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Begin New Search Topic Industrial Policy Publication Year within 1 Year

21. Green Industrial Policy: A Holistic Approach

Author:
Ilaria Mazzocco
Publication Date:
02-2024
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS)
Abstract:
In the United States, the rise of the economic-climate agenda and green industrial policy has coincided with growing attention to supply chain resilience, economic security, and a deteriorating U.S.-China relationship. As a consequence, the interaction between trade, geopolitics, domestic economic policy, and climate policy demands a new holistic approach from policymakers and civil society to find more politically sustainable and effective policy solutions. More consideration should be given to the specifics of U.S. climate strategy when it comes to trade and international relations and how to integrate climate strategy with the Inflation Reduction Act and green industrial policy efforts.
Topic:
Economics, Industrial Policy, Geopolitics, Trade, Sustainability, and Green Economy
Political Geography:
China and Asia

22. Leveraging EU industrial policy to reshape Greece’s productive model

Author:
Aggelos Tsakanikas and Petros Dimas
Publication Date:
04-2024
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Hellenic Foundation for European and Foreign Policy (ELIAMEP)
Abstract:
This policy brief explores the evolution and goals of industrial policy in the EU, aiming to identify the ways in which these recent developments can provide significant opportunities for Greece. In this context, we outline some of the key features of the fragmented landscape of Greek industrial strategies and suggest future directions through which the country can leverage the current momentum of industrial policy in the EU to pursue the restructuring of its productive base along the lines of sustainability, the twin (green and digital) transition, and European strategic autonomy. Since the Great Recession of 2008, the EU has openly supported coordinated and complementary policies in an effort to tackle structural deficiencies that render its productive systems vulnerable. The pandemic crisis, the Ukrainian war, and the general call for action against climate change have highlighted the need for the further reconfiguration of industrial development across the world along the lines of inclusion, sustainability, and resilience. The EU New Industrial Strategy and its update in the aftermath of the pandemic provide blends of horizontal and vertical actions that target resilience in the Single Market, EU strategic autonomy, and the acceleration of the green and digital (twin) transitions. In response to the energy crisis, the EU Green Deal Industrial Plan for the Net-Zero Age has been promoted to ensure that sustainable competitiveness goals are on track with the recent geopolitical developments. Greece has already aligned its strategic planning to the EU’s industrial policy objectives through a dedicated National Industrial Strategy and other strategic documents that target innovation, the green transition and sustainable development, and digitalization across key industrial ecosystems and value chains. Key initiatives, such as industrial alliances and Important Projects of Common European Interest (IPCEIs), major reforms through dedicated Acts, and an unprecedented wealth of financing and regulatory instruments outline significant opportunities of transformative potential Greece’s productive model. The country must meet the challenges of implementing its ambitious action plans, while simultaneously monitoring, evaluating, and updating its strategic orientation against the backdrop of a volatile global market environment. Different strategies should be integrated into a unified system of policies that creates a clear connection between, and path dependence for, different objectives, diverse market reforms and policy interventions.
Topic:
Industrial Policy, European Union, Sustainability, Strategic Autonomy, Green Transition, and Digital Transition
Political Geography:
Europe and Greece

23. Joint public procurement as a tool for European Union industrial policy

Author:
Francesco Nicoli and Roel Beetsma
Publication Date:
07-2024
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Bruegel
Abstract:
Joint procurement is an important tool that is currently under-exploited at European Union level. It can greatly enhance the effectiveness of public spending in Europe, achieving greater coherence between spending across different countries, exploiting monopsony power, producing economies of scale, reducing downward competition between public authorities, improving the single market and producing a degree of solidarity without resulting in redistribution between EU countries. The EU has already implemented several joint-procurement projects, including for COVID-19 vaccines, gas supplies and ammunition for Ukraine. These previous experiences can work both as a blueprint and as a pilot for larger-scale actions. Joint procurement could be particularly relevant in sectors with substantial economies-of-scale and industry-government ties, such as defence. Despite some degree of political opposition, experimental public opinion studies have shown consistently that joint procurement in such areas can strongly improve public support for EU-level action. Measures that could expand European joint procurement in a politically sustainable way include the use of framework contracts, which allow for ad-hoc commitments tailored to the needs of different EU countries; reporting by countries of their future large public procurement plans as a part of the European Semester so that the European Commission could propose coordinated actions if necessary; and the use of staggered contracting and multiple-award strategies, which can ensure a level playing field among companies of similar market power, promoting market-building and supporting the entry of new competitors.
Topic:
Industrial Policy, Governance, European Union, Macroeconomics, and Public Spending
Political Geography:
Europe

24. The three pillars of effective European Union competition policy

Author:
Fiona M. Scott Morton
Publication Date:
09-2024
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Bruegel
Abstract:
Competitiveness is a region’s ability to achieve high productivity, attracting businesses, creating jobs and fostering innovation. It stems from efficiently using resources, is driven by competitive markets and is supported by three pillars: competition policy, procompetitive industrial policy and regulation. Competition enforcement keeps markets competitive by preventing harmful practices such as cartels, dominance abuse and anticompetitive mergers. While there is a push to relax European Union merger laws to promote European ‘champions’, this risks inefficiency and monopolisation. Instead, expanding the EU’s market size while maintaining competition is essential, especially in digital sectors. Procompetitive industrial policy addresses market failures and fosters well-functioning markets by targeting externalities such as worker training, R&D and infrastructure. Unlike outdated policies favouring national champions, this approach should focus on EU-level initiatives that promote competition and deepen the single market. This allows firms to achieve scale and drive innovation. Monopolised markets, whether state-created or naturally formed, need regulation to ensure competitive outcomes. The EU Digital Markets Act (DMA) aims to enhance competition and innovation on digital platforms by mandating data sharing, non-discriminatory access and interoperability. However, resistance to compliance on the part of tech giants poses enforcement challenges. Without effective and timely enforcement, trust in the law will erode, stalling innovation and reducing Europe’s global regulatory influence. When competition enforcement, procompetitive industrial policy and monopoly regulation work together, markets benefit consumers, firms and workers. Effective EU policy will refine competition enforcement, regulate monopolies where necessary and redesign state aid strategically to create welfare-enhancing markets. This comprehensive approach ensures an economy that serves its people and remains competitive.
Topic:
Industrial Policy, European Union, Microeconomics, and Economic Competition
Political Geography:
Europe

25. The state of the UK economy 2024

Author:
UK in a Changing Europe
Publication Date:
01-2024
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
UK in a Changing Europe, King's College London
Abstract:
The state of the UK economy is always an important matter, but it is all the more so in what looks likely to be an election year. This UK in a Changing Europe report takes stock of the UK economy in order to assess how it can break from the current economic and political ‘doom loop’. The report provides a constructive framework to address the need for a longer-term, joined up approach in policy areas, ranging from education to immigration, to public services and artificial intelligence. It shows that there is no single silver bullet for the problems facing the UK economy, however a number of themes have emerged. The UK has long been plagued by short-termism and political instability which needs to be addressed. Edited by Senior Fellow Professor Jonathan Portes, it brings together leading UK academics on the economy from universities across the UK, the Migration Observatory, the Institute for Fiscal Studies and other research institutions.
Topic:
Education, Industrial Policy, Migration, Economy, Tax Systems, Macroeconomics, Trade, Artificial Intelligence, Housing, Labor Market, Public Service, Productivity, and Net Zero
Political Geography:
United Kingdom and Europe