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262. Poland at the Crossroads Between Authoritarianism and Democracy
- Author:
- Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies
- Publication Date:
- 01-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies, Harvard University
- Abstract:
- Symbolic ensembles that are often displayed in the public sphere by right-wing populists are “thick” in this sense. They include many inter-locked symbols that – in combination – allow for a narrower range of possible interpretations and thus attract a smaller, in this case right wing leaning group of people. They constitute the symbolic base of Polish thick populism, an exclusionary and polarizing political-cultural formation, that at the moment is supported by well over one third of the Polish population, controls the government, and slowly dismantles Polish liberal democracy.
- Topic:
- Authoritarianism, Democracy, and Domestic Politics
- Political Geography:
- Europe, Eastern Europe, and Poland
263. From the Vatican to Madrid, Paris and Warsaw: “Gender Ideology” in Motion
- Author:
- David Paternotte
- Publication Date:
- 04-2016
- Content Type:
- Video
- Institution:
- Clarke Forum for Contemporary Issues
- Abstract:
- After decades of steady progress in terms of gender and sexual rights, several parts of Europe are facing new waves of resistance. These oppose the so-called ‘gender ideology,’ and unveil a crucial role of the Roman Catholic Church. This talk by David Paternotte gives an overview of anti-gender movements in Europe.
- Topic:
- Education, Gender Issues, Religion, Social Movement, Conservatism, Social Justice, and Christianity
- Political Geography:
- Europe, France, Poland, Belgium, Spain, North America, Vatican city, and European Union
264. Study and Reports on the VAT Gap in the EU-28 Member States: 2016 Final Report
- Author:
- Grzegorz Poniatowski, Mikhail Bonch-Osmolovsky, and Misha V. Belkindas
- Publication Date:
- 09-2016
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Center for Social and Economic Research - CASE
- Abstract:
- The analysis serves as the Final Report for the DG TAXUD Project 2015/CC/131, “Study and Reports on the VAT Gap in the EU-28 Member States”, which is a follow up to the reports published in 2013, 2014, and 2015. In this report, estimates of the VAT Gap and the Policy Gap for the year 2014 are presented, as well as revised estimates for the years 2010–2013 “due to the transmission” of Eurostat national accounts from the ESA95 to the ESA10. This update covers Croatia, which was not included in the previous updates. While it was hoped that the update would also cover Cyprus, it has not been possible due to incomplete national accounts data. The VAT Gap is a measure of VAT compliance and enforcement that provides an estimate of revenue loss due to fraud and evasion, tax avoidance, bankruptcies, financial insolvencies, as well as miscalculations. It is defined as the difference between the amount of VAT collected and the VAT Total Tax Liability (VTTL), which is expressed in the report in bothabsolute and relative terms. The VTTL is the theoretical tax liability according to tax law, and is estimated using a “top-down” approach.
- Topic:
- Economic Growth, Tax Systems, Macroeconomics, Fiscal Policy, Innovation, VAT, and Trade
- Political Geography:
- Europe, Poland, Croatia, and European Union
265. The impact of pension system reform on projected old-age income: the case of Poland
- Author:
- Elena Jarocinska and Anna Ruzik-Sierdzińska
- Publication Date:
- 05-2016
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Center for Social and Economic Research - CASE
- Abstract:
- This paper analyses the distributional effects of the Polish old-age pension reform introduced in 1999. Following a benchmark Mincer earnings equation, and using a newly developed microsimulation model we project future pension benefits for males born in years 1969–1979. We find that inequality of predicted first pension benefits measured by the Gini coefficient increases from 0.119 to 0.165 for cohorts of men retiring between 2036 and 2046. The observed increased inequality of pension benefits is due to the decreasing share of initial capital that is based on a more generous DB formula in the total accumulated pension capital. At the same time, inequality in replacements rates decreases due to a stronger link between contributions paid through the entire working life and pension benefits.
- Topic:
- Demographics, Economics, Labor Issues, Inequality, Social Policy, Public Policy, Innovation, and Aging
- Political Geography:
- Europe, Poland, and European Union
266. Change in Economic Policy Paradigm: Privatization and State Capture in Poland
- Author:
- Piotr Kozarzewski and Maciej Bałtowski
- Publication Date:
- 07-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Center for Social and Economic Research - CASE
- Abstract:
- Piotr Kozarzewski and Maciej Bałtowski analyse the causes and manifestations of Poland’s recent shift in economic policy towards a more active role of the state, and use privatization policy as an example. The authors examine the effects of the privatization policy and point to a large unfinished agenda in ownership transformation that has had an adverse impact on the institutional setup of the Polish state, creating grounds for rent seeking and cronyism, which, in turn, impede the pace of privatization. They find out that it is the increasing capture of the state by rent-seeking groups, and not, contrary to popular opinion, the global financial crisis, that most contributes to the growing statist trends of Poland’s economic policy. The publication is a part of a CASE Working Papers series.
- Topic:
- Privatization, Financial Crisis, Reform, State, Economic Policy, Institutions, and Macroeconomics
- Political Geography:
- Europe and Poland
267. The Collaborative Economy in Poland and Europe: A Tool for Boosting Female Employment?
- Author:
- Karolina Beaumont
- Publication Date:
- 07-2016
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Center for Social and Economic Research - CASE
- Abstract:
- The collaborative economy is a relatively new economic approach based on peer-to-peer transactions. It includes the shared creation, production and consumption of goods and services accessible for all through online platforms and smartphone applications. It is a burgeoning business model that is experiencing increased interest in all European countries. Statistics show that Poland already has an above-average number of women who are interested in self-employment. Furthermore, formal female employment in Poland is quite low by European standards. This situation implies great potential for the development of the participation of women in the collaborative economy. The paper “The Collaborative Economy in Poland and Europe: A Tool for Boosting Female Employment?” by Karolina Beaumont discusses the challenges of the collaborative economy as a system stimulating female social and economic empowerment and assesses the opportunities offered by the collaborative economy in increasing the female labour participation rate amongst Polish women.
- Topic:
- Gender Issues, Labor Issues, Women, Employment, Inequality, Economy, Social Policy, and Labor Policies
- Political Geography:
- Europe and Poland
268. VAT non-compliance in Poland under scrutiny
- Author:
- Grzegorz Poniatowski, Jarek Neneman, and Tomasz Michalik
- Publication Date:
- 07-2016
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Center for Social and Economic Research - CASE
- Abstract:
- Since 2009, despite constant growth in the tax base and only slight variations in effective rates, the trend in VAT revenue in Poland has been reversed, and inflows have become less stable. The ongoing decline in VAT collection and the increase in the uncertainty related to the main component of budget revenues is a very important problem, which in the light of growing budget spending may threaten the stability of public finances. In the new mBank - CASE Seminar Proceedings three experts: Grzegorz Poniatowski, dr. Jarosław Neneman and Tomasz Michalik examine the structure and the causes of the VAT gap as well as the legal context and possible methods of improving VAT compliance at national and European level.
- Topic:
- Budget, Economic Growth, Tax Systems, Fiscal Policy, and VAT
- Political Geography:
- Europe, Poland, and European Union
269. The condition of and prospects for the private equity funds market in Poland
- Author:
- Barbara Nowakowska, Piotr Noceń, Michał Surowski, and Michał Popiołek
- Publication Date:
- 02-2016
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Center for Social and Economic Research - CASE
- Abstract:
- In the publication, Barabara Nowakowska and Piotr Noceń discuss 'Poland’s Private Equity Market: Current Conditions and Development Prospects', and Michał Surowski and Michał Popiołek describe 'Private Equity From a Bank’s Perspective'.
- Topic:
- Development, Markets, Financial Markets, Economic Growth, Banks, Innovation, and Trade
- Political Geography:
- Europe, Poland, and European Union
270. Quo vadis, Ukraine? Is there a chance for success?
- Author:
- Ivan Mikloš
- Publication Date:
- 01-2016
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Center for Social and Economic Research - CASE
- Abstract:
- "If I were to say just one thing about Ukraine, I think I would have to stress it is the most underperforming country of all the countries I know. Ukraine has had, and indeed still does have, a lot of potential. In the beginning of 1990s, in 1992 to be precise, Deutsche Bank prepared an analysis of the chances for the former Soviet Union states to be reformed and developed successfully, and according to this analysis, Ukraine had the best chance among them all to be successful. We know that in reality the opposite happened, and Ukraine is in a very difficult situation now. The main reason for this situation is that when at the beginning of 1990s communist countries collapsed, the old system in Ukraine was not replaced by a new one, one of functioning market economy. It was eroded, but not exactly replaced the way it happened for example in Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and the Baltic states. The country was captured by oligarchs, and a very strange, dysfunctional, and corrupted system was created instead."
- Topic:
- Development, Economies, Finance, Economic Growth, Trade, and Post-Socialist Economies
- Political Geography:
- Europe, Central Asia, Ukraine, Caucasus, Eastern Europe, and Poland