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35342. Sobre Contagios y Remedios: La Heterodoxia Económica del New Deal, La Políca Exterior de Roosevelt y su Impacto sobre la Administracón Cerdenista
- Author:
- Joge Schiavon
- Publication Date:
- 01-2001
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas
- Abstract:
- The article explores the Mexico-United States bilateral relation during the administrations of Franklin D. Roosevelt and Lazaro Cardenas, in order to better understand how U.S. domestic and foreign policies influence the management of its relation with Mexico, which in turn can facilitate or not the implementation of public policies in the Mexican system. The principal hypothesis is that the New Deal modified the American liberal conception of state intervention in economic and social issues inside the United States, and that this permitted Cardenas' economic heterodoxy, both in political and ideological terms. Evidence is provided to support two points. First, the changes in U.S. foreign policy that resulted from the enactment of the Good Neighbor Policy invested the Cardenas administration with greater autonomy in economics issues. Second, the new economic ideas derived from the New Deal facilitated and justified increased state intervention of Cardenas' government in the economy, using fiscal policy and direct sate participation in economic areas defined as strategic. In sum, this article demonstrates that Roosevelt's domestic and foreign policies generated a permissive environment for the enactment of the most important public policies during the administration of Cardenas, supporting the idea that U.S. internal and international actions directly affect the possibilities of policy implementation in Mexico.
- Topic:
- International Relations, Foreign Policy, and Government
- Political Geography:
- United States, America, and Mexico
35343. The Bush Administration and the Future of Transatlantic Relations
- Author:
- Peter Trubowitz
- Publication Date:
- 01-2001
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas
- Abstract:
- This paper, the first of a planned two-part analysis, examines the institutions of paramilitarism, death squads, and warlords in Latin America, with a focus on the case-studies of Mexico and Peru. It begins with an overview of the small comparative literature on paramilitary movements and death squads around the world, seeking to define and clarify the terminology. The literature on "warlordism" is then reviewed, and the similarities and distinctions between paramilitaries and warlords are considered. Lastly, I examine two case-studies that have not, as yet, received extended attention in the comparative literature: Mexico and Colombia. The paper concludes by summarizing the findings and charting a course for future investigations.
- Topic:
- International Relations, Foreign Policy, and Government
- Political Geography:
- United States, Colombia, Latin America, and Mexico
35344. Toward the Common Good: Building a New U.S.-Russian Relationship
- Publication Date:
- 07-2001
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- EastWest Institute
- Abstract:
- The Bush administration faces a Russia that is at a critical and perhaps defining juncture in its history. The country's leadership has launched a reform agenda that, if carried through, will take Russia further down the path toward becoming a modern, market-oriented democracy. The resistance to change in Russia is significant, and the ultimate success of these reforms is far from assured. Yet the reform initiative gives the United States and Russia an opportunity to set their relationship on a new foundation that will enhance international peace, stability, freedom and prosperity in an increasingly interdependent world.
- Topic:
- Security, NATO, and Diplomacy
- Political Geography:
- Russia, United States, Europe, and Asia
35345. Technology Parks - Concept and Organization
- Author:
- Rado Petkov, Rick Petree, and Eugene Spiro
- Publication Date:
- 08-2001
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- EastWest Institute
- Abstract:
- This study presents a conceptual and organizational framework for establishing a pilot technology park and incubator in Bulgaria. Such a park might initially focus on the telecommunication and information technology (IT) sector (including software development), where the country displays strong, albeit under-utilized, technical talent. The park might encompass an export-oriented IT service firm and an incubator that will nurture hi-tech companies and help them commercialize innovative ideas and technologies. The study presents the experience of leading technology parks and incubators in the U.S., Israel, India and elsewhere and draws upon an on-going project of the Institute for EastWest Studies to establish a technology incubator in Budapest. The purpose of the paper is to identify the existing models of technology parks and to suggest organizational, legal and management solutions that can be applied in Bulgaria.
- Topic:
- International Relations, Development, and Science and Technology
- Political Geography:
- Europe, Eastern Europe, and Bulgaria
35346. Banking and Finance Assistance
- Author:
- Eugene Spiro
- Publication Date:
- 08-2001
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- EastWest Institute
- Abstract:
- The Banking and Finance Assistance Centre (BFAC) of the East West Institute is an independent, international centre whose mission is to provide assistance to financial sector leaders in the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and the former Soviet Union (FSU). BFAC was established in 1992 by the East West Institute in response to the need expressed by bank executives and finance officials in CEE for a centre to provide impartial, professional, technical advice and assistance in the course of designing and implementing reform initiatives. Supported, among others, by the EWI network and in particular the United States Agency for International Development, BFAC's projects also cover capital markets and pension reform and small- and medium-sized enterprise development.
- Topic:
- Development and Economics
- Political Geography:
- United States, Europe, and Eastern Europe
35347. Explaining Leakage of Public Funds
- Author:
- Ritva Reinikka and Jakob Svensson
- Publication Date:
- 12-2001
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- United Nations University
- Abstract:
- Using panel data from an unique survey of public primary schools in Uganda we assess the degree of leakage of public funds in education. The survey data reveal that on average, during the period 1991-95, schools received only 13 percent of what the central government contributed to the schools' non-wage expenditures. The bulk of the allocated spending was either used by public officials for purposes unrelated to education or captured for private gain (leakage). Moreover we find that resource flows and leakages are endogenous to school characteristics. Rather than being passive recipients of flows from government, schools use their bargaining power vis-à-vis other parts of government to secure greater shares of funding. Resources are therefore not necessarily allocated according to the rules underlying government budget decisions, with potential equity and efficiency implications.
- Topic:
- Education, Government, and Human Welfare
- Political Geography:
- Uganda and Africa
35348. On the Choice of Appropriate Development Strategy: Insights from CGE Modelling of the Mozambican Economy
- Author:
- Finn Tarp and Tarp Jensen Henning
- Publication Date:
- 12-2001
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- United Nations University
- Abstract:
- This paper makes use of a 1997 computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to analyse three potential strategies that Mozambique can pursue unilaterally with a view to initiating a sustainable development process. They include (i) an agriculture-first strategy, (ii) an agricultural-development led industrialization (ADLI) strategy, and (iii) a primary-sector export-oriented strategy. The ADLI strategy dominates the other development strategies since important synergy effects in aggregate welfare arise from including key agro-industry sectors into the agriculture-first development strategy. Moreover, the ADLI strategy can be designed so it has a relatively strong impact on the welfare of the poorest poverty-stricken households, and still maintain the politically sensitive factorial distribution of income.
- Topic:
- Agriculture, Development, and Human Welfare
- Political Geography:
- Africa
35349. Building Conflict Prevention Capacity: Methods, Experiences, Needs — UNU Workshop Seminar Series Report
- Author:
- David Carment and Albrecht Schnabel
- Publication Date:
- 02-2001
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- United Nations University
- Abstract:
- Our collaboration began in early 1998, as a proposal for a two-panel mini-workshop on conflict prevention for the 1999 International Studies Association meeting in Washington, DC, USA. The project has subsequently developed into a multi-year project with two book-length volumes and various dissemination activities.
- Topic:
- Security, Peace Studies, and United Nations
- Political Geography:
- United States and Washington
35350. Special Report: Rising India and U.S. Policy Options in Asia
- Author:
- Mandavi Mehta and Teresita C. Schaffer
- Publication Date:
- 12-2001
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Center for Strategic and International Studies
- Abstract:
- The South Asia program has recently concluded a year-long study entitled “Rising India and U.S. Policy Options in Asia” with a final conference that was held on October 15, 2001. The “Rising India” project seeks to analyze aspects of the U.S.-Indian relationship, examine the effectiveness of U.S. diplomatic tools in the context of different growth trends in India, and put U.S. policy toward India within a broader Asian context. This summary reflects the project study, amplified by presentations made at the conference.
- Topic:
- Conflict Resolution, Security, Economics, and Politics
- Political Geography:
- United States, China, South Asia, and Asia