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21. Spring 2018 edition of Contemporary Eurasia

Author:
Ruben Safrastyan
Publication Date:
04-2018
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Contemporary Eurasia
Institution:
Institute of Oriental Studies, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia
Abstract:
THE KARABAKH PROBLEM IN THE MID-2010’s............................... 9 ARMEN MANVELYAN THE IMPLICATIONS FOR EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION SOUTH CAUCASUS ENERGY POLICY ............................................... 19 MUSHEGH GHAHRIYAN POLITICAL CRISIS IN IRAQI KURDISTAN, 2013-2017 .................... 28 ARAM ABAJYAN NEW ERA WITH NEW OPPORTUNITIES: THE PERSPECTIVES OF CHINA AND THE GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL ECONOMIC AND ENERGY RELATIONS ........................................................................................... 37 SUBRAMANIAN KRISHNAN MANI THE MONUMENTS HERITAGE: THE INDIVIDUAL’S ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITY IN PRESERVING .................................................... 59 INESSA ARZUMANYAN ISIS RECRUITMENT FROMTHE SOUTHCAUCASUS: THE CASE OF GEORGIA ................................................................................. 91 NAREK MKRTCHYAN NEW LANGUAGE POLICY OF KAZAKHSTAN: A PROJECT OF KAZAKHIZATION? ........................................................................................106 ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSIONS AT THE INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES, NAS RA ON THE INDEPENDENCE REFERENDUM IN IRAQI KURDISTAN ............................................................................................. 120 ARMENIAN-POLISH COOPERATION: PAST, PRESENT AND PROSPECTS .............................................................................................. 122 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN SYRIA ............................................... 124
Topic:
Energy Policy, History, Islamic State, Economic Integration, and Political Crisis
Political Geography:
Eurasia, Kazakhstan, Armenia, Georgia, Syria, South Caucasus, Nagorno-Karabakh, and Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI)

22. Civil Society Voices: How the EU Should Engage Its Eastern Neighbours

Author:
Iskra Kirova and Sabine Freizer
Publication Date:
05-2015
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Open Society Foundations
Abstract:
The EU’s “eastern neighbourhood” is an increasingly complicated and contested space. The challenge of Russia’s resurgence and regional elites’ resistance to reform are forcing the EU to reevaluate its policies. With the launch of its Eastern Partnership six years ago, the EU was ready to offer its neighbors to the east—Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine—integration into the EU market, mobility of people, and close political ties in exchange for rule of law and democratic and economic reforms. Today, it questions whether this policy has secured its strategic interests and political influence. The Eastern Partnership reinforced domestic constituencies for change in at least three partners—Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine—that in 2014 signed association agreements. It has not lost the potential to contribute to democratic processes and support reformers in the other three: Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Belarus. The Eastern Partnership remains the EU’s most effective foreign policy instrument to build accountable and stable institutions and states, and uphold the EU’s commitment to its neighbors’ sovereignty and right to make independent foreign policy choices. This policy paper—the result of extensive discussions with experts and civil society leaders—highlights local concerns and expectations about the EU’s role in the region and its support for stability and democracy. As the EU rethinks its policies in the area, this paper offers recommendations on how to make the Eastern Partnership more effective and relevant to people, societies, and government, and to secure the EU’s interests in an increasingly polarized and unstable region.
Topic:
Civil Society, Nationalism, Regional Cooperation, European Union, Democracy, Economic Policy, Elites, and Economic Integration
Political Geography:
Europe, Ukraine, Moldova, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Belarus

23. Toward a Community of Practice: ECOWAS and Peace and Security Policy Communities in West Africa

Author:
Olawake Ismail
Publication Date:
02-2015
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Social Science Research Council
Abstract:
The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) was established in 1975 and has since evolved into a robust subregional group promoting economic integration across its members in several spheres, including commerce, transportation and telecommunications, energy and agriculture, monetary and financial policies, and peace and security.1 To fulfill objectives in these fields, ECOWAS established decision-making structures and policy development processes that include the Authority of Heads of State and Gov- ernment (AHSG); Council of Ministers (COM); a Community Court of Justice; an Executive Secretariat and Parliament; and other specialized commis- sions. The existence of these principal units notwithstanding, the ECOWAS decision-making and policy development process integrates other interven- ing variables that feed into the different channels of policy formulation and incidentally guide the trajectory along which policies emerge. This analysis focuses on ECOWAS’s nuanced (and complex) decision-making process as it relates to peace and security issues and the extent to which peace and security policy communities (including training and research institutions, academic and technical experts, and civil society activists) are engaged. The analysis is, unfortunately, limited by the absence of open source materials on the subject. While the literature on peace and security in West Africa—including the role of ECOWAS and reviews of its peace operations in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea Bissau, and Côte d’Ivoire—is extensive,3 little or no research and few publications are extant on ECOWAS’s institu- tional setting and its process for developing peace and security policy. The little available information includes that contained in ECOWAS’s website and fleeting mention and reference in a few publications. This discussion relies instead on the author’s more than ten years of studying, observing, and engaging in ECOWAS activities (including participation in policy-related workshops, seminars, and conferences), knowledge of peace and security issues in West Africa, and interviews and informal discussions with serving and former ECOWAS staff and experts on West Africa’s peace and security.
Topic:
Security, Peace, Economic Cooperation, and Economic Integration
Political Geography:
Africa and West Africa