender in this process.
Topic:
Gender Issues, International Law, and War Crimes
Political Geography:
Global Focus

88. Avrupa Birliği-Türkiye İlişkilerine Postyapısalcı Yaklaşım: Almanya Örneğinde Dış Politika ve Söylem Analizi

Author:
Senem Aydın Düzgit
Publication Date:
05-2011
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Institution:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Abstract:
In line with the poststructuralist approach that theorises identity as relationally constructed through discourse, the purpose of this article is to shed light on the different visions of Europe that are constructed in debates on Turkey’s accession to the EU among German politicians. The article focuses on the political party debates on Turkish accession in Germany, a key member state in EU integration and the debate on Turkish membership to the EU, and subjects them to critical discourse analysis. In doing that, it also brings forward the importance of the concept of discourse from a poststructuralist perspective.
Topic:
International Relations, Political Theory, and European Union
Political Geography:
Europe, Turkey, and Germany

89. CONTENTS

Publication Date:
08-2011
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Institution:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Abstract:
No abstract is available.

90. The Steppe and Early European State Formation

Author:
Iver B. Neumann
Publication Date:
08-2011
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Institution:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Abstract:
It is not a self-evident thing for a group of scholars to invite an outsider who has studied the home turf of that group to open one of their conferences. I am extremely pleased to be here, and I want to make the most of the opportunity by calling attention to an area of study that my previous work has been pointing me to, and that I believe we who study International Relations (IR) should make our own. I am talking about a relation between two places in time. The relation is the one between nomads and sedentaries. The places are the Eurasian steppe and the sedentary polities to its west. By the Eurasia steppe I mean that vast tract of land that stretched from the Mongolian-Turkic homelands around Karakorum, north of the agricultural lands of the Chinese, the Persians and the Byzantines, all the way to where the grasslands started to give way to forest, and where there lived Slavic and Finno-Ugric tribes. The time is what Europeans call the middle ages.
Topic:
International Relations
Political Geography:
China, Europe, and Eurasia