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Begin New Search Topic Inclusion Political Geography South Asia

11. Leveraging Urban Inclusion through Education: Study on BRAC Slum School Project

Author:
Nowreen Yasmin, Samir Ranjan Nath, and Mohammad Anwar Hossain
Publication Date:
05-2018
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
BRAC Institute of Governance and Development (BIGD), Brac University
Abstract:
Slum becomes one of the major concerns particularly for developing countries like Bangladesh in order to sustain the initiatives taken for urban development. The challenges faced by the slum habitants is badly intertwined, and education has always got the least priority for this community. Moreover, inadequate school facilities, higher expense of schooling, difficulties in getting enrolled, distance of the school, and child labour deteriorate the situation and accentuates the problem of lower educational attainment of this population. This research was commissioned to examine the outcome and challenges of the Urban Slum School Project of BRAC Education Program which was initiated in 2013. In response to the research objective, a quantitative approach had dominantly been employed in this study. The baseline survey was carried out with a randomly selected sample of 50 slum schools and 1000 households of the students in 2013. That initiative was followed by an endline research at the end of 2016. Household survey, school survey, and learning achievement test for the students of grade V have been utilised. For the endline study, in total 82 schools: 50 slum schools of baseline study and 32 other BRAC schools as a comparison group; had been selected as sample for the survey and competences achievement test in 2016. There were two comparison groups: 18 rural BRAC primary schools and 14 urban (non-slum) BRAC primary schools.
Topic:
Education, Urban, Inclusion, and Schools
Political Geography:
Bangladesh and South Asia

12. A Policy Proposal for Green Jobs in India A Quantitative Analysis on Inclusivity of Green Jobs

Author:
Rohit Azad and Shouvik Chakraborty
Publication Date:
03-2018
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Centre for Sustainable Employment, Azim Premji University
Abstract:
The policymakers, particularly on the right side of the aisle, have traditionally stigmatized any form of environmental regulations, as being a detrimental practice, which raises the cost of production, disproportionately affects the small businesses, and imposes expenses on the economy that tend to stifle economic growth and cut levels of employment (Murphy et al. [2015]). So, what this argument does is to essentially juxtapose environmental regulations against the growth and job opportunities in any economy. In the specific context of developing countries, this raises serious concerns about any environmental regulations as these economies are already reeling under problems of severe unemployment and poverty. Therefore, any discussion on clean energy in the context of a developing economy is usually taken with a grain of salt since it somehow tends to generate a feeling among the politicians as well as the policymakers that it will inflict hardships on the economy.
Topic:
Environment, Regulation, Economy, Economic Growth, Inclusion, and Green Jobs
Political Geography:
South Asia and India

13. Secure and Inclusive Pakistan: A policy framework of secure and cohesive Pakistan

Author:
Pak Institute for Peace Studies (PIPS)
Publication Date:
11-2017
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Pak Institute for Peace Studies (PIPS)
Abstract:
The road to a secure Pakistan lays in upholding its diversity. To counter against extremist violence, ensure that the “diversity within” acknowledges inclusion in all aspects of lives. With this benchmark in all policies, the space to militants will be greatly reduced. Extremist wave has gravely threatened Pakistan’s diversity. Non-Muslims and even Muslims of varied sects have not only been attacked by militants from distant parts of the country, but have also been forced into silence by the beliefs of those around them. Eliminating extremism, therefore, requires efforts at developing a holistic counter-violent extremism (CVE) strategy, covering multiple fronts. That strategy should operate not only in the physical domain, but also intellectual, by annulling extremists’ dogmas. Fighting militants on the ground or in the field is as important as fighting them through strategies that don’t necessarily pick up fight, one of them being condition-based rehabilitation or reintegration of (repentant and ready-to-quit-violence) militants. Similarly, besides ridding madrassas of their sectarian biases, CVE strategy should also prioritize educating young boys and girls with tolerant messages and sensitizing their teachers. Local cultures should be appreciated, but not at the cost of rights and lives of women. All such measures will achieve pluralistic co-existence.
Topic:
Islam, Women, Diversity, Inclusion, and Countering Violent Extremism
Political Geography:
Pakistan and South Asia

14. Promoting inclusion in political settlements: a priority for international actors?

Author:
Clare Castillejo
Publication Date:
03-2014
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Norwegian Centre for Conflict Resolution
Abstract:
There is growing evidence of the importance of inclusive political settlements in enabling a sustainable exit from conflict, particularly in contexts where exclusion has been a major conflict driver. Similarly, at the policy level many international actors working in fragile contexts are seeking to strengthen their work on political settlements, including by promoting greater inclusion in political settlement bargaining processes and outcomes. This report seeks to draw out some key lessons for international engagement on political settlements in fragile contexts. The report summarises the current evidence about the importance of inclusive political settlements in different types of fragile context. It also discusses what forms, levels, and processes of inclusion are both desirable and possible. It goes on to explore lessons from three countries – Rwanda, Guatemala and Nepal – where exclusion was a key driver of conflict and inclusive political settlements have been a central element of peacebuilding, albeit in very different ways. Finally, the report examines the role international actors can and do play in shaping political settlements in fragile states and discusses some of the main entry points, dilemmas and challenges they may face in promoting greater inclusion in political settlements.
Topic:
Conflict Resolution, Treaties and Agreements, Settlements, and Inclusion
Political Geography:
Africa, South Asia, Nepal, Central America, Rwanda, and Guatemala