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2212. Rethinking the "Third World": Talking with Lakhdar Brahimi
- Author:
- Forrest D. Colburn
- Publication Date:
- 06-2007
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Institution:
- World Policy Institute
- Abstract:
- Algerian diplomat Lakhdar Brahimi has a distinguished history in the politics of what has long been known as the "Third World," most of which were once beleaguered colonies of Europe. After the Asian-African Conference in Bandung, Indonesia, in 1955--the first coming together of the non-aligned movement--Lakhdar was sent to Indonesia by the National Liberation Front of Algeria to open its first office in Asia.
- Political Geography:
- Africa, Europe, Indonesia, Asia, and Algeria
2213. "The Globalizers: The IMF, the World Bank, and Their Borrowers"
- Author:
- Joseph P. Joyce
- Publication Date:
- 12-2007
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Institution:
- Carnegie Council
- Abstract:
- Woods is an insightful and thoughtful authority on the Bretton Woods institutions. In this book she examines their activities and focuses on their engagements with Mexico, Russia, and the sub-Saharan African nations.
- Political Geography:
- Africa, Russia, and Mexico
2214. Performance-Based Incentives for Health: A Way to Improve Tuberculosis Detection and Treatment Completion?
- Author:
- Rena Eichler, Diana Weil, and Alexandra Beith
- Publication Date:
- 04-2007
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Center for Global Development
- Abstract:
- Tuberculosis is a public health emergency in Africa, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia. Of the estimated 1.7 million deaths from TB, 98 percent are in the developing world, the majority being among the poor. In order to reach the MDG and the Stop TB partnership targets for 2015, TB detection rates need to double, treatment success rates must increase to more than 7075 percent, and strategies to address HIV-associated TB and multi-drug resistant TB must be aggressively expanded. DOTS, the internationally-recommended TB control strategy is the foundation of TB control efforts worldwide. A standard recording and monitoring system built on routine service-based data allows nearly all countries in the world to track progress in case detection and treatment completion through routine monitoring. This provides a good base for measuring the impact of different strategies for improving TB control outcomes.
- Topic:
- Health, International Organization, and Poverty
- Political Geography:
- Africa, Europe, and Asia
2215. Does Influence-Peddling Impact Industrial Competition? Evidence from Enterprise Surveys in Africa
- Author:
- Vijaya Ramachandran, Manju Kedia Shah, and Gaiv Tata
- Publication Date:
- 10-2007
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Center for Global Development
- Abstract:
- Prior research has emphasized that the high costs and risks arising from a poor investment climate—lack of clear property rights, macro-instability , the burden of regulation and taxation, poor infrastructure, lack of finance, and lack of human capital—have impeded the development of the private sector in sub-Saharan Africa, despite adoption of structural adjustment and liberalization policies. Given the resulting wide differentials in productivity, it is not surprising that most of the African manufacturing sector has not been competitive in exports. However, trade liberalization should have had greater impact on domestic markets for manufactured goods in Africa, leading to either a rapid decline in the size of the manufacturing sector due to import competition, or to a rapid increase in productivity of surviving enterprises. In fact, neither has happened to any significant degree over the last 20 years.
- Topic:
- Development, Economics, and Regional Cooperation
- Political Geography:
- Africa
2216. The Pentagon and Global Development: Making Sense of the DoD's Expanding Role
- Author:
- Stewart Patrick and Kaysie Brown
- Publication Date:
- 11-2007
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Center for Global Development
- Abstract:
- One of the most striking trends in U.S. foreign aid policy is the surging role of the Department of Defense (DoD). The Pentagon now accounts for over 20 percent of U.S. official development assistance (ODA). DoD has also expanded its provision of non-ODA assistance, including training and equipping of foreign military forces in fragile states. These trends raise concerns that U.S. foreign and development policies may become subordinated to a narrow, short-term security agenda at the expense of broader, longer-term diploma tic goals and institution-building efforts in the developing world. We find that the overwhelming bulk of ODA provided directly by DoD goes to Iraq and Afghanistan, which are violent environments that require the military to take a lead role through instruments like Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs) and the use of Commanders' Emergency Response Program (CERP) funds. This funding surge is in principle temporary and likely to disappear when the U.S. involvement in both wars ends. But beyond these two conflicts, DoD has expanded (or proposes to expand) its operations in the developing world to include a number of activities that might be more appropriately undertaken by the State Department, USAID and other civilian actors. These initiatives include: the use of “Section 1206” authorities to train and equip foreign security forces; the establishment of the new Combatant Command for Africa (AFRICOM); and the administration's proposed Building Global Partnerships (BGP) Act, which would expand DoD's assistance authorities.
- Topic:
- Defense Policy
- Political Geography:
- Afghanistan, Africa, United States, Iraq, Middle East, and Asia
2217. Reviving Economic Growth in Liberia
- Author:
- Steve Radelet
- Publication Date:
- 11-2007
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Center for Global Development
- Abstract:
- Liberia was decimated by 25 years of gross economic mismanagement and 14 years of brutal civil war. GDP fell by over 90% in less than two decades, one of the largest economic collapses in the world since World War II. This paper explores the challenges in reinvigorating rapid, inclusive, and sustained economic growth in the post-war environment. It stresses the importance of not just reigniting growth, but rebuilding the economy in a way that avoids the substantial income concentration of the past and creates significant economic opportunities to groups that were marginalized and excluded in the past. It examines the new government's progress so far, including the major steps it has taken in its first 18 months and the unique way that it has organized government-donor relations.
- Topic:
- Development, Government, International Cooperation, and International Political Economy
- Political Geography:
- Africa and Liberia
2218. Putting the Power of Transparency in Context: Information's Role in Reducing Corruption in Uganda's Education Sector
- Author:
- Paul Hubbard
- Publication Date:
- 12-2007
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Center for Global Development
- Abstract:
- One of the popular stories told (and taught) in development circles is how corruption was slashed in Uganda simply by publishing the amount of monthly grants to schools. This paper takes a deeper look at the facts behind the Uganda story and finds that while information did indeed play a critical role, the story is much more complicated than we have been led to believe. A dramatic drop did occur in the percentage of funds being diverted from Uganda's capitation grant. But to attribute this leakage solely to the monthly release of grant data by the government risks ignoring the major funding in which this transparency campaign was imbedded.
- Topic:
- Education and Politics
- Political Geography:
- Uganda and Africa
2219. Freeing All God's Children
- Author:
- Clifford Bob
- Publication Date:
- 01-2007
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Human Rights and Human Welfare - Review Essays
- Institution:
- Josef Korbel Graduate School of International Studies, University of Denver
- Abstract:
- Each year since 1999 the U.S. State Department has issued a lengthy report on violations of religious freedoms around the world. In recent years, Human Rights Watch and other major rights organizations have made religious persecution one of their major foci. And the world media now pays significant attention to violations of worship rights. As a result, countries such as Sudan, China, North Korea, Uzbekistan, and others have faced international pressure for their repression of various faiths, especially Christianity.
- Topic:
- Non-Governmental Organization and Religion
- Political Geography:
- Africa, United States, China, Sudan, North Korea, and Uzbekistan
2220. Making Sense of a Senseless War
- Author:
- J. Peter Pham
- Publication Date:
- 01-2007
- Content Type:
- Journal Article
- Journal:
- Human Rights and Human Welfare - Review Essays
- Institution:
- Josef Korbel Graduate School of International Studies, University of Denver
- Abstract:
- In a report on the United Nations-supervised disarmament process in Sierra Leone, veteran Washington Post correspondent Douglas Farah described the pathos of the ragged Revolutionary United Front (RUF) fighters: many were barely into their teens, straggling into a processing center in the diamond-rich eastern district of Kono with little more than ill-fitting rags draped over their emaciated bodies (Farah 2001). There was little evidence that these broken youths had, just a short while earlier, been part of one of the most brutal and effective insurgencies in the world, one whose strategy was predicated on terror in its most primordial expression. Farah's piece was headlined, “They Fought for Nothing, and That's What They Got,” a succinct description of a conflict that struck many as senseless, despite its heavy toll in lives and property.
- Topic:
- United Nations
- Political Geography:
- Africa, Washington, and Sierra Leone