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101. Aboriginal Self-Determination: A Comparative Study of New Zealand, Australia, and the United States of America

Author:
Katie Saulnier
Publication Date:
01-2014
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Institute for the Study of International Development, McGill University (ISID)
Abstract:
Aboriginal groups present with sub-par outcomes in key indicators of well-being across the board. Increased capacity for self-governance presents one possibility for improving these outcomes, but its implementation is complicated by historically acrimonious relationships with federal governments and the larger context of attempting to rectify the complex harms done by colonialism. The solution involves finding the right balance between creating spaces for self-governance and providing the necessary federal assistance where appropriate. This paper discusses the structure of and approaches to Aboriginal self-determination and selfgovernance in New Zealand, Australia, and the United States, with a view toward assessing which approaches could prove effective in Canada. It does so through a variety of lens and by examining impact assessments in a number of key areas.
Topic:
Development, Education, Health, Infrastructure, Self Determination, Economy, History, Colonialism, and Indigenous
Political Geography:
Australia, New Zealand, and United States of America

102. Colonialism in Ngbo Clan: A Historical Review

Author:
Kelechi Johnmary Ani
Publication Date:
03-2014
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Studies of Changing Societies Journal (SCS)
Institution:
Studies of Changing Societies Journal (SCS)
Abstract:
The Ngbo clan, during the colonial era, was made up of Umu Ogudu Oshia, Okposhi Eshi, Okposhi Eheku, Ekwashi, Amoffia, Emezaka and Ezzangbo. The intrusion of the colonial masters into the clan was visited by massive resistance that led to deaths on both sides. The paper showed that the colonial administration engaged in massive exploitation of the people to the level that there was disagreement between the District Officer of Abakaliki Division and the Resident Officer, Ogoja Province; on what should make up the task collectors salaries. To make matters worse, there was palpable lack of confidence between the colonial councilors and the people they represented. Soon, the Ngbo Court ceased to function because of the masses antagonism to colonial exploitation. Hence, the court building was used as a United African Company (U. A. C). Kernel buying station. The work therefore calls on the larger Igbo society to rise against all forms of negative neo-imperialism on our collective cultural commonwealth.
Topic:
History, Neoimperialism, and Colonialism
Political Geography:
Africa

103. Between Humanitarian Aid and Colonialism - The Case Study of French (Non) Intervention in Iraq and Mali.

Author:
Emin Eminagić and Viktoria Potapkina
Publication Date:
01-2013
Content Type:
Case Study
Institution:
The Centre for Security Studies
Abstract:
Peacekeeping missions in today's public discourse are perceived as agents of neocolonialism, and thus seen as widely unpopular. Although one cannot simply assume that there are no reasons for international interventions in conflict areas, as a real need to protect and help the civilian population might exist, upon scrutinizing the foreign policies of some world powers one can witness elements that are none other than neocolonialist in nature. Nevertheless, it remains a sensitive topic, which depending on the prism of the viewer can be interpreted as neocolonial exploitation of resources and labor force, or, on the other hand, seen as stimulating the local economy and building of local capacities for a functioning state. This paper is designed as a comparative case study of France’s (non) involvement in two regions – Iraq in 2003 and Mali in 2013. The time frame of ten years allows for a retrospective analysis of the possible decisions influencing French politicians to make the decision to not intervene in Iraq. The case of Mali is a rather new event and thus requires immediate attention to understand the underlying reasons for military action. Such a case study presents an intriguing opportunity for comparison. In regards to the case of the intervention in Iraq, France had immediate economic interests in the country, however, it, to this day, remains the most vocal opponent of the intervention, regardless of the fact that a large number of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) members participated in one way or another in the Operation Iraqi Freedom. In the case of Mali, France does not have any apparent economic interests in the region; however, it is the only NATO state carrying out the military operation in the country unilaterally as of writing of this paper. However it is not our intention to provide definitive answers on certain points of involvement and non-intervention, nor mark processes, but rather to provide a grassroot analysis on the the case study of Mali that would potentially best explain particular aspects of theoretical implications.
Topic:
Humanitarian Aid, Peacekeeping, Humanitarian Intervention, and Colonialism
Political Geography:
Iraq, France, and Mali