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2852. Réinventer l'institution parlementaire européenne
- Author:
- Aurelie Elisa Gfeller
- Publication Date:
- 06-2012
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Cultures & Conflits
- Institution:
- Cultures & Conflits
- Abstract:
- Cet article offre un éclairage sur la réinvention de l'institution parlementaire communautaire à la suite de l'introduction du suffrage universel direct en 1979. Il analyse la stratégie discursive des élus et de leur présidente, Simone Veil, qui firent valoir leur nouvelle légitimité démocratique pour asseoir leur autorité face aux fractions des élites européennes associées aux autres institutions communautaires ou à d'autres institutions transnationales. Il montre aussi comment les nouveaux élus mobilisèrent diverses ressources pour renforcer leur stratégie de légitimation : leurs compétences budgétaires limitées, mais aussi les visites et voyages officiels orchestrés par leur présidente et leur engagement sur un thème porteur dans l'opinion, les droits de l'Homme.
- Political Geography:
- Europe
2853. Logiques partisanes, territorialisation et capital politique européen
- Author:
- Reni Lefebvre and Guillarme Marrel
- Publication Date:
- 06-2012
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Cultures & Conflits
- Institution:
- Cultures & Conflits
- Abstract:
- L'article analyse le processus d'investiture des candidats aux élections européennes de 2009 pour le parti socialiste français. Il montre que la constitution des listes obéit à des logiques endogènes fortes et prend peu en compte le capital européen des impétrants. En articulant sociographie qualitative et entretiens, il s'agit ici de saisir le plus finement possible les logiques multiples et contradictoires qui président à la fabrication des listes. La faible prise en compte de l'européanisation des candidats est liée à des variables conjoncturelles et situationnelles, mais aussi à des logiques plus structurelles. La multiplication des critères en jeu en 2009 décuple les incertitudes pesant sur le processus de négociation.
- Political Geography:
- Europe
2854. Théorie constitutive : reconnaissance, éthique et politique dans les relations internationales
- Author:
- Mervyn Frost
- Publication Date:
- 09-2012
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Cultures & Conflits
- Institution:
- Cultures & Conflits
- Abstract:
- Dans un article intitulé « La reconnaissance entre les États : sur le substrat moral des relations internationales » Axel Honneth relève que dans le langage usuel, on parle souvent des États comme cherchant le respect et la reconnaissance de la part d'États étrangers. Nous comprenons aisément les États lorsqu'ils font valoir leur droit à une reconnaissance dont on les prive. Honneth souligne que « nous convenons volontiers que le comportement des dirigeants politiques de la Palestine, par exemple, ne peut être compris sans prendre en compte de telles aspirations à une reconnaissance ; que le gouvernement russe réalise de gros efforts pour imposer le respect aux pays occidentaux ou bien que pendant les mandats de Bush, les gouvernements d'Europe occidentale ont usé de relations et manouvres diplomatiques pour renouveler le respect de leur allié américain ». Pourtant, lorsque nous nous tournons vers la discipline des Relations Internationales (RI), nous constatons que la notion de rec...
- Political Geography:
- Europe and Palestine
2855. The Future of Russia: Modernization or Decline?
- Author:
- Adam Balcer and Nikolay Petrov
- Publication Date:
- 02-2012
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
- Abstract:
- Russia as a permanent member of the UN Security Council and nuclear power remains a key player in Eurasia with a substantial leverage in the post Soviet space and, at the same time, the most important neighbour of the EU. However, in the coming decades Russia will face serious challenges to its internal prospects and international position. The further rise of China, negative demographic trends (shrinking population, emigration of well-educated people), substantial increase of the share of Muslim population, degradation of its infrastructure, unsustainability of the current economic model and rampant corruption are the most important factors which will impact on Russia's future and by default on the EU's. Certainly, Russia's democratization would substantially increase its ability to face these challenges and impact positively on EU-Russia relations.
- Topic:
- International Relations, Nuclear Weapons, and Nuclear Power
- Political Geography:
- Russia, Europe, Eurasia, Soviet Union, and United Nations
2856. Fear Athens Less and Washington More
- Author:
- Irwin M. Stelzer
- Publication Date:
- 05-2012
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Hudson Institute
- Abstract:
- There comes a tide in the affairs of men And the one sweeping from Greece, across Europe and into the United States is washing away support for austerity, in some cases reinforcing opposition to it, largely from the Left. President Obama is delighted at this support for his refusal to cut spending in the face of mounting deficits, and the Republicans are feeling beleaguered at what they see as the disinterment of the body of works of John Maynard Keynes. No longer must the President sit at G8 meetings (in this weekend's case, G7 since Vladimir Putin finds it necessary to stay at home to deal with an unpleasant spate of dissent) and hear only the voice of Germany's iron Chancellor, Angela Merkel, extolling the virtues of thrift, austerity and balanced budgets. Now he has France's new socialist President, François Hollande, to preach the virtues of spending, "the indispensable stimulation of the economy", and, even better, high taxes-- up to 75% on incomes in excess of $1.35 million per year, which makes the team of Buffett and Obama mere pikers at the soak-the-rich game. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton expressed the administration's delight at Hollande's "different political approach Different voices may be louder on growth than they have been It's been our view that there needed to be adjustments to austerity, so that there could be growth, both for economic reasons and for political reasons President Obama and our economic team have been saying for some time that growth had to factor into a European recovery." Take that, Mrs. Merkel and all you Republicans who want to cut entitlement spending and retain the Bush tax cuts that benefit "millionaires and billionaires", Obama shorthand for families earning more than $250,000 per year.
- Topic:
- Economics, International Trade and Finance, Monetary Policy, and Budget
- Political Geography:
- United States, Europe, Washington, Greece, and France
2857. How Safe Is the U.S. Safe Haven?
- Author:
- Irwin M. Stelzer
- Publication Date:
- 06-2012
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Hudson Institute
- Abstract:
- This version of the glorious sonnet composed by Emma Lazarus in 1883, and later engraved on a bronze plaque installed on the Statue of Liberty, calling the world's huddled masses to our shores, captures what it means these days to be a safe haven. Just as America proved to be such a safe haven for immigrants in the latter 19th and early 20th centuries, it is now seen as a safe haven for wealth attempting to escape Europe's tax collectors and financial chaos and recession in Europe, and for foreign central banks newly enamored of the dollar.
- Topic:
- Economics, International Trade and Finance, Immigration, and Monetary Policy
- Political Geography:
- United States, Europe, and Germany
2858. A Rapidly Changing Energy World, Or Perhaps Not
- Author:
- Irwin M. Stelzer
- Publication Date:
- 06-2012
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Hudson Institute
- Abstract:
- Slow growth here and in China, and recession in Europe are reducing demand for oil. Inventories in the U.S. are at a 22-year high. The Federal Reserve Board's QEs that pumped paper money into the economy and drove up the nominal price of oil have come to an end. And the twelve OPEC oil cartelists, who between them supply 40% of the world's oil, are producing 1.6 million barrels in excess of the agreed daily quota of 30 million barrels. As a result, U.S. benchmark crude oil prices are now closer to $80 per barrel than to the $110 they reached only four months ago.
- Topic:
- Economics, International Trade and Finance, Markets, and Oil
- Political Geography:
- United States, China, and Europe
2859. NATO's Cyber Capabilities: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow
- Author:
- Jason Healey and Leendert van Bochoven
- Publication Date:
- 02-2012
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- NATO's central missions of collective defense and cooperative security must be as effective in cyberspace as in the other domains of air, land, sea, and space.
- Topic:
- Defense Policy, International Cooperation, Science and Technology, and Reform
- Political Geography:
- Europe
2860. The Transatlantic Bargain After "the Pivot"
- Author:
- Barry Pavel and Jeffrey Lightfoot
- Publication Date:
- 03-2012
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Atlantic Council
- Abstract:
- The "tough love" farewell speech of former US Secretary of Defense Robert Gates last June was more than a major policy speech on the state of NATO. His remarks were also highly symbolic, coming from a legendary Cold Warrior whose forty-year career had been oriented around the transatlantic relationship. Secretary Gates used his final appearance at the bully pulpit not only to warn Europeans that declining defense budgets risked undermining the credibility of the Alliance among US policymakers, but also that a new wave of American decision-makers would not necessarily share his generation's knowledge of, concern for, or sentimental attachment to the transatlantic alliance.
- Topic:
- Defense Policy, NATO, International Cooperation, and International Security
- Political Geography:
- United States, America, Europe, Middle East, and North America