Publication Year: within 25 Years / Topic: Green Technology

Author:: Jules-Daniel Wurlod and Joëlle Noailly
Publication Date:: 03-2016
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Centre for International Environmental Studies, The Graduate Institute (IHEID)
Abstract:: This paper analyses the impact of green innovation on energy intensity in a set of 14 industrial sectors in 17 OECD countries over the 1975-2005 period. We create a stock of green patents for each industrial sector and estimates a translog cost function to measure the impact of green innovation on energy intensity, next to other factors such as input substitution and autonomous technical change. We find that green innovation has contributed to the decline in energy intensity in the majority of sectors: the median elasticity of energy intensity with respect to green patenting is estimated at -0.03 in our sample. Hence, a 1% increase in green patenting activities in a given sector is associated with a 0.03% decline in energy intensity. The magnitude of the effect is larger in energy-intensive sectors and in more recent years. We also find that the impact of an additional green patent on energy intensity is larger than an average non-green patent. Our results are robust to alternative definitions of patents.
Topic:: Science and Technology, Green Technology, Innovation, Industry, Patents, OECD, and Energy
Political Geography:: Global Focus

Author:: David Ticoll
Publication Date:: 10-2015
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Munk School of Global Affairs at the University of Toronto
Abstract:: The report’s purpose is to equip City of Toronto decision makers with the information they need to identify and evaluate short and medium term policy, planning, and investment options that pertain to the onset of self-driving cars. The report provides independent analysis of statistical and qualitative information, drawing on literature reviews by the author and by UTTRI.
Topic:: Science and Technology, Infrastructure, Green Technology, and Urban
Political Geography:: Canada, North America, and Toronto

Author:: Joëlle Noailly and David Ryfisch
Publication Date:: 12-2014
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Centre for International Environmental Studies, The Graduate Institute (IHEID)
Abstract:: This paper presents novel empirical evidence on the internationalization of green R&D by multinational firms (MNCs), as measured by patents data. Using data on inventors’ addresses for the set of 1,200 MNCs firms patenting in green technologies over the 2004-2009 period, we find that about 17% of green patents result from MNCs R&D investments conducted outside their home countries. MNCs tend to locate their foreign green R&D activities in other OECD markets and in China, in particular in lightings and solar technologies. The empirical analysis reveals that the probability of conducting green R&D abroad increases with the host country’s stringency of environmental regulation, market size and (green) R&D intensity. Also, relatively lower wages for scientists and engineers, and stronger protection for intellectual property rights in the host country increase the likelihood for MNCs to offshore green R&D. The paper concludes by discussing the policy implications of this changing global innovation landscape.
Topic:: Green Technology, Multinational Corporations, and Research and Development
Political Geography:: Global Focus

Author:: Lisa-Marie Althaus
Publication Date:: 05-2013
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Institute for Development and Peace
Abstract:: Both the concept of sustainable development (SD) and the new green transformation concepts (GTC) aim for the integration of environmental protection and development. Previous comparative research on these GTC is not based on theoretically founded crite- ria that are related to the established development paradigm of SD. The study closes this research gap by providing a conceptual comparison of different GTC versions as pub- lished by UNEP, the OECD, and the German Advisory Council on Global Change (WBGU). The analysis reveals that GTC concepts are indeed based on central goals and principles of SD. Unlike the concept of SD, the GTC acknowledges planetary boundaries as limits to growth. However, the more economy-focused concepts of UNEP and the OECD do not only disregard important social goals but also concerns of intergenerational equity and the globality principle of SD. In contrast, the WBGU focuses on civil society participation and both intra- and intergenerational equity by aiming for decisive institu- tional changes. It is shown that this GTC partly extends beyond the scope of SD and thus could mark an important step with regard to the further development of the concept.
Topic:: Civil Society, Climate Change, Development, Economics, Green Technology, and Sustainability
Political Geography:: Global Focus

Author:: John Dolan
Publication Date:: 09-2007
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Abstract:: This article explains how Ireland has incorporated low energy design into primary and post-primary schools and gives an overview of projects that have helped inform this approach.
Topic:: Education, Energy Policy, Science and Technology, and Green Technology
Political Geography:: Europe and Ireland

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