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32. A Call for Space-Domain Intelligence Training
- Author:
- Genelle M. Martinez
- Publication Date:
- 03-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Journal of Advanced Military Studies
- Institution:
- Marine Corps University Press, National Defense University
- Abstract:
- U.S. Space Force intelligence initial skills training (IST) currently occurs via U.S. Air Force pipelines. However, as the Space Force matures, it must take ownership of its training programs. Consolidating guardian intelligence initial skills training under the purview of the newest Service fosters a critical space-domain focused mindset and guardian culture at the outset of a member’s career.
- Topic:
- Intelligence, Culture, Armed Forces, Space, Training, Space Force, and Identity
- Political Geography:
- United States of America and Space
33. Changes in the military deployment of the United States and their implications for Israel’s wars in the region
- Author:
- Eytan Gilboa
- Publication Date:
- 01-2024
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Jerusalem Institute for Strategy and Security (JISS)
- Abstract:
- At the start of the Gaza War, President Biden warned Iran and its proxies against launching an all-out attack on Israel and sent aircraft carriers to the region to clarify his intentions. The withdrawal of the Gerald R. Ford carrier from the Mediterranean could be interpreted as a sign of American weakness, diminish deterrence of Iran, and undermine US mediation efforts in Lebanon.
- Topic:
- Armed Forces, Military Affairs, Deterrence, Regional Security, and 2023 Gaza War
- Political Geography:
- Iran, Middle East, Israel, Palestine, Gaza, and United States of America
34. Democracy and the ‘citizen-soldier’ military: The case of Kosovo and Israel
- Author:
- Ronen Itsik
- Publication Date:
- 09-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Security and Defence Quarterly
- Institution:
- War Studies University
- Abstract:
- The intention of Kosovo’s government to establish a ‘citizen-soldier’ military creates an opportunity to do the ‘right thing from the beginning’—the current comparative study elaborates on the steps that have to be taken in order to establish a military in a young and small democratic state, with a strong normative base, that will provide confidence in the defence system alongside constructive socialisation. The structure of constitutional analysis serves as a base for in-depth discussion concerning the military service model in democratic states. The analysis is followed by an elaboration on the ‘citizen-soldier’ military model in the context of cultural aspects and the connection to the constitutional base, combined with an analysis of Israel’s and Kosovo’s social–cultural features, security challenges, and geo-strategic situations, similarities and opportunities regarding implementation of a military model. The study reveals that in democratic states, the ‘citizen-soldier’ model has to be anchored in the culture and in the constitution in order to prevent social conflicts concerning rights and duties, establishing a constructive social platform that empowers national resilience alongside defensive abilities. Kosovo’s success in implementing a ‘citizen-soldier’ model is built on the adoption of positive ways of social integration using Israel’s experience while minimising its weaknesses: the existence of constitutional definitions that will balance civilians’ rights and duties in the context of military duty, harnessing the education system as a socialisation agent, and establishment of a reserve military force that will be anchored in national duty, in the security view and the social view.
- Topic:
- Defense Policy, Armed Forces, Democracy, and Military
- Political Geography:
- Israel and Kosovo
35. Drivers of Change: Reflecting on the significance of external support on Women, Peace and Security to armed and political movements in Myanmar
- Author:
- Tilman Papesch and Zin May Phyo
- Publication Date:
- 04-2024
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Berghof Foundation
- Abstract:
- This policy brief explores the impact of our participatory action research project "Observe and Act" in Myanmar. It collects and analyses stories of discourse, policy and process changes, that were perceived by a diverse group of stakeholders as being linked to the project’s approach of involving the leadership of armed and political movements (APMs) and engaging with them in a participatory manner.
- Topic:
- Foreign Aid, Armed Forces, Political Movements, Women, Peace, and and Security (WPS)
- Political Geography:
- Southeast Asia and Myanmar
36. The LGBT Purge, its Demise, and the Aftermath: Retired Servicewomen Paving the Way
- Author:
- Charlotte Duval-Lantoine
- Publication Date:
- 02-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Journal of Military and Strategic Studies
- Institution:
- Centre for Military, Security and Strategic Studies
- Abstract:
- In 1992, a court case lifted put an end to the persecution of 2SLGBTQI+ service members in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF). To some researchers, the end of discriminatory policies translated into tolerance for and the welcoming of 2SLGBTQI+ Canadians in the rank of the military. However, scandals over sexual misconduct, gender-based violence, and homo- and transphobic incidents in the CAF is painting a drastically different picture. Instead of a history of burgeoning inclusion and diversity, the end of what became known as the LGBT Purge led to different types of violence and struggles for 2SLGBTQI+ members. This article provides a chronology of the last years of the LGBT Purge in the military and the aftermath of Douglas v. the Canadian Armed Forces. It recounts an history of an institution that did not live up to its duty of care obligations because of members’ sexual orientation and gender identity. But this piece also underlines the role that women, both serving and retired, in bringing the issues to light and drive change in the military.
- Topic:
- Armed Forces, Women, LGBT+, Indigenous, and Military
- Political Geography:
- Canada and North America
37. Servicewomen as Whistleblowers: Canadian Servicewomen and the Revelations of Military Sexual Violence
- Author:
- Claire Cookson-Hills
- Publication Date:
- 02-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Journal of Military and Strategic Studies
- Institution:
- Centre for Military, Security and Strategic Studies
- Abstract:
- This article documents the history of revelations of sexual misconduct within the military, and places that history in the paradoxical context of the responses of Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) and the Veterans Affairs Canada (VAC). Starting in 1998 with the Maclean’s reporting, servicewomen have publicly shared their personal experiences of military sexual trauma. The history of these revelations has been written by journalists in conversation with servicewomen. Journalists have been supportive and ham-handed advocates of justice for survivors of military sexual violence. By contrast, both CAF and VAC have been reactionary in their responses to military sexual violence. Such focus on sexual violence stands in contrast to how servicewomen place the violence in the wider context of their career. After 2015, servicewomen have taken steps to advocate, organize, write their own stories publicly, and thereby put pressure on the Armed Forces and Veterans Affairs to change.
- Topic:
- Armed Forces, Women, Sexual Violence, Whistle Blowing, and Military
- Political Geography:
- Canada and North America
38. Sitting Ducks and Strategic Change. The Air Division in Europe, 1959 to 1967
- Author:
- Isabel Campbell
- Publication Date:
- 02-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Journal of Military and Strategic Studies
- Institution:
- Centre for Military, Security and Strategic Studies
- Abstract:
- History and historical analysis can prepare the RCAF as an institution for inevitable change, specifically on transitions initiated by advancements in the science and technologies of air power. Having personally experienced the transition from CF-104 to the CF-18 fighter aircraft during the Cold War and with the incorporation of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) underway in the RCAF, there are informative accounts to be told and lessons learned that may require reflection in the transition from fourth to fifth generation fighter.1With peer-on-peer great power competition re-emerging as a geo-political reality, there are many aspects of Canadian fighter operations and capabilities that do not have to be relearned.War is a political condition between states or armed factions; warfare is the physical activity conducted between militaries in the context of war. “Technology shapes warfare, not war, ...and conversely war, not warfare, shapes technology. Technology has been the primary source of military innovation throughout history. It drives changes in warfare more than any other factor.”2Military technology is not deterministic as advancements do not ensure success, but rather, technology facilitates innovation. The unique characteristics, or distinguishing features, of the air environment, provide air power with different strengths and weaknesses from those of sea and land power. Fundamental air power tenets, or organizational principles, ensure the optimization of air power. These characteristics and tenets do not change with technology but rather technology is used to optimize these features to gain advantage.
- Topic:
- History, Armed Forces, and Military Equipment
- Political Geography:
- Canada and North America
39. The Past, Present and Future of Canadian Military Air Power
- Author:
- John Ferris and Brad Gladman
- Publication Date:
- 02-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Journal of Military and Strategic Studies
- Institution:
- Centre for Military, Security and Strategic Studies
- Abstract:
- In its centenary year, it is important for Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) leadership, as well as the academic community and the public, to look back critically over its hundred years with a view to understanding the factors driving the successes, failures, and state of the RCAF. This was the aim of the Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC) Centre for Operational Research and Analysis (CORA) workshop with the University of Calgary’s Centre for Military, Security, and Strategic Studies in September 2023. The workshop featured keynote addresses from Professor David Bercuson and Lieutenant-General (ret’d) Al Meinzinger and brought together leading experts on air power. This collection brings together high-quality material on a topic that has not received due attention – RCAF history and what that means for the future. It also seeks to demonstrate the value of partnerships between the academic community and the civilian and military parts of the RCAF to the benefit of both. It hopefully will encourage the RCAF to be more mindful of its history and to use that history to shape discussions about the future and an appropriate role for the RCAF moving forward.
- Topic:
- Armed Forces, Air Force, and Military
- Political Geography:
- Canada and North America
40. The Exploratory Case Study of Improving the Nigerian Defence Academy Cadets’ Training Effectiveness
- Author:
- Sanya Ojo
- Publication Date:
- 10-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Journal of Military and Strategic Studies
- Institution:
- Centre for Military, Security and Strategic Studies
- Abstract:
- At the Nigerian Defence Academy, cadets assume a rigorous schedule full of competing demands including physical training, drills, athletic, and academic that incites prolonged sleep deprivation, which hinders their chance of thriving in their academic pursuits. The study seeks to identify the directions the Nigerian Defence Academy could take to improve its cadets’ training strategies and how they are developed to better support educational requirements and meet conventional intellectual standards, capitalise on innovative training technologies, and increase efficiency. Through the application of qualitative methodology, the study gathered data that reveal some distinguishing features of institutional logics in which the cadets’ training regime is embedded. The contradictions inherent in the education and military training regimens have to be carefully and innovatively negotiated to improve the quality of instruction received by the cadets to enhance efficiency both in conduct and character.
- Topic:
- Armed Forces, Training, and Military Training
- Political Geography:
- Africa and Nigeria