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392. 2011-2012 Guide to Women Leaders in International Affairs
- Author:
- Women's Foreign Policy Group (WFPG)
- Publication Date:
- 08-2012
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Women's Foreign Policy Group (WFPG)
- Abstract:
- WFPG's Guide to Women Leaders in International Affairs highlights women shaping foreign policy around the world and the role that they play as leaders, diplomats, and policymakers. The Guide provides an index of prominent women from across the international community, including heads of state and government, government ministers and diplomats, and leaders of international organizations and corporations.
- Topic:
- Foreign Policy, Government, United Nations, Women, Leadership, and NGOs
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
393. Terrorism as Genocide: Killing with “Intent”
- Author:
- Ashlie Perry
- Publication Date:
- 07-2012
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- The Rest: Journal of Politics and Development
- Institution:
- Centre for Strategic Research and Analysis (CESRAN)
- Abstract:
- It is plausible that terrorism can manifest itself as a form of genocide. Using Raphael Lemkin’s definition of genocide and the UN Genocide Convention’s definition of genocide, non-state and state terrorism are assessed as a form of genocide. Commonalities found in the definitions of both genocide and terrorism supports the argument. The psychology of terrorism and Lemkin’s psychology of genocide describe similar motivations of perpetrators. The September 11th attacks and the U.S. invasion of Iraq are used as case studies to illustrate that terrorism can result in genocide or genocidal acts. Framing acts of terrorism as genocide allows for prosecution in international courts and brings a new perspective to the concept of killing with intent.
- Topic:
- Genocide, Terrorism, United Nations, Violence, and State Sponsored Terrorism
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
394. Forcing Democracy: Is Military Intervention for Regime Change Permissible?
- Author:
- Müge Kınacıoğlu
- Publication Date:
- 01-2012
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- All Azimuth: A Journal of Foreign Policy and Peace
- Institution:
- Center for Foreign Policy and Peace Research
- Abstract:
- This article intends to go beyond the consequentialist utilitarian ap- proaches to forcible regime change by addressing the question of forcing democracy-building from an angle of appropriateness. It aims to analyze the admissibility of pro-democratic military interventions in international society by focusing on the UN and state practice. Is military intervention to remove a tyrannical regime permissible in international law? To what extend does international society condone an outside force to impose a democratic regime? Does the practice of the UN Security Council in promotion of democracy by force point to an emerging norm with regards to expansive concept of humanitarian intervention? To analyze such questions, this article first provides for a discussion of the concept of intervention. Second, it overviews the normative framework of the use of force in international relations. It continues with the analysis of unilateral and multilateral pro-democratic military interventions, and the UN Security Council practice of condemning, authorizing or consequently endorsing democratic regime change in the target states. In the conclusion part, the article assesses the legality and legitimacy issue regarding the pro-democratic intervention and regime change in light of main norms enshrined in the UN Charter and in general international law.
- Topic:
- United Nations, Regime Change, Democracy, Military Intervention, UN Security Council, and Intervention
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
395. Women Count: Security Council Resolution 1325: Civil Society Monitoring Report
- Author:
- Annalise Moser
- Publication Date:
- 10-2010
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Global Network of Women Peacebuilders (GNWP)
- Abstract:
- When in March 2000, the Security Council expressed for the first time in its history the conceptual acceptance that peace is inextricably linked with equality between women and men and affirmed that the equal access and full participation of women in power structures and their full involvement in all efforts for peace and security, the international community was charged with expectation. It was welcomed by one and all with considerable enthusiasm hoping that there would be progress in paying attention and respect to the unrecognized, under-utilized and under-valued contribution by women to preventing war and to building peace. During ten years since its adoption, we have seen a tremendous enthusiasm among civil society at all levels in raising awareness, engaging in advocacy and building capacity for the meaningful implementation of 1325. The present Civil Society Monitoring Report by the Global Network of Women Peacebuilders (GNWP) and its partners being launched on the occasion of the 1325 tenth anniversary is a remarkable example of such a civil society engagement.
- Topic:
- Conflict Prevention, Civil Society, Gender Issues, United Nations, Peacekeeping, Women, Peace, and WPS
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
396. Integrating UN Sanctions for Peace and Security
- Author:
- David Cortright, George A. Lopez, Linda Gerber-Stellingwerf, Eliot Fackler, and Joshua Weaver
- Publication Date:
- 10-2010
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Fourth Freedom Forum
- Abstract:
- The effectiveness of UN efforts for peace and security depends on the coordination and integration of Security Council sanctions with other UN programs, agencies, and missions. Significant advances in sanctions policymaking have occurred in recent years. These include the shift toward targeted measures, improved procedures for listing and delisting, more precise Security Council resolutions, and the use of panels of experts for monitoring sanctions and arms embargoes. Many challenges remain, however, including misperceptions about how sanctions work, and poor coordination and inadequate information-sharing among member states and within the organization.
- Topic:
- Security, United Nations, Peace, and UN Security Council
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
397. Patterns of Implementation: Do Listing Practices Impede Compliance with UN Sanctions? A Critical Assessment
- Author:
- David Cortright
- Publication Date:
- 12-2009
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Fourth Freedom Forum
- Abstract:
- The salience of the due process issue varies considerably among states. Concerns are highest among European states that are constitutionally and politically bound to the enforcement of rigorous human rights standards. Many of these states also have concerns about broader UN reform issues related to the representativeness of the Security Council and the legitimacy of its working methods. For other states the controversy over due process reinforces a general skepticism about sanctions, and may serve as an excuse for inaction.
- Topic:
- United Nations, Sanctions, Policy Implementation, and UN Security Council
- Political Geography:
- Europe and Global Focus
398. Human Rights and Targeted Sanctions: An Action Agenda for Strengthening Due Process Procedures
- Author:
- David Cortright, George A. Lopez, Linda Gerber-Stellingwerf, Eliot Fackler, Sarah Persinger, and Joshua Weaver
- Publication Date:
- 11-2009
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Fourth Freedom Forum
- Abstract:
- International sanctions intended to counter terrorism have been criticized for violating human rights and failing to comply with due process legal standards. Blacklisting practices have impeded the work of certain civil society groups and charities. The resulting controversy has eroded the credibility of UN Security Council counterterrorism sanctions and made it more difficult for some states and regional organizations to comply with these measures. Action is urgently needed to reform current listing and delisting procedures through a strengthening of due process procedures.
- Topic:
- Human Rights, United Nations, Sanctions, Counter-terrorism, and UN Security Council
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
399. 2008-2009 Guide to Women Leaders in International Affairs
- Author:
- Women's Foreign Policy Group (WFPG)
- Publication Date:
- 08-2009
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Women's Foreign Policy Group (WFPG)
- Abstract:
- WFPG's Guide to Women Leaders in International Affairs highlights women shaping foreign policy around the world and the role that they play as leaders, diplomats, and policymakers. The Guide provides an index of prominent women from across the international community, including heads of state and government, government ministers and diplomats, and leaders of international organizations and corporations.
- Topic:
- Foreign Policy, Government, United Nations, Women, Leadership, and NGOs
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
400. Closed to Reason: The International Narcotics Board and HIV/AIDS
- Publication Date:
- 02-2007
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Open Society Foundations
- Abstract:
- In this report on the International Narcotics Control Board—a secretive UN-funded body responsible for monitoring compliance with the UN drug conventions—Daniel Wolfe, OSI International Harm Reduction Development Deputy Director, and Joanne Csete, Executive Director of the Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network, detail the ways in which the Board rejects scientific evidence and expert legal analyses, praises governments that violate human rights, and stresses drug control at the expense of public health, blocking evidence-based efforts to address the epidemic of HIV among injecting drug users. Closed to Reason offers recommendations to increase the Board's accountability and transparency and to make it an effective part of the international response to HIV/AIDS.
- Topic:
- HIV/AIDS, Health, United Nations, Narcotics Trafficking, and Legal Sector
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus