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1171. From Reform to Revolution A Schism in the Muslim Brotherhood and the Rise of Homegrown Jihadism in Mainland Egypt

Author:
Alexander Velez-Green
Publication Date:
08-2017
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Center for a New American Security
Abstract:
The United States has long looked to Egypt as a key partner in the Middle East. Egypt’s adherence to the Camp David Accords is fundamental to Israeli security. Cairo has also been a key player in the Israeli–Palestinian peace process for many years. In addition, the Egyptian state has played an essential role in supporting the U.S. fight against global jihadism. Its provision of reliable access to the Suez Canal, Egyptian airspace, and intelligence sharing directly enables U.S. operations against al Qaeda and the Islamic State in Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS) across the Middle East. That is not to mention the blood and treasure that Egypt itself has spent to defeat terrorist groups operating in the Sinai Peninsula and elsewhere.
Topic:
International Relations, International Security, and Political stability
Political Geography:
Middle East

1172. Gray Zones in the Middle East

Author:
Nicholas Heras
Publication Date:
09-2017
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Center for a New American Security
Abstract:
The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and trans-Sahara regions are undergoing a period of instability and state collapse, with active civil wars raging in four of the most important countries in the region: Syria, Iraq, Yemen, and Libya. As witnessed during the Arab uprisings of 2010–2011, the MENA region has begun to grapple with the once and future challenges of instability as the regional population grows and skews younger, economies stagnate and start to collapse, and resources become scarcer. U.S. national security policy toward the MENA and trans-Sahara regions is at a point of high uncertainty, with a new administration developing strategies to address the security threats to the United States and its partner nations being caused by the region’s civil wars.
Topic:
International Relations and International Security
Political Geography:
Middle East

1173. Three Generations of Jihadism in Iraqi Kurdistan

Author:
Adel Bakawan
Publication Date:
07-2017
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Institut français des relations internationales (IFRI)
Abstract:
Iraqi Kurdistan, previously known as a secure and stable region amidst the chaotic and shaken Middle East, was struck by a wave of attacks in 2016. Between September and December of that year, there were five recorded terrorist operations led by 249 Kurdish jihadists rallied by the Islamic State (ISIS) or Daesh, of which 47 were killed and 43 were arrested by the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG). In fact, Iraqi Kurdistan, with a population of five million inhabitants, has supplied ISIS with 2,000 jihadists. Since the launch of the Mosul offensive on 17th October 2016, Kurdistan has been preparing itself, like many other countries in the region and a number of European countries, to face its worst nightmare: the Kurdish jihadists’ return to the country. Although a series of threats weigh upon the leaders of the KRG, such as social and economic crises, political division between rival parties; Masoud Barzani’s Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) and Jalal Talabani’s Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), the prospect of a new civil war, and the intervention of neighbouring countries – the return of the Kurds of Daesh is currently the most troublesome.
Topic:
Terrorism and International Security
Political Geography:
Middle East

1174. How has Qatar Fended Amidst a Sociopolitical and Economic Blockade by its Neighbours?

Author:
Thembisa Fakude
Publication Date:
08-2017
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Al Jazeera Center for Studies
Abstract:
The haphazard nature of the political campaign by the anti-Qatar forces demonstrated serious political immaturity and the over-estimation of the power of money in politics and shaping world opinion.
Topic:
International Political Economy
Political Geography:
Middle East

1175. Counterterrorism and Neo-Machiavellism in International Relations

Author:
Dr. Mohammed Cherkaoui
Publication Date:
09-2017
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Al Jazeera Center for Studies
Abstract:
The new approach of the U.S. foreign policy toward the Middle East has increasingly pivoted around possible ways of fighting radical groups with various denominations.
Topic:
International Relations and Counter-terrorism
Political Geography:
Middle East

1176. Europe and the Gulf Crisis

Author:
Stasa Salacanin
Publication Date:
09-2017
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Al Jazeera Center for Studies
Abstract:
The GCC crisis has put all international actors, including Europe, in a complicated position, and as ever louder calls for the greater engagement in the mediation process comes at challenging times as Europe is facing countless problems at home.
Topic:
International Relations and International Trade and Finance
Political Geography:
Europe and Middle East

1177. Saudi Vision 2030 and the Consequences of the Gulf Crisis

Author:
Naser al-Tamimi
Publication Date:
07-2017
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Al Jazeera Center for Studies
Abstract:
The Saudi government has begun an ambitious process of economic reforms, but internal resistance and external disturbances – worsened by the Gulf crisis – are increasing costs and may lead to its failure.
Topic:
International Political Economy
Political Geography:
Middle East

1178. The Gulf Crisis: Demonising Qatar through Fabrication

Author:
Dr. Mohamed Erraji
Publication Date:
07-2017
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Al Jazeera Center for Studies
Abstract:
This paper reviews the role of media fabrication and propaganda in the current political crisis in the Gulf. Propagandists have deliberately created a new political reality to demonise Qatari politics and political leaders with a detailed political approach to create a prefabricated reality.
Topic:
International Relations and International Security
Political Geography:
Middle East

1179. Making Sense of Turkey’s Strategy towards the new Gulf Crisis

Author:
Murat Yeşiltaş
Publication Date:
06-2017
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Al Jazeera Center for Studies
Abstract:
Turkey's current strategic move is it is a continuation of Turkey’s new vision for regional politics within the context of the new regional geopolitical realities.
Topic:
International Relations and International Affairs
Political Geography:
Middle East

1180. Qatar’s battle for LNG market share

Author:
Stasa Salacanin
Publication Date:
06-2017
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Al Jazeera Center for Studies
Abstract:
In 2005, Qatar imposed a self-moratorium on future gas developments in the North Field, but has recently lifted it in defence of the country’s leading LNG market share as new global players rapidly expand their production.
Topic:
International Security and International Affairs
Political Geography:
Middle East