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471. Broadening the Base of United Nations Troop-and Police-Contributing Countries

Author:
Paul D. Williams and Alex J. Bellamy
Publication Date:
08-2012
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
International Peace Institute
Abstract:
Today, United Nations (UN) peacekeeping stands at another crossroads. With consistently high demands for peacekeepers and an expanding range of mandated tasks, the UN faces the challenge of finding more, and better, peacekeepers. This comes at a time when financial austerity measures are being imposed across much of the world and in a political context where the UN must compete with other international organizations to recruit peacekeepers from what is a relatively limited global pool of relevant capabilities. To meet the challenge, the UN's New Horizon initiative and the General Assembly's Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations (C-34) have called for an “expanding of the pool of available capabilities.” The Providing for Peacekeeping Project was established by the International Peace Institute to inform and assist this endeavor.
Topic:
Conflict Resolution, United Nations, Law Enforcement, and Peacekeeping

472. LGBT Rights in the Americas

Publication Date:
05-2012
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Americas Quarterly
Institution:
Council of the Americas
Abstract:
Latin America is a pioneer in gay rights, but popular attitudes lag behind.
Topic:
United Nations and Law
Political Geography:
Canada, Argentina, Latin America, and Mexico

473. China's Global Rise

Author:
Lowell Dittmer
Publication Date:
10-2012
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Americas Quarterly
Institution:
Council of the Americas
Abstract:
In the "new" developing world, China looks for trade partners-not revolutionary allies.
Topic:
Cold War, Development, United Nations, and Financial Crisis
Political Geography:
China, Beijing, and Asia

474. The Management Handbook for UN Field Missions

Author:
Arthur Boutellis and Adam C. Smith
Publication Date:
06-2012
Content Type:
Book
Institution:
International Peace Institute
Abstract:
Why.Is.Management.Important? The UN field mission is a complex beast. From the smallest political mission to the largest peacekeeping operation, it employs a uniquely diverse staff and performs a broad array of tasks in an environment that is sometimes dangerous, often unstable, and always challenging. Resources are scarce and inflexible. Internal regulations and procedures are cumbersome, and, at times, can impede rather than facilitate success. On top of it all, success is often hard to measure or even recognize. Unlike the private sec-tor, success in the field does not come from increased quarterly profits, but rather from a conflict prevented, the perception of a peace dividend, or the renewed optimism of a host population. Unfortunately, UN staff can only contribute to these goals, as so many factors are beyond the mission's control.
Topic:
Conflict Resolution, International Relations, Security, International Organization, United Nations, and Peacekeeping

475. You Have Been Warned: One year on from UN declaration of famine, Somalia faces worsening food crisis

Author:
Roger Middleton
Publication Date:
07-2012
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Oxfam Publishing
Abstract:
In 2011 the world waited for the UN to declare famine before providing assistance on the level needed to save lives in Somalia – this delayed response wasted lives and money. We are now seeing warnings of Somalia slipping back into crisis and cannot afford to make the same mistake again – we should respond now, and in force, in ways that make people better able to withstand the next disaster to strike.
Topic:
Security, Health, Islam, United Nations, Food, and Famine
Political Geography:
Africa and Somalia

476. Role of United Nations Peacekeeping Missions in the Protection of Civilians

Publication Date:
07-2012
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Oxfam Publishing
Abstract:
The UN Security Council's (UNSC) role, to maintain international security, includes protecting civilians in armed conflict. Made explicit in 2009, the UNSC noted that 'the deliberate targeting of civilians… may constitute a threat to international peace and security, and [the UNSC] reaffirms… its readiness to consider such situations and, where necessary, to adopt appropriate steps.'
Topic:
Conflict Prevention, Political Violence, Development, United Nations, and Peacekeeping

477. A Future Without HIV/AIDS: Dream or Reality?

Author:
Anthony Fauci, Eric Goosby, Michel Sidibe, and Wafaa El-Sadr
Publication Date:
09-2012
Content Type:
Video
Institution:
Columbia University World Leaders Forum
Abstract:
High-level leaders debate how to achieve an AIDS-free generation. -Anthony Fauci, Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health Eric Goosby, United States Global AIDS Coordinator, U.S. Department of Stat Michel Sidibe, Executive Director of UNAIDS, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, and Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations Wafaa El-Sadr, Director of ICAP and the Global Health Initiative at the Mailman School of Public Health, Professor of Epidemiology and Medicine, Columbia University.
Topic:
Development, Globalization, Health, and United Nations
Political Geography:
United States

478. Post-2015 Development Agenda: Goals, Targets and Indicators

Author:
Barry Carin, Nicole Bates-Eamer, Min Ha Lee, Wonhyuk Lim, and Mukesh Kapila
Publication Date:
10-2012
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Centre for International Governance Innovation
Abstract:
In September 2000, world leaders at the United Nations Millennium Summit recognized a collective responsibility to work toward “a more peaceful, prosperous and just world” (UN, 2000). The MDGs reaffirmed this vision and launched an ambitious global partnership for development, setting specific targets to be met by 2015 and using numerical indicators to measure progress. The MDGs recognized the stark reality of widespread human deprivation and environmental degradation, and galvanized support to reduce poverty, achieve basic education and health, and promote gender equality and environmental sustainability.
Topic:
Development, Economics, Humanitarian Aid, United Nations, Foreign Aid, and Foreign Direct Investment

479. Antiproliferation: Tackling Proliferation by Engaging the Private Sector

Author:
Ian J. Stewart
Publication Date:
11-2012
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard University
Abstract:
This paper exploits the concept of antiproliferation to analyze the potential for mobilizing the private sector in countering the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. Illicit trade from the international marketplace plays a direct role in sustaining the nuclear and missile programs of several countries, including Iran, in defiance of UN sanctions. These programs also profit indirectly from trade-enabling services, such as insurance, financing, and shipping. It is argued that almost all firms will work to avoid direct involvement with proliferation for a variety of reasons, but that firms often lack the systems, expertise, and information required to identify illicit proliferation-related trade.
Topic:
Arms Control and Proliferation, International Trade and Finance, Markets, Nuclear Weapons, United Nations, Weapons of Mass Destruction, and Sanctions

480. The Nature and Role of Regional Agreements in International Environmental Politics: Mapping Agreements, Outlining Future Research

Author:
Miriam Prys, Jörg Balsiger, and Niko Steinhoff
Publication Date:
10-2012
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
German Institute of Global and Area Studies
Abstract:
Global agreements to mitigate climate change, conserve biodiversity or combat desertification typically take center stage in scholarly discussions about international environmental politics. Even though the United Nations Environment Programme reported ten years ago that regional agreements make up two‐thirds of all international treaties, regional cooperation has by comparison either received scant attention or been conceptually and empirically lumped together with global treaties. This lack of knowledge about the historical and current scope of regional governance is a serious obstacle to understanding the architecture of global environmental governance and to overcoming current bottlenecks in international environmental cooperation. In response, we report on the outcome of an analysis that complements the most comprehensive database on international environmental agreements (iea.uoregon.edu) with variables for analysis at the regional level. We introduce a multidimensional typology of regional agreements based on contiguous/noncontiguous agreement membership, contiguous/noncontiguous spatial ambit, and whether membership and ambit are adjoining and/or coextensive. We discuss the theoretical and empirical relevance of the different types of agreements and the nature and prevalence of special cases. Given the previous lack of research in this area, our primary purpose is to present a systematic account of regional environmental governance, leaving causal analysis to our own and others' future research. We identify a number of knowledge gaps and analytical directions in the conclusion.
Topic:
Climate Change, Environment, International Cooperation, Treaties and Agreements, and United Nations