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1001. Building Better Institutions

Author:
Rodrigo de Rato
Publication Date:
07-2006
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
The Cato Journal
Institution:
The Cato Institute
Abstract:
It is a pleasure to be here today at the Cato Institute. I know that Cato believes in competition. Perhaps it is this spirit of competition that led you to schedule today’s conference to coincide with the International Monetary Fund’s research conference and steal the IMF’s managing director and its current and past directors of research as participants. But while you have missed out on our research conference you will not miss out on our research: my talk today is based to a large extent on the findings of our latest World Economic Outlook, which conveniently has the theme “Building Institutions” [IMF 2005a]. My remarks address three questions. First, what have we learned about the importance of institutions in promoting economic development? Second, how we can accelerate the transition to better institutions? And, third, what reforms of international organizations, the IMF in particular, are needed to help this transition?
Topic:
Economics, International Organization, Reform, Economic Development, and Financial Institutions
Political Geography:
Global Focus

1002. Security Sector Reform Whitehall Policy Seminar - Final Report

Publication Date:
09-2004
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Global Facilitation Network for Security Sector Reform
Abstract:
The Security Sector Reform Whitehall Policy Seminar is held each year for practitioners and policymakers to discuss HMG's SSR Strategy and ways in which the strategy should evolve to address current realities. The forum brings together representatives from all Whitehall departments with an interest in security. External guests such as academics, members of non-governmental organizations and local representatives from regions where HMG SSR programmes are ongoing are also invited.
Topic:
Security and Reform
Political Geography:
Africa, Asia, Caribbean, and Southeast Asia

1003. Reform of the EC Competition Law and Analysis of the Modifications Achieved

Author:
Ercüment Tezcan
Publication Date:
06-2004
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Institution:
Uluslararasi Iliskiler
Abstract:
The modernization of the application of the competition law of the European Community (EC) was carried out by the Council Regulation 1/2003 of December 16, 2002. This Regulation has repealed the regulation 17/62 of 16 February 1962 in force for more than 40 years. The Regulation 1/2003 is characterized by the abrogation of the notification and the preliminary authorization and its decentralization attempt for the application of the competition law of the EC. The national authorities and jurisdictions will be qualified from now on in this field by legal exception. Besides various details, the most important aspect of the new regulation is its gradual decentralization of the EC competition law, which should be considered within a broader framework of the reforms on the EC competition law, undertaken in the second half of 1990's.
Topic:
Government, Markets, and Reform
Political Geography:
Europe

1004. The Choice for Russia: Compete or Fail

Publication Date:
06-2004
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
EastWest Institute
Abstract:
Russia is at a crossroads. Current levels of national economic growth cannot be sustained without significantly restructuring the country's economic system. If economic growth is not sustained, financing for important social reforms will face serious strains, and expectations that have been built up among the Russian population over the past five years will go unrealized. As a result, the political system and the population's long - term well being will be put at risk. To counter this danger, Russia needs to change its national consciousness away from social paternalism and towards competitiveness. This needs to be implemented in a way that Russian citizens, politicians and business people can understand and support. Russia can only meet its expectations of long - term growth and a higher overall standard of living by increasing levels of competitiveness across sectors and delivering tangible and positive results to its citizens.
Topic:
Development, Economics, Population, and Reform
Political Geography:
Russia, Europe, and Asia

1005. Technology Transfer: Bringing Innovation to NASA and the Nation

Publication Date:
11-2004
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
The National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA)
Abstract:
For the last half of the twentieth century, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was among the most successful organizations in hi story in developing new technology and making it available to both the private sector and other government organizations. Small computers; cellular communications; lightweight, heat resistant materials; telemedicine, and a broad spectrum of everyday products have all benefited from NASA research and development.
Topic:
Science and Technology, Communications, and Reform

1006. Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: Reorganizing for Results

Publication Date:
09-2004
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
The National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA)
Abstract:
Of the Department of Energy's $23 billion budget, the $1.3 billion allocated to the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) offers important opportunities to assist in resolving one of the major issues facing the Nation today—the need for sources of clean, reliable, efficient, secure and affordable energy. EERE's programs—which include advanced hydrogen fuel concepts, renewable power technologies, transportation and building technologies—are aimed at improving this country's efficient use of energy, increasing the diversity of energy sources on which we rely, and making us less dependent on foreign energy sources. The management of this small office should be of major interest to leaders of both government and industry as EERE leadership tries to ensure that every dollar is used most effectively in the pursuit of its mission to strengthen America's energy security. This was the goal of Assistant Secretary David Garman as he launched a comprehensive reorganization of EERE on July 1, 2002.
Topic:
Economics, Energy Policy, Science and Technology, and Reform
Political Geography:
America and Germany

1007. Pension Reform in Bolivia: A Review of Approach and Experience

Author:
Federico Escobar and Osvaldo Nina
Publication Date:
06-2004
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Institute for Advanced Development Studies (INESAD)
Abstract:
The Bolivian pension reform eliminated the old publicly managed pay-as-you-go system and introduced a fully-funded system. The pension reform was highly influenced by the Chilean reform, adopting a second pension component pillar, based on contributions to individual accounts in pension funds, which are managed by decentralized pension-fund management companies and regulated and supervised by the government. Moreover, the new system has followed the substitutive model, where all contributors to the old system, with no exceptions, were automatically transferred to the new one, while those already retired under the old system continued to receive their pensions from the government. The unique feature of the Bolivian pension reform program was its link to the Capitalization. Under this process the six principal state-owned enterprises were capitalized by foreign companies, and the Bolivian government retained 50% of the shares in the capitalized companies. These shares went into a Collective Capitalization Fund, which is managed by the new pension funds, and the dividends are used to finance the BONOSOL program, which is a universal old age income support to all Bolivians 65 and older.
Topic:
Economics, Reform, Public Policy, and Pension
Political Geography:
South America and Bolivia

1008. The Debate on Democratization in the Broader Middle East and North Africa

Author:
Ayşe Kadıoğlu, Burak Akçapar, Meliha Benli Altunisik, and Mensur Akgün
Publication Date:
06-2004
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Turkish Economic and Social Studies Foundation (TESEV)
Abstract:
This paper represents the views of four individuals with academic backgrounds in social sciences who are familiar with the new dynamics of world politics as well as the language and practice of democratization. The authors of the paper are convinced that there is need for change in the direction of democratization in the Broader Middle East and North Africa (BMENA) region. Rejection of this need is unrealistic. A dilemma in the recent debates of democratization and reform in the BMENA is that the US, the very country that pushed the initiative for democratization to the forefront, suffers from a tide of anti-Americanism in the Middle East. The sights of torture of Iraqi prisoners further heightened anti-Americanism in the region to unprecedented levels. Such an environment hinders the legitimate discussion of democratization in the BMENA. However, the need for democratization in the region is obvious and increasingly appreciated, and thus should be assessed on its own merits.
Topic:
Democratization, Politics, Reform, and Civic Engagement
Political Geography:
Turkey, Middle East, and North Africa

1009. Reading, Writing and Reconciliation: Educational Reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author:
Valery Perry
Publication Date:
09-2003
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI)
Abstract:
The post-war reconstruction and state-building process in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) has been complex, with priorities changing as the country gradually normalizes and donor interests evolve. In mid-2002 the international community in BiH began a significant effort to modernize and reform BiH's education system to better prepare the country's youth to play productive social, economic and political roles in the future. Although educational reform gained significant attention in 2002, reforms efforts have been occurring at a variety of levels since 1996.
Topic:
Conflict Resolution, Development, Education, and Reform
Political Geography:
Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Eastern Europe

1010. Reforming the Arab Stand: A Saudi Initiative on Iraq and the Wider Arab World

Author:
Simon Henderson
Publication Date:
01-2003
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
Abstract:
Last week, the Saudi government published what it described as a "Charter to Reform the Arab Stand," a document intended for endorsement at the next summit of Arab leaders, due to be held in Bahrain in March. Addressed to Arab kings and presidents, the charter calls for more internal reforms and "categorically reject[s] any illegal external aggression against any Arab state."
Topic:
Security, Religion, and Reform
Political Geography:
Iraq, Middle East, Arabia, and Bahrain