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81. R2P Monitor, Issue 41, 15 September 2018

Author:
Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect
Publication Date:
09-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
The Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect
Abstract:
R2P Monitor is a bimonthly bulletin applying the Responsibility to Protect lens to populations at risk of mass atrocities around the world. Issue 41 looks at developments in Afghanistan, Myanmar (Burma), Syria, Yemen, Cameroon, Burundi, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories, Nicaragua, Nigeria and South Sudan.
Topic:
Human Rights, International Community, Responsibility to Protect (R2P), and Atrocities
Political Geography:
Afghanistan, Israel, Yemen, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Palestine, Nicaragua, Syria, Nigeria, Burundi, Myanmar, South Sudan, Cameroon, and Central African Republic

82. R2P and Outcomes of the Human Rights Council’s 38th Session

Author:
Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect
Publication Date:
07-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
The Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect
Abstract:
The 38th regular session of the Human Rights Council (HRC) was held in Geneva between 18 June and 6 July 2018. As the primary international human rights body, the Human Rights Council has the capacity to prevent and respond to potential mass atrocity crimes. The summary below highlights major outcomes and relevant dialogues from the 38th session as they relate to the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) populations from genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and ethnic cleansing. As part of the session, the Netherlands and Australia delivered two statements on behalf of the 51 members of the Group of Friends of R2P.
Topic:
Responsibility to Protect (R2P), Atrocities, UN Human Rights Council (HRC), and Crimes Against Humanity
Political Geography:
Democratic Republic of the Congo, United Nations, Syria, and Eritrea

83. R2P Monitor, Issue 40, 15 July 2018

Author:
Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect
Publication Date:
07-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
The Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect
Abstract:
R2P Monitor is a bimonthly bulletin applying the Responsibility to Protect lens to populations at risk of mass atrocities around the world. Issue 40 looks at developments in Afghanistan, Central African Republic, Myanmar (Burma), Syria, Yemen, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, Burundi, Cameroon, Iraq, Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories and Nigeria.
Topic:
Human Rights, International Law, Responsibility to Protect (R2P), and Atrocities
Political Geography:
Afghanistan, Iraq, Israel, Yemen, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Palestine, Syria, Nigeria, Burundi, Myanmar, South Sudan, Cameroon, and Central African Republic

84. R2P Monitor, Issue 39, 15 May 2018

Author:
Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect
Publication Date:
05-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
The Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect
Abstract:
R2P Monitor is a bimonthly bulletin applying the Responsibility to Protect lens to populations at risk of mass atrocities around the world. Issue 39 looks at developments in Afghanistan, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Myanmar (Burma), Syria, Yemen, South Sudan, Burundi, Iraq and Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories.
Topic:
Human Rights, International Law, Responsibility to Protect (R2P), and Atrocities
Political Geography:
Afghanistan, Iraq, Israel, Yemen, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Palestine, Syria, Burundi, Myanmar, South Sudan, and Central African Republic

85. R2P and Outcomes of the Human Rights Council 37th Session

Author:
Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect
Publication Date:
04-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
The Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect
Abstract:
The 37th regular session of the Human Rights Council (HRC) was held in Geneva between the 26 February and 23 March 2018. As the primary international human rights body, the Human Rights Council has the capacity to prevent and respond to mass atrocity crimes, as systematic violations and abuses of human rights can be an indicator of potential genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity or ethnic cleansing. The summary below highlights major outcomes and relevant dialogues from the 37th session as they relate to the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) populations from such crimes. As part of the session, the Netherlands and Rwanda delivered two statements on behalf of the fifty-one members of the Group of Friends of R2P.
Topic:
International Law, Elections, Atrocities, and UN Human Rights Council (HRC)
Political Geography:
United Nations and Global Focus

86. R2P Monitor, Issue 38, 15 March 2018

Author:
Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect
Publication Date:
03-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
The Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect
Abstract:
R2P Monitor is a bimonthly bulletin applying the Responsibility to Protect lens to populations at risk of mass atrocities around the world. Issue 38 looks at developments in Myanmar (Burma), Syria, Yemen, Afghanistan, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, Central African Republic, Iraq and Burundi.
Topic:
Human Rights, International Law, Responsibility to Protect (R2P), and Atrocities
Political Geography:
Afghanistan, Iraq, Yemen, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Syria, Burundi, Myanmar, South Sudan, and Central African Republic

87. R2P Monitor, Issue 37, 15 January 2018

Author:
Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect
Publication Date:
01-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
The Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect
Abstract:
R2P Monitor is a bimonthly bulletin applying the Responsibility to Protect lens to populations at risk of mass atrocities around the world. Issue 37 looks at developments in Myanmar (Burma), Syria, Yemen, Afghanistan, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, Central African Republic, Iraq, Sudan, Burundi, Philippines, and Somalia.
Topic:
Human Rights, International Law, Responsibility to Protect (R2P), and Atrocities
Political Geography:
Afghanistan, Iraq, Sudan, Philippines, Yemen, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Syria, Somalia, Burundi, Myanmar, South Sudan, and Central African Republic

88. Understanding Nonstate Actor Behavior: The Determinants of Mass Atrocities

Author:
Cyanne E. Loyle
Publication Date:
02-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Simon-Skjodt Center for the Prevention of Genocide, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Abstract:
In 2014, the self-proclaimed Islamic State (IS) began a pattern of systematically targeting the Yezidi population in northern Iraq.1 That aggression involved violent attacks on civilians, forced relocation, starvation, and large-scale massacres. In its 2016 report on this topic, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum argued that this behavior by the IS is genocide (Kikoler 2016). What explains the IS’s tactical decision to engage in such behavior? How representative is this action across other rebel groups and violent nonstate actors? The recent surge in violence by groups such as IS and Boko Haram, along with their deliberate targeting of civilians, has intensified the need to understand the conditions under which nonstate groups choose to deliberately and systematically target civilians for extermination. To date, most of our research into genocide and mass atrocities has focused on those actions perpetrated by state actors. Yet current events have increased the need to understand this behavior across nonstate groups as well. Furthermore, although a well-developed academic literature exists on the civilian targeting behavior of rebel groups, that work has not addressed the tactical variation of groups that choose to systematically target civilians for extermination through large-scale, repeated attacks. In other words, although we have considered the strategy and rationale for civilian targeting, we have yet to systematically investigate the conditions that lead nonstate actors to commit mass atrocities. This paper sets out to address the question of the conditions under which nonstate actor (NSA) groups commit mass atrocities. That is, when do NSAs choose to deliberately, and on a large scale, target civilians? Understanding the use of this tactic across NSA groups has important implications for how we understand NSA behavior, as well as how we design and implement policy to prevent that behavior. This paper provides an overview of the data collection, research design, and data analysis completed for the 2016–17 Leonard and Sophie Davis Fellowship at the Simon-Skjodt Center for the Prevention of Genocide. This project aims to address the structural conditions, conflict, and group characteristics that make mass atrocity behavior by nonstate actors more likely with the intention of developing policy prescriptions to reduce or halt this behavior in the future.
Topic:
Non State Actors, Islamic State, Atrocities, and Boko Haram
Political Geography:
Global Focus

89. Is the Worst Yet to Come? Ongoing Mass Atrocity Risks in Syria

Author:
Naomi Kikoler and Janelle Roberts
Publication Date:
03-2018
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Simon-Skjodt Center for the Prevention of Genocide, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Abstract:
The Syrian crisis is not coming to a definitive end. Rather, it is entering a new phase in which civilians will face heightened risks of mass atrocities as the government intensifies its perpetration of atrocity crimes against Syrian civilians living in areas held by the armed opposition, in particular the besieged area of Eastern Ghouta and Idlib province. Furthermore, new scenarios of risks outside of these areas may develop as dynamics on the ground change. These new dynamics will pose risks to civilians for years to come. After seven years of assaults and more than 470,000 Syrians killed,1 an estimated 6.1 million Syrians internally displaced, and 5.5 million having fled the country,2 it is hard to imagine that conditions could worsen for civilians, but indicators point in that direction.
Topic:
Syrian War, Risk, Civilians, Atrocities, Armed Conflict, and Siege
Political Geography:
Middle East and Syria

90. The Legacy of Hannah Arendt’s Banality of Evil

Author:
Sabah Carrim
Publication Date:
12-2017
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Review of Human Rights
Institution:
Society of Social Science Academics (SSSA)
Abstract:
Contemporary thinkers such as Philip Zimbardo, Alexander Hinton and Elizabeth Minnich recently coined the terms Banality of Heroism, Banality of Everyday Thought, and Banality of Goodness respectively (without these concepts being the linchpins of their theses). These terms can be retraced to one thinker in particular who is constantly referred to by them: Hannah Arendt. Arendt’s Banality of Evil, a key concept in her work, was devised to discuss the trial of Adolf Eichmann in 1961. This paper seeks to critically analyze these “banalities,” and ascertain whether they have contributed meaningfully to the existing literature on the problem of evil.
Topic:
Atrocities, Hannah Arendt, and Evil
Political Geography:
Global Focus