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1. Outmigration from the Horn of Africa

Author:
Berhane Keleta
Publication Date:
07-2019
Content Type:
Research Paper
Institution:
Ìrìnkèrindò: a Journal of African Migration
Abstract:
The proliferation of sovereign states in the Horn of Africa has produced intra- and inter-state conflicts that have largely been induced by ethnic tensions. The conflicts resulted in the loss of millions of human lives, significant material damage, and forced people to leave their countries of origin to seek their fortune elsewhere, using a network of systems established between country of origin and destination. Some have been driven into desperation and they sought the services of human smugglers and traffickers. Geographical proximity to migration hotspots also encourages migration. This study explores immigration in the Horn of Africa countries from geographical, socio-political, and economic perspectives. The findings show mixed migration from the Horn of Africa of refugees, asylum seekers, smuggled, and trafficked persons. The last two categories are the largest number of undocumented migrants in the sub-region. They are relatively young, being primarily aged fourteen to forty. They are predominantly male, and have low educational attainment. One motivation for migration is to seek opportunities elsewhere that would facilitate ability to make remittances.
Topic:
Migration and Immigration
Political Geography:
Africa, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Somalia, Eritrea, and Horn of Africa

2. Africa Lags in Protections against Human Trafficking

Author:
Africa Center for Strategic Studies
Publication Date:
07-2019
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Africa Center for Strategic Studies
Abstract:
Trafficking in persons has become a multibillion dollar business in Africa that African governments have been slow to address.
Topic:
Migration, United Nations, Children, Women, Slavery, and Human Trafficking
Political Geography:
Africa, Ethiopia, Egypt, Burundi, Eritrea, South Sudan, Central African Republic, and Mediterranean

3. Record Number of Forcibly Displaced Africans Likely to Grow

Author:
Africa Center for Strategic Studies
Publication Date:
07-2019
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Africa Center for Strategic Studies
Abstract:
With Africa's population expected to double by 2050, the rapid increase in the number of forcibly displaced Africans of the past decade will continue to expand unless key drivers are reversed.
Topic:
Migration, United Nations, Diaspora, and Displacement
Political Geography:
Africa, Sudan, Somalia, Eritrea, South Sudan, and Central African Republic

4. Africa and the Global Compact on Refugees: Inclusive Policy Responses to Forced Displacement

Author:
Amanda Coffie, Richard Alemdjrodo, Patience Adzande, and Jocelyn Perry
Publication Date:
07-2018
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Social Science Research Council
Abstract:
According to United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) esti- mates, nearly sixty-six million people had been forced to leave their homes and migrate as a result of conflict, political violence, ethnic and religious tensions, and natural disasters as of 2016.1 These rather high estimates contributed to the UN’s 2016 launch of the New York Declaration for Migrants and Refugees to enshrine global commitments to the challenges posed by high levels of forced displace- ment, and develop concrete plans for their resolution. This policy briefing note addresses the African Union and African govern- ments, as well as African scholars and policymakers regarding Africa’s particular position within global displacement and migration trends. It provides recommen- dations in the lead-up to the adoption of the Global Compact on Refugees (GCR) at a special summit in Morocco in December 2018.
Topic:
Migration, Refugees, Displacement, and Conflict
Political Geography:
Uganda, Africa, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Chad, South Sudan, Central African Republic, and Democratic Republic of Congo

5. Eritrea's Economy: Ideology and Opportunity

Author:
Seth Kaplan
Publication Date:
12-2016
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Atlantic Council
Abstract:
Eritrea is often in the news for all the wrong reasons: its high rates of migration to Europe (it has sent more refugees to Europe in recent years than any other African nation), its conflicts with neighboring Ethiopia and Djibouti, and controversy over its mandatory and indefinite national service conscription program. Human rights activists, in particular, have long singled out the country for criticism, calling it “the North Korea of Africa.” The inappropriateness of that comparison is increasingly recognized—but misunderstandings about the nature of the Eritrean regime continue to abound.
Topic:
Migration and Refugee Crisis
Political Geography:
Africa, Europe, and Eritrea

6. Full Issue

Author:
Sefi Atta, Kathleen Stassen Berger, Jacqueline Copeland Carson, Kinuthia Macharia, and Femi Ojo-Ade
Publication Date:
01-2011
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Ìrìnkèrindò: A Journal of African Migration
Institution:
Ìrìnkèrindò: a Journal of African Migration
Abstract:
CONTENTS Articles Independence Day — Sefi Atta....................................................................................................... 1 Immigration, Psychosocial Development: Implications for Africa and the US — Kathleen Stassen Berger ................................................................................................................. 30 “Africa” in Minnesota: New Models of Translocal Culture — Jacqueline Copeland Carson . 60 Criminal Convictions That Can Cause Non-U.S. Citizen Removal From The United States — Oláyínká Dánsàlámì ........................................................................................................ 71 African Immigrants in the Washington DC Metropolitan Area: Immigration Waves and Community Building — Kinuthia Macharia ................................................................... 79 Living In Paradise?: Africans In America— Femi Ojo-Ade ...................................................... 111 Rotatory Credit Schemes: A Comparative Analysis of an African Traditional Economic Institution in Contemporary Africa and its Diaspora — Iheanyi N. Osondu ................ 138 Oromo African Immigrants’ Experiences with Child Care — Deborah Ceglowski, Jaesook Gilbert, Greg Wiggan, Tekla Johnson, and Rosemary Traore ...................................... 166 Return Migration to Asmara, Eritrea: Readjustment Challenges — Berhane Keleta Chirum .. 221 Book Reviews Creating Africa in America: Translocal Identity in an Emerging World City — Jacqueline Copeland-Carson............................................................................................................ 245 Embracing the Infidel: Stories of Muslim Immigrants on the Journey West — Terri Bennett . 254 Film Reviews J’y Crois - I Believe in it: The Road to Decentralization in Mali, 2004 — Ekerete Udoh ........ 256 In Rwanda We Say…The Family That Does Not Speak Dies, 2004 — Ekerete Udoh ............ 258 The Price of Aid, 2004 — Ekerete Udoh .................................................................................. 260
Topic:
Migration, Diaspora, Immigration, Film, Credit, Identity, and Child Care
Political Geography:
Africa, Rwanda, Eritrea, Mali, and United States of America

7. "Dreams Don't Come True in Eritrea": Anomie and Family Disintegration due to the Structural Militarization of Society

Author:
Nicole Hirt
Publication Date:
01-2010
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
German Institute of Global and Area Studies
Abstract:
This article analyzes contemporary Eritrea's acute crisis within the framework of the theory of anomie. It is based on the hypothesis that militarization, forced labor, mass exodus, and family disintegration can be interpreted as the consequences of two incompatible norm and value systems: the collectivist, nationalistic, and militaristic worldview of the former liberation front and ruling party People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ), and the traditional cultural system of Eritrea's society. In 2002 the regime introduced an unlimited "development campaign," thereby forcing large parts of the society to live as conscripts and perform unpaid labor. This has caused a mass exodus of young people and a rapid process of family disintegration. The article is based on empirical fieldwork and evaluates the ongoing developments, which have led to rapid economic decline and the destabilization of the entire fabric of society.
Topic:
Development, Economics, Migration, Fragile/Failed State, and Governance
Political Geography:
Africa and Eritrea