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2. Budget Brief: Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM)
- Author:
- Neeha Susan Jacob, Sidharth Santhosh, and Avani Kapur
- Publication Date:
- 02-2023
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Centre for Policy Research, India
- Abstract:
- Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) is Government of India’s (GoI’s) rural drinking water programme to provide functional tap connections to every household for drinking, cooking, and other domestic needs on a sustainable basis by 2024. It subsumes the National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP). This brief uses government data to report on: ■ GoI allocations, releases, and expenditures; ■ Component-wise trends; ■ Progress on coverage; and ■ Paani Samitis for Operations and Maintenance (O and M).
- Topic:
- Water, Governance, Budget, Rural, Sustainability, and Public Spending
- Political Geography:
- South Asia and India
3. Budget Brief: Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
- Author:
- Ria Kasliwal, Mridusmita Bordoloi, and Avani Kapur
- Publication Date:
- 02-2023
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Centre for Policy Research, India
- Abstract:
- Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) is Government of India’s (GoI’s) flagship scheme to provide at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year to every rural household that demands work. Using government reported data, this brief reports on the trends for: ■ Allocations, releases, and expenditures; ■ Paid wages and delayed compensations; and ■ Employment demanded and provided.
- Topic:
- Governance, Budget, Employment, Rural, and Public Spending
- Political Geography:
- South Asia and India
4. Budget Brief: Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
- Author:
- Ria Kasliwal, Mridusmita Bordoloi, and Avani Kapur
- Publication Date:
- 02-2023
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Centre for Policy Research, India
- Abstract:
- Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) is Government of India’s (GoI’s) flagship scheme to provide at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year to every rural household that demands work. Using government reported data, this brief reports on the trends for: ■ Allocations, releases, and expenditures; ■ Paid wages and delayed compensations; and ■ Employment demanded and provided
- Topic:
- Employment, Public Policy, and Rural
- Political Geography:
- South Asia and India
5. Barriers or catalysts? Traditional institutions and social mobility in rural India
- Author:
- Vegard Iversen, Anustup Kundu, Rahul Lahoti, and Kunal Sen
- Publication Date:
- 10-2023
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- United Nations University
- Abstract:
- We examine how village-level social group dominance affects the educational and occupational mobility of minority and other social groups in rural India across multiple generations. We distinguish between upper caste and own-group dominance and examine the mechanisms underpinning inequality in mobility outcomes. We find inequality in upward educational mobility to have significantly narrowed over time, with Scheduled Castes doing better in upper caste- and own-dominated villages, while Scheduled Tribes and Muslims do worse in own-dominated villages. In contrast, for occupational mobility we find no evidence of minority groups catching up with upper castes; Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are particularly disadvantaged, but Scheduled Castes, again, do comparatively better in their own-dominated villages. Exploring the mechanisms that explain the relationships between land dominance regimes and mobility, we find that a combination of agroecological and natural resource base and social cohesion of villages underpins the differences observed more than public goods provision. Our findings suggest a new pattern of inequality where historically disadvantaged groups appear less able to convert educational gains into labour market and occupational progress.
- Topic:
- Education, Inequality, Rural, Social Mobility, and Traditional Institutions
- Political Geography:
- South Asia and India
6. Community Governance During COVID-19: Case Studies from Rural Areas of Bangladesh
- Author:
- Tanvir Shatil, Md. Rohmotul Islam, Huraera Jabeen, and Shahaduz Zaman
- Publication Date:
- 01-2023
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- BRAC Institute of Governance and Development (BIGD), Brac University
- Abstract:
- This working paper investigates community-driven initiatives in rural Bangladesh that emerged in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and persisted beyond the crisis. Focusing on the sustainability of these initiatives, the study explores the preconditions for collective actions, the development of community-level governance during the crisis, and the mobilization and longevity of these efforts. Supported by the Institute of Development Studies, the research aims to contribute valuable insights into community governance mechanisms in low-resource areas, offering potential solutions for designing resilient emergency interventions and addressing long-term development challenges.
- Topic:
- Development, Governance, Rural, COVID-19, and Community Initiatives
- Political Geography:
- Bangladesh and South Asia
7. Characteristics and Determinants of International Migration: The Recent Phenomenon of Migration of Bhutanese to International Destinations
- Author:
- Tobden Tobden, Lhawang Ugyel, and Tashi Dorjee
- Publication Date:
- 12-2023
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Journal of Bhutan Studies
- Institution:
- Centre for Bhutan & GNH Studies (CBS)
- Abstract:
- The trend in international migration has always been increasing. However, in Bhutan, the rising number of international migrants, which has surged in recent years, is a new phenomenon. This paper explores the recent development of international migration of Bhutanese to countries, such as India, Australia, USA and countries in Middle-East Asia. It examines the characteristics of Bhutanese international migrants. The study also analyses the underlying reasons that drives international migration in Bhutan. As such, this study is one of the first comprehensive investigations on international migration of Bhutanese that leverages data from the two major Population and Housing Censuses conducted in the country thus far. In doing so, this paper seeks to provide an insight into the impact of international migration on the demographic structure and the policies that influence such migration.
- Topic:
- Development, Migration, Urbanization, Rural, Push Factor, and Pull Factor
- Political Geography:
- South Asia and Bhutan
8. Rural Sanitation Practices: A Rapid Assessment Study for Odisha
- Author:
- Anindita Mukherjee, Anju Dwivedi, and Neha Agarwal
- Publication Date:
- 01-2021
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Centre for Policy Research, India
- Abstract:
- The state of Odisha has made unprecedented strides in increasing access to individual toilets from 14% in 2011 to a purported 100% in 2019 under the Swachh Bharat Mission - Gramin. In light of the clarion call of a ‘Swachha Odisha, Sustha Odisha’, and the national imperatives set by the National Rural Sanitation Strategy, 2019-2029, the state has created a systematic framework towards the achievement of total sanitation in the form of the Odisha Rural Sanitation Policy, 2020. To inform the creation of the Policy and shape its contours for responding optimally to ground realities, we undertook a rapid assessment of the prevailing sanitation practices in three districts of the state. The present report discusses the resulting findings relating to varied aspects of rural sanitation - ranging from trends in toilet use and on-site sanitation systems to the availability and state of Solid and Liquid Waste Management (SLWM) infrastructure.
- Topic:
- Infrastructure, Governance, Rural, and Sanitation
- Political Geography:
- South Asia and India
9. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
- Author:
- Sanjana Malhotra, Vastav Irava, Meghna Paul, and Avani Kapur
- Publication Date:
- 02-2021
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Centre for Policy Research, India
- Abstract:
- Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) is Government of India’s (GoI’s) flagship scheme to provide at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a Financial Year (FY) to every rural household that demands work. To boost employment opportunities and cater to increased demand from an estimated 67 lakh returnee migrant workers, GoI launched the Garib Kalyan Rojgar Abhiyaan (GKRA) in mission mode for 116 districts across six states of the country. Against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, this brief uses government data to report on: Trends in MGNREGS allocations, releases, and expenditures; Scheme performance with respect to wages paid and employment provided given the increased demand for work; and Trends in finances and employment generation under GKRA.
- Topic:
- Government, Labor Issues, Employment, Rural, and Allocations
- Political Geography:
- South Asia and India
10. Jal Jeevan Mission
- Author:
- Sanjana Malhotra, Vastav Irava, and Avani Kapur
- Publication Date:
- 02-2021
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Centre for Policy Research, India
- Abstract:
- Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) is Government of India’s (GoI’s) rural drinking water programme to provide functional tap connections to every household for drinking, cooking, and other domestic needs on a sustainable basis by 2024. It subsumes the previous National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP). Against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, this brief uses government data to report on: GoI allocations, releases, and expenditures; Component-wise trends; Progress on coverage
- Topic:
- Government, Water, Rural, and COVID-19
- Political Geography:
- South Asia and India
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