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12. Political and Economic Dimensions of the Dominance of Selected Asian Recycling Yards in the World
- Author:
- Malgorzata Kamola-Cieslik
- Publication Date:
- 01-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Polish Political Science Yearbook
- Institution:
- Polish Political Science Association (PPSA)
- Abstract:
- India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan have dominated the global ship recycling market in the 21st century. A recycled ship provides steel and other metals for industrial reuse. In addition to economic gains, ship recycling affects the environment and workers’ health. The article compares the changes in the policies of the governments of India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan regarding recycling shipyard operations from 2009-2022 in the context of international and EU law standards. It also shows the impact of international organizations, shipbuilding trade unions, Shipbreaking Platform non-governmental, Maersk shipping company, and Norway on the decisions of South Asian countries to make them ratify the Hong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships. Analysis of the collected research material allows us to conclude that the governments of India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan have shown varying degrees of understanding of introducing legal regulations for safe ship recycling.
- Topic:
- Government, International Law, Recycling, and Trade Unions
- Political Geography:
- Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, and Asia
13. The Modest Geopolitical Case for Pakistan
- Author:
- Ted Craig
- Publication Date:
- 05-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- American Diplomacy
- Institution:
- American Diplomacy
- Abstract:
- Pakistan is no longer an imperative for the United States. With the withdrawal of American troops from Afghanistan and the fall of the Afghan government in August 2021, our critical need for Pakistan as the only reliable land and air route into that landlocked country has all but ended. The US embassy in Islamabad is working admirably with Pakistan authorities to ensure that Pakistan remains a viable exit route for the Afghan allies for whom we seek to provide refuge, but the daily necessity of Pakistan to supply our troops, diplomats, and development officers is over. Conversely, we are no longer compelled to engage Pakistan in the vain hope it will eliminate the sanctuary it long provided the Taliban. It never did, and the Afghan Taliban’s victory owes as much to the safe haven that Pakistan gave it as it does to the corrupted Afghan state that our overabundance of dollars helped create. After the United States’ humiliating exit from Kabul, there is an understandable impulse in Washington to wash our hands of the uncomfortable and often morally compromised relationship with Pakistan. We no longer need much from Islamabad (or Rawalpindi, the Army’s headquarters), and we have a seemingly more important relationship to build with Pakistan’s archrival India. But turning our backs on Pakistan is the wrong play. To date, the Biden administration has authorized some valuable diplomatic reengagement with Pakistan, cleared a sustainment package for previous Pakistan military purchases, and sent generous assistance in response to 2022 flooding. But the White House has not offered high-level engagement. In Washington corridors, there is a clear sense that the White House is Pakistan-skeptical.
- Topic:
- Foreign Policy, Diplomacy, Taliban, and Geopolitics
- Political Geography:
- Pakistan and South Asia
14. Impact of Watching Cartoons on Student’s Emotional Regulation and Vocabulary Acquisition in South Asian Primary Schools
- Author:
- Mehwish Liaqat and Shumaila Rasheed
- Publication Date:
- 01-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- South Asian Studies
- Institution:
- Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab
- Abstract:
- This study employs a quantitative approach to investigate the impact of watching cartoons on students' emotional regulation and vocabulary acquisition at primary level in South Asian primary schools. The research design describes elements aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between cartoon consumption and developmental aspects among young learners in the South Asian educational context. The study examined at primary schools in Lahore and involved 400 parents of primary school students. These parents were chosen randomly. Data was gathered using a structured questionnaire, and the results were examined using SPSS-26 for statistical analysis. The study shows that watching cartoons helps primary school students in Lahore improve their emotional control and learn new words. The findings designate that students' emotional regulation and vocabulary acquisition assistance from watching cartoons. These outcomes determine the way that watching child's shows can contribution small kids with creating significant capabilities. The study focuses on how cartoons might help South Asian primary school students learn vocabulary and better manage their emotions.
- Topic:
- Education, Cartoons, Emotional Regulation, Vocabulary Acquisition, and Primary Schools
- Political Geography:
- Pakistan and South Asia
15. Conceptions of Farm Laborers and Salaried Class About Politics and Government: A Case Study of Kala Shah Kaku, Sheikhupura, Punjab, Pakistan.
- Author:
- Zeeshan Saif Chadhar
- Publication Date:
- 07-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- South Asian Studies
- Institution:
- Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab
- Abstract:
- This study aims to measure conceptions of farm laborers and salaried class about politics and government. This is a significant segment that needs to be shadowed to find its involvement in politics and their political thoughts. This study discovers vulnerable communities how they take part in political activities and their insights regarding the political system. In this study, a qualitative contact analysis approach was used. Two communities were selected: semi urban area named-ziabad consisting of the salaried class, and a rural area named Kala Shah Kaku, consisting of farm laborers. This research will be useful for the developmental and policy-making departments of government, NGOs, and academia. It will provide original findings and promote further research.
- Topic:
- Agriculture, Labor Issues, NGOs, Academia, Farming, and Vulnerability
- Political Geography:
- Pakistan and South Asia
16. Pakistan's Declining Human Development Index (HDI) and the Requisite Policy Reforms
- Author:
- Shehla Saleem Mughal and Zaheer Liaqat Baig
- Publication Date:
- 07-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- South Asian Studies
- Institution:
- Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab
- Abstract:
- This paper is an attempt to study the Human Development Index (HDI), its components and trend over the last ten years. It has strived to understand the relationship between policy choices adopted by the policy makers to devise economic policies and their impact on the standards of living or per capita income. Similarly, it has conducted to study how the budget expenditures in the health and education sectors in Pakistan impact the key human development indicators like life expectancy and average levels of education. At a time when Pakistan faces ongoing challenges in these sectors, understanding how public spending affects human development is not doubt, of critical importance for informed policymaking. The analysis focuses on secondary data obtained from government budget reports, health statistics, and education assessments. It examines trends in budget allocations and explores how differences in funding levels affect public health outcomes and educational attainment. Research highlights that, inadequate educational funding contributes to lower mean education levels while inadequate investment in health can lead to lower life expectancy rates. The key findings suggest that prioritizing public needs, in the form of increased public spending on health and education and provision of favorable environment for sustainable standard of living, is positively associated with improvements in life expectancy and educational outcomes. This relationship underscores the importance of prioritizing these sectors within national budget frameworks. The findings encourage the policy makers to understand that strategic investments in human capital are fruitful and yield long-term benefits for the economy and society. The study is significant as it emphasizes the need for efficient allocation of resources and calls for a shift in policy priorities to improve standard of living along with up-lifting the health and education services. Hence, the research serves as a valuable resource for advocacy groups seeking increased funding for these vital areas of human development in Pakistan. This study solicited for a adopting a comprehensive approach towards public policy and investment. Moreover, it intends to supplement the existing research by establishing a relationship between policy measures including human development indicators and budgetary expenditures with a special emphasis to improvement in standards of living and fostering social and economic progress in Pakistan.
- Topic:
- Development, Reform, Economic Policy, Human Development, and Budgeting
- Political Geography:
- Pakistan and South Asia
17. Beyond Quotas: Examining Patriarchal Barriers to Women's Political Participation in Pakistan
- Author:
- Tariq Rahim
- Publication Date:
- 06-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Journal of Political Studies
- Institution:
- Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab
- Abstract:
- The purpose of this study is to examine the complex interplay between Pakistan’s patriarchal system and women's limited participation in politics. It offers a critical analysis of the cultural barriers, gender biases, and structural constraints that hinder women's active engagement in Pakistani politics. The study argues that the deeply entrenched patriarchal structure in Pakistan reinforces power imbalances, which in turn restrict women's freedom, mobility, and autonomy. Women are assigned subordinate roles within the social hierarchy, discouraging their involvement in political processes. Although reserved seats have been established to improve women's representation in national and regional legislatures, women continue to face multiple challenges in political engagement, including limited access to resources, social resistance and male-dominated institutions. Addressing the issue of women's underrepresentation in Pakistani politics necessitates comprehensive efforts that involve challenging patriarchal norms, eliminating institutional barriers, ensuring equal access to resources and opportunities, and enacting laws and policies that protect and advance women's rights.
- Topic:
- Women, Domestic Politics, Representation, Engagement, Patriarchy, Political Participation, and Quota
- Political Geography:
- Pakistan and South Asia
18. Electoral Authoritarianism with Pakistani Characteristics An analysis of mandate manufacturing from the dynamics of electioneering in hybrid regimes
- Author:
- Fahad Abdullah
- Publication Date:
- 12-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Journal of Political Studies
- Institution:
- Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab
- Abstract:
- The paper attempts to explain the discomfort and reluctance of such regimes to accommodate popularly elected governments. To identify the distinct traits and procedures that characterize hybrid governance, this paper conducts a feature analysis of hybrid regime typologies such as defective democracy, electoral (competitive) authoritarian regimes, neo-authoritarianism, and hegemonic authoritarian regimes. After a survey of literature through qualitative content analysis, it is hypothesized that in multiparty hybrid systems, the decision to organize free and fair elections is significantly influenced by elite fragmentation. Adopting democratic reforms becomes a calculated move to manage internal conflict and maintain the regime's legitimacy in the context of internal power dynamics and disagreements within the ruling class. This suggests that variation in regime capacity to channel political support needs to be taken into account when examining the relationship between state capacity and electoral control under authoritarianism. Thus, it follows that elite fragmentation among important institutions—the political class, over-ambitious factions of the judiciary, military, bureaucracy, business tycoons, powerful religious clergy, and other key stakeholders— play a significant role in maintaining the inherent nature of multiparty electoral authoritarianism to manufacture mandate and resist popular opinion.
- Topic:
- Public Opinion, Authoritarianism, Elections, Hybrid Regime, Elite Fragmentation, and State Capacity
- Political Geography:
- Pakistan and South Asia
19. Standard of facilities available for females in Slum Settlements
- Author:
- Zeeshan Saif Chadhar
- Publication Date:
- 12-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Journal of Political Studies
- Institution:
- Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab
- Abstract:
- Slums are one of the huge impoverished sectors in any country. These communities are living in small or fragile dwelling on vulnerable patch of acreage. Their households usually have no proper sanitation system and no potable water . This paper discovers the standard of facilities provided to females living in slum dwellers. This paper used quantitative approach with close ended questions. Two sections of Slums were chosen i-e Bhutto colony and juggie community. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used for the explanation of figures. The statistics was examined by using cross-tabulation. This paper will be valuable for state machinery, NGOs, and academicians for making policies.
- Topic:
- NGOs, Sanitation, Quantitative, Services, Slums, Vulnerability, and Juggie Communities
- Political Geography:
- Pakistan and South Asia
20. Pakistan’s quest for soft power status: A case study from 2018 to 2022
- Author:
- Faiza Idrees and Azhar Shahbaz Khan
- Publication Date:
- 12-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Journal of Political Studies
- Institution:
- Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab
- Abstract:
- In international politics the impression of the state is significant in order to achieve a convincing position. Soft power helps a state to establish its image globally. This article analyses how Pakistan is striving for Soft power status. The time period under study is from 2018 -2022. It also highlights the Role of state and individuals in pursuing the status of Soft Power. To answer the questions the researcher has explained the efforts of different government institutions and various individuals and the outcomes of their activities, especially during a time when the nation is frequently labeled a "failed state." Through a careful academic analysis, a case for the potential of soft power to transform Pakistan's international reputation has been presented.
- Topic:
- Religion, Food, Tourism, Culture, Soft Power, and Music
- Political Geography:
- Pakistan and South Asia
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