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2. Global IR Research Programme: From Perplexities to Progressions
- Author:
- Deepshikha Shahi
- Publication Date:
- 01-2024
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- All Azimuth: A Journal of Foreign Policy and Peace
- Institution:
- Center for Foreign Policy and Peace Research
- Abstract:
- Our basic expectations vis-à-vis ‘the international’ have turned our phenomenal existence into two seemingly irreconcilable cognitive prisons: ‘one world’ with homogenizing propensities (dominated by the West) and ‘many worlds’ with heterogenizing predispositions (embodied by the non-West). Every so often, these cognitive prisons—oscillating between the extreme homogenizing propensities of the West and heterogenizing predispositions of the non-West— become obstacles in implementing effective global partnerships that are required to tackle the challenges thrown by global crisis-situations, e.g., the likelihoods of world war, financial crisis, climate change, pandemic, and the like. The agenda of the ‘Global IR research programme’ has emerged to demolish these cognitive prisons. To this end, this agenda finds rational support from multiple auxiliary theories that derive stimulus from hitherto denigrated knowledge-forms thriving in different corners of the world: e.g., Tianxia (all-under-heaven) from China, Advaita (non-duality) from India, and Mu No Basho (place of nothingness) from Japan. Nevertheless, the conditioned reflexes of many IR researchers compel them to receive the emergent knowledge-forms by correlating their ‘source’ and ‘scope’: generally, the knowledge-forms having their source in the West are granted a global scope, whereas the knowledge-forms having their source in the non-West are given a local scope; it is often suspected that the local non-Western knowledge-forms cannot grasp the larger global scenario. Philosophically, these conditioned reflexes emanate from Kantian dualism, which forms disconnected opposites of phenomena-noumena, science-metaphysics, West–non-West etc. This article reveals how the Global IR research programme—inspired by the Chinese, Indian and Japanese cosmovisions—strives to demolish the cognitive prisons of ‘one world versus many worlds’, thereby ensuring the prospective progressions of this research programme.
- Topic:
- International Relations and Research
- Political Geography:
- Japan, China, India, and Global Focus
3. Increasing the Policy-Relevance of Research on Atrocity Prevention Strategies and Tools: Toward a 10-year collaborative research program
- Author:
- Simon-Skjodt Center for the Prevention of Genocide
- Publication Date:
- 06-2024
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- Simon-Skjodt Center for the Prevention of Genocide, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
- Abstract:
- On June 7, 2024, the Simon-Skjodt Center for the Prevention of Genocide convened leading social scientists, policy makers, and funders of policy-relevant research for a one-day workshop to explore how the Center should contribute its staff resources and research budget to improving policy-relevant research about atrocity prevention strategies and tools. Participants discussed the following topics: • Positive examples of research informing policy on atrocity prevention and general lessons to be drawn from these cases; • Key obstacles to policy-relevant atrocity prevention research, including gaps in the topics covered by the literature, obstacles to inference about the effects of atrocity prevention policy actions, and obstacles to synthesizing findings from a large body of studies; and • Strategies to increase the volume, relevance, quality, and impact on policy of atrocity prevention research. This rapporteur's report summarizes the workshop’s key themes in accordance with the Chatham House rule of non-attribution.
- Topic:
- Genocide, Research, and Atrocity Prevention
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
4. The SVRI: Championing research and evidence building in LMICs
- Author:
- SVRI
- Publication Date:
- 01-2023
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- The Sexual Violence Research Initiative (SVRI)
- Abstract:
- Over the past two decades, the SVRI has confronted these key questions head-on. Through its active engagement in generating a substantial body of evidence in LMICs, the SVRI empowers local researchers and practitioners, amplifies their voices and their work, provides platforms for knowledge sharing and facilitates collaboration among multiple stakeholders to influence policy makers and donors. The SVRI continuously strives to build the field of evidence generation for VAW and VAC through three primary “levers”: 1) Building Evidence for Change; 2) Fostering Collaboration and Capacities for Action; 3) Influencing Structural Change.
- Topic:
- Research, Gender Based Violence, Strategy, and Violence Against Children (VAC)
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
5. Getting Statelessness Published: Pathways to Publication for Early Career Researchers in the Field of Statelessness Studies
- Author:
- Barbara von Rütte
- Publication Date:
- 12-2023
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Peter McMullin Centre on Statelessness, Melbourne Law School
- Abstract:
- The field of statelessness studies is coming of age.1 Over the last decade, a growing number of young scholars have been working on questions relating to statelessness and citizenship in different disciplines, from diverse perspectives and in various parts of the world, as this Special Issue demonstrates.2 Many of these young statelessness scholars have recently completed their doctoral research and are aboutto publish their work. At the same time, quite a number of significant contributions to the field are based on the doctoral research of statelessness scholars.3 Nevertheless, publishing can be difficult in a field like statelessness or citizenship which is so broad and interdisciplinary in character but, at the same time, highly specialised. Access to publication is even more difficult for early career researchers and, as the study by Jozefien Boone has shown, for scholars with lived experience of statelessness and scholars from the Global South.4Hence, the question of how research on statelessness and citizenship can be published has been raised within the Global PhDs on Statelessness (‘GPS’) network. This commentary discusses the pathway to publication for research on statelessness and citizenship by doctoral and early career scholars based on a 2021 seminar on academic publishing organised by the GPS network,5 as well as on my own experience with publishing my first monograph.6 It is directed at early career researchers in the field of statelessness studies with the aim of providing them with pathways for publishing their doctoral research.7This commentaryfocuseson the procedure for publishing a bookin the form of a traditional monograph, which is clearly distinguishable from the publishing of an academic article.
- Topic:
- Citizenship, Research, Global South, Academia, Statelessness, Publication, Monograph, and Article
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
6. A CERN Model for Studying the Information Environment
- Author:
- Alicia Wanless and Jacob N. Shapiro
- Publication Date:
- 11-2022
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
- Abstract:
- After the Second World War, European science was suffering. Scientists were leaving Europe in pursuit of safety and work opportunities, among other reasons. To stem the exodus and unite the community around a vision of science for peace, in 1949, a transatlantic group of scholars proposed the creation of a world-class physics research facility in Europe.1 The grand vision was for this center to unlock the mysteries of the universe. Their white paper laid the foundation for the European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN), which today supports fundamental research in physics across an international community of more than 10,000 scientists from twenty-three member states and more than seventy other nations.2 Together, researchers at CERN built cutting-edge instruments to observe dozens of subatomic particles for the first time. And along the way they invented the World Wide Web, which was originally conceived as a tool to empower CERN’s distributed teams. Such large-scale collaboration is once again needed to connect scholars, policymakers, and practitioners internationally and to accelerate research, this time to unlock the mysteries of the information environment. Democracies around the world are grappling with how to safeguard democratic values against online abuse, the proliferation of illiberal and xenophobic narratives, malign interference, and a host of other challenges related to a rapidly evolving information environment. What are the conditions within the information environment that can foster democratic societies and encourage active citizen participation? Sadly, the evidence needed to guide policymaking and social action in this domain is sorely lacking. Researchers, governments, and civil society must come together to help. This paper explores how CERN can serve as a model for developing the Institute for Research on the Information Environment (IRIE).3 By connecting disciplines and providing shared engineering resources and capacity-building across the world’s democracies, IRIE will scale up applied research to enable evidence-based policymaking and implementation. Where CERN “exists to understand the mystery of nature for the benefit of humankind,” IRIE will exist to understand the mystery of the information environment for the benefit of democracies and their citizens.4 While the laws of physics change slowly, the conditions within the information environment are little understood and changing rapidly through the addition of new technology. Additionally, studying the information environment will require analysis of personal and at times sensitive data of internet users, increasing the need for international collaboration. As CERN did by inventing new collaboration tools, IRIE will leverage those same technologies to unlock the collective genius of researchers and practitioners from a variety of fields to strengthen democracy, alongside interested citizens who contribute their own data and expertise. While there are obvious differences between the field of physics and those emerging to study the information environment, aspects of CERN’s development can guide the creation of IRIE, an institution that can uniquely address the growing needs of researchers.
- Topic:
- Science and Technology, Research, Collaboration, Information, and CERN
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
7. An Overview of Child Sexual Abuse Research Conducted in Low and Middle Income Countries Between 2011–2021
- Author:
- Nicole Gonzalez, Anik Gevers, and Elizabeth Dartnall
- Publication Date:
- 05-2022
- Content Type:
- Special Report
- Institution:
- The Sexual Violence Research Initiative (SVRI)
- Abstract:
- To strengthen our understanding of what kinds of child sexual abuse research is coming from low and middle income countries we conducted a brief scoping review of studies published over the past 10 years. One hundred and ninety four studies were included in this review based on a search of the MEDLINE (PubMed) database. The majority of articles were epidemiological studies (n=146) and the remaining articles included intervention studies, methodology and ethics work, and theory and frameworks articles. Most publications were based on research conducted in the SubSaharan Africa region (n=98) and the fewest publications were from the East Asia and Pacific region. The review revealed that there is no cohesive body of evidence and that there seems little connection between, for example, epidemiological research and intervention research. Further, very little of the epidemiological research focused on identifying the risk and protective factors for child sexual abuse including the drivers of perpetration and more analysis of the norms, systems, and social structures that impact and influence child sexual abuse. The review found several methodological gaps in the evidence base as studies utilized different definitions of child sexual abuse, a variety of measurements for child sexual abuse, and at times grounding in ethics was not clear. Few studies were intersectional (n=25). More priority-driven child sexual abuse research is needed from low and middle income countries with clear links to policy and practice. A clear, shared research agenda is needed to guide the field toward building a cohesive evidence base as well as capacity strengthening to address methodological and ethics issues of this research. This research should be intersectional in order to build a nuanced understanding of child sexual abuse across diverse and particularly marginalised or vulnerabilised groups. There is evidence on the mental health impact of child sexual abuse but few studies evaluated interventions that addressed these outcomes among survivors. Research that will improve our understanding of the drivers, risk factors, and protective factors for different forms of child sexual abuse – including perpetration of this violence – is needed to inform prevention intervention strategies.
- Topic:
- Ethics, Research, Sexual Violence, Methodology, and Child Sexual Abuse (CSA)
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
8. Research and innovation policies and productivity growth
- Author:
- Reinhilde De Veugelers
- Publication Date:
- 05-2021
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Bruegel
- Abstract:
- We review the evidence on the impact of public intervention on private research and innovation, and how research and innovation and R&I policies affect growth in the applied macro models most commonly used in European Union policy analysis. The evidence suggests that R&I grants and R&I tax credits can have positive effects in terms of stimulating investment in innovation. In terms of the impact of public R&I interventions on economy-wide GDP growth and jobs, the available applied macro models predict positive effects over the long term. It therefore takes time before short-term negative effects associated with reallocations of high-skilled labour from other productive activities to generate the extra innovations, and the negative effects from displacing older, more labour-intensive production processes, are compensated for. To the question of whether R&I policies can serve to power growth, the answer can only be a timid yes at this stage. R&I policies certainly have the potential, but still too little is known of what drives their actual effects. More micro and macro evaluations are still needed.
- Topic:
- Economy, Research, Innovation, and Strategic Competition
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
9. mRNA vaccines: a lucky shot?
- Author:
- Reinhilde Veugelers
- Publication Date:
- 12-2021
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Bruegel
- Abstract:
- MRNA technology has proved in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic its breakthrough value as a basis for vaccines. There has been rapid development of highly safe, effective and robust mRNA vaccines, and these can be delivered at large scale. Yet the technology is the result of a long process of accumulation of innovation and capacity. It was a bumpy process that could easily have turned out differently. The mRNA vaccines story suggests that a vibrant vaccine ecosystem cannot be taken for granted in terms of delivering the breakthroughs needed for global pandemic preparedness and response. This paper examines the background of mRNA technology development to understand better how public vaccine research and development policy can be improved to generate the full global social benefits from breakthrough novel vaccine technologies, like mRNA.
- Topic:
- Science and Technology, Research, Vaccine, and COVID-19
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
10. An Alternative Theoretical Framework for Economics
- Author:
- Meir Kohn
- Publication Date:
- 10-2021
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- The Cato Journal
- Institution:
- The Cato Institute
- Abstract:
- As a profession, economics is thriving. The number of economists is large and growing. The volume of their output is exploding—more articles are published each year in a growing number of journals. As a science, however, economics is not doing so well. The questions addressed by all those articles seem to be getting smaller and smaller. And there seems to be little or no progress on the big questions of economics such as economic development and growth, economic fluctuations, and the proper role of government in the economy. Most of the articles published are econometric, and the results of many are of questionable quality.
- Topic:
- Economics, Research, Economic Theory, and Commerce
- Political Geography:
- Global Focus
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