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2082. A Comprehensive and Inclusive Peace Process for Chad
- Publication Date:
- 12-2008
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Africa Policy Information Center
- Abstract:
- Analysts, policy makers and experts are now accepting that the conflicts in Chad and Sudan have mutually reinforcing dynamics. Chad's internal political instability is having devastating consequences on the peace processes in Sudan and the Central African Republic (CAR). The U.N. Security Council Sanctions Committee Panel of Experts on Sudan stated that Chad supports Sudanese insurgent groups with arms, ammunition, vehicles, food, training and safe haven Violations of humanitarian law and international human rights continue unabated in the region and violators in eastern Chad operate in an environment of almost total impunity. A new U.S. Government strategy must be created to stabilize Chad and bring to an end the continued degradation of conditions in the region. This strategy must work in parallel with the peace process for Sudan and with the efforts led by the “Contact Group” to normalize Chad-Sudan relations.
- Topic:
- Conflict Resolution, Health, Human Rights, Human Welfare, Humanitarian Aid, Peace Studies, United Nations, and War
- Political Geography:
- Africa, United States, and Sudan
2083. Kenya and Zimbabwe: Democratic Challenges and Opportunities
- Author:
- Briggs Bomba
- Publication Date:
- 01-2008
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Africa Policy Information Center
- Abstract:
- The world's attention has been riveted in 2008, by election crises in Africa, first Kenya, and now Zimbabwe. In both cases, challenges remain in converting electoral victory to political power. Can a victorious opposition come to power in the face of an obstinate incumbent? This question is particularly relevant when the incumbent regime controls the coercive apparatus of the state and the opposition only has the ballot in its corner. In the battle of the ballot vs. the bullet, can there ever be a fair match?
- Topic:
- Civil Society, Democratization, Political Economy, and Post Colonialism
- Political Geography:
- Kenya, Africa, and Zimbabwe
2084. The Carter Center News: Fall 2008
- Publication Date:
- 10-2008
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- The Carter Center
- Abstract:
- At The Carter Center, we know sustainable, positive change is not often achieved in the short term. But our commitments to the people we help have no expiration date, nor do they lessen as situations evolve or worsen.
- Topic:
- Democratization and Poverty
- Political Geography:
- Africa and Middle East
2085. Zimbabwe in Crisis: Mugabe's Policies and Failures
- Author:
- Hany Besada and Nicky Moyo
- Publication Date:
- 10-2008
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Centre for International Governance Innovation
- Abstract:
- Exemplifying the negative consequences of a variety of inappropriate fiscal and social policies, Zimbabwe has failed to realize its potential to become a strong, independent state, going from the admiration and envy of its neighbours to near-complete collapse and abject poverty. Economic turmoil, caused by failed land reforms and inflation, combined with increased malnutrition, and evaporating access to education, health care, and employment have only exacerbated unrest, particularly for constituencies who receive few benefits from President Robert Mugabe's regime. This paper assesses Zimbabwe's social, political and economic crisis and its impact on Zimbabweans, indicating the steps needed for national recovery and sustainable development.
- Topic:
- Corruption, Education, Government, and Health
- Political Geography:
- Africa and Zimbabwe
2086. The Implications of China's Ascendancy for Africa
- Author:
- Hany Besada
- Publication Date:
- 10-2008
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Centre for International Governance Innovation
- Abstract:
- China's spectacular economic progress has led some security analysts and policy makers in the North and the South to question Beijing's intentions in other parts of the world. This paper examines the extent to which China's engagement with Africa has produced mutual benefits for both and whether Africa is reaping the necessary benefits required for poverty alleviation and economic development. Chinese state-owned enterprises have invested billions of dollars in foreign reserves, construction, and engineering resources assisting African oil-producing exporters. While many in the west have started to question China's extraordinary level of interest in Africa – in particular, its economic engagement with perceived repressive regimes – African leaders view China's entry as a means of pulling Africa onto the path of globalization. It is thus important that African leaders and policy makers ensure that Chinese trade and investment bring reciprocal and tangible benefits for Africans, and contribute to economic stability and good governance.
- Topic:
- Foreign Policy, International Cooperation, International Trade and Finance, Treaties and Agreements, and International Affairs
- Political Geography:
- Africa and China
2087. Kenya Inquiry Commission Adopts IFES Recommendations
- Author:
- Moses Owuor, Dong Nguyen, and Anthony Kuria
- Publication Date:
- 08-2008
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Academy of Political Science
- Abstract:
- In this report, the International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES), an international, nonpartisan democracy development organization, presents its review of the Kenyan electoral process and makes recommendations for reform. The intent of this report is to have its findings presented to the Independent Review Committee (IREC) to consider in its examination of the electoral process, and the development of its recommendations for comprehensive measures to be taken to improve the conduct of future elections.
- Topic:
- Civil Society, Democratization, Development, Government, and Politics
- Political Geography:
- Kenya and Africa
2088. Governing the Global Economy: Strengthening Multilateral Institutions
- Author:
- Ngaire Woods
- Publication Date:
- 07-2008
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- International Peace Institute
- Abstract:
- The good news in the global economy is that the past two decades have seen globalization proceed apace with unprecedented economic growth in several parts of the world. To date, sound economic policy has made hyperinflation a rarity. Rising commodity prices are fueling growth in sub-Saharan Africa. Formerly poor countries are emerging as major players in the world economy.
- Topic:
- Economics, Globalization, International Organization, International Political Economy, and Peace Studies
- Political Geography:
- Africa and Bangkok
2089. Eastern Africa: Security and the Legacy of Fragility
- Author:
- Gilbert M. Khadiagala
- Publication Date:
- 10-2008
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- International Peace Institute
- Abstract:
- “Eastern Africa” denotes the geographical area comprising the seven member states of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD): Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, and Uganda. Tanzania is also included because it has had long historical and political interactions with Kenya and Uganda within the rubric of the East African Cooperation (EAC). The main challenges to human security in this region have originated from political and state fragility, resource scarcities, and environmental degradation. All these factors have contributed to a regional context that is characterized by intrastate conflicts, interstate wars, and political extremism. Raging civil wars and interstate conflicts have, in turn, produced forms of statelessness and marginality that have deepened societal insecurities and strained human livelihoods. Consequently, in addition to profound political instability and economic destitution, human security is arrayed against escalating communal violence, small arms proliferation, and massive movements of people within and beyond the region.
- Topic:
- Development, Environment, and Poverty
- Political Geography:
- Uganda, Kenya, Africa, Sudan, Ethiopia, and East Africa
2090. Southern Africa: Threats and Capabilities
- Author:
- Gavin Cawthra
- Publication Date:
- 11-2008
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- International Peace Institute
- Abstract:
- The southern African region is now generally defined in political terms as those countries that are members of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) (the geographic definition is usually somewhat more limited). Currently there are fifteen member states of the SADC: Angola, Botswana, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, the Seychelles, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
- Topic:
- Development, Peace Studies, and Poverty
- Political Geography:
- Africa, South Africa, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, and Swaziland