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42. Côte d'Ivoire : les impératifs de sortie de crise
- Publication Date:
- 07-2009
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- International Crisis Group
- Abstract:
- Le 4 mars 2007, les deux principaux protagonistes de la crise ivoirienne signaient l'accord politique de Ouagadougou (APO). Ce compromis a, dans un pre-mier temps, apporté un environnement de paix en Côte d'Ivoire. La ligne de démarcation entre les deux pro-tagonistes a été démantelée. Un nouveau gouvernement a été formé et les bases ont été jetées pour apporter une réponse aux deux questions-clés du conflit : l'identité et la citoyenneté ivoiriennes et la légitimité du pouvoir. Mais, plus de deux ans après son adoption, l'APO va mal. Une sortie de crise sera possible uniquement si les engagements pris dans la capitale burkinabé sont enfin suivis d'effets. Sortir la Côte d'Ivoire de sa décen-nie de crise ne nécessitera pas seulement l'organisation d'élections crédibles mais impliquera également des progrès significatifs dans le processus de désarmement ainsi qu'une véritable réunification de l'administration. Ceci demandera la remobilisation de la facilitation burkinabé et une pression accrue des partenaires inter-nationaux sur les acteurs du conflit.
- Topic:
- Conflict Resolution, Political Violence, Democratization, Peace Studies, and Post Colonialism
- Political Geography:
- Africa
43. Walk with Us and Listen: Political Reconciliation in Africa
- Author:
- Charles Villa-Vicencio
- Publication Date:
- 09-2009
- Content Type:
- Book
- Abstract:
- No abstract is available.
- Topic:
- Political Economy, Politics, and Post Colonialism
- Political Geography:
- Africa
44. Toward Resolving Chad's Interlocking Conflicts
- Author:
- Kelly Campbell and Sarah Bessell
- Publication Date:
- 12-2008
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- United States Institute of Peace
- Abstract:
- The fragility of the Chadian government, as well as the fragmentation among Chadian civil society, political parties, and rebel movements, poses significant challenges that Chadian civil society, regional governments, African institutions and the international community must address with a coordinated strategy.
- Topic:
- International Relations, Political Violence, Civil Society, Post Colonialism, and Poverty
- Political Geography:
- Africa
45. Kenya and Zimbabwe: Democratic Challenges and Opportunities
- Author:
- Briggs Bomba
- Publication Date:
- 01-2008
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Africa Policy Information Center
- Abstract:
- The world's attention has been riveted in 2008, by election crises in Africa, first Kenya, and now Zimbabwe. In both cases, challenges remain in converting electoral victory to political power. Can a victorious opposition come to power in the face of an obstinate incumbent? This question is particularly relevant when the incumbent regime controls the coercive apparatus of the state and the opposition only has the ballot in its corner. In the battle of the ballot vs. the bullet, can there ever be a fair match?
- Topic:
- Civil Society, Democratization, Political Economy, and Post Colonialism
- Political Geography:
- Kenya, Africa, and Zimbabwe
46. Somalia: To Move Beyond the Failed State
- Publication Date:
- 12-2008
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- International Crisis Group
- Abstract:
- Since 1991 Somalia has been the archetypal failed state. Several attempts to create a transitional set-up have failed, and the current one is on the brink of col-lapse, overtaken yet again by an Islamist insurgency, despite the support of an Ethiopian military intervention since December 2006. Over the last two years the situation has deteriorated into one of the world's worst humanitarian and security crises. The international community is preoccupied with a symptom – the piracy phenomenon – instead of concentrating on the core of the crisis, the need for a political settlement. The announced Ethiopian withdrawal, if it occurs, will open up a new period of uncertainty and risk. It could also provide a window of opportunity to relaunch a credible political process, however, if additional parties can be persuaded to join the Djibouti reconciliation talks, and local and international actors – including the U.S. and Ethiopia – accept that room must be found for much of the Islamist insurgency in that process and ultimately in a new government dispensation.
- Topic:
- Government, Islam, Post Colonialism, and Sovereignty
- Political Geography:
- Africa, United States, Ethiopia, and Somalia
47. For a Safer Tomorrow: Protecting civilians in a multipolar world
- Publication Date:
- 09-2008
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Oxfam Publishing
- Abstract:
- One night in March 2007, soldiers arrived in the village of Buramba in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). By the time they left at least 15 people were dead. 'At 5.30 in the morning', one survivor said, 'I saw the soldiers coming to our house...They kicked down the door, and killed eight people inside. Only my four grandchildren survived. [They] continued firing in the village. I fled into the bush. I returned three days later to see the bodies of my children and my mother. The bodies were in latrines; I could see the feet of my mother sticking out.'
- Topic:
- Political Violence, Human Rights, Post Colonialism, Terrorism, and War
- Political Geography:
- Africa and Democratic Republic of the Congo
48. Sierra Leone a Year After Elections: Still in the Balance
- Author:
- Tom Cargill
- Publication Date:
- 09-2008
- Content Type:
- Policy Brief
- Institution:
- Chatham House
- Abstract:
- The UN mission that led Sierra Leone out of bloody civil war in 2002 ends on 30 September 2008. Despite significant advances, and landmark elections last year that saw the opposition win power, the country remains amongst the poorest in the world. It is vulnerable to crime, corruption, and the growing power of South American drugs cartels. The UK has been Sierra Leone's major donor since its military intervention in 2000 - the last successful military intervention before the Iraq war. However, slow progress and uncertain prospects for the country mean that the UK is keen to broaden the responsibility for supporting Sierra Leone. There are good signs that the government of Sierra Leone is serious about reform. But if it is to cement stability and growth, it will need to find new international partners, continue its reform efforts, and deter drug-traffickers from establishing themselves in the country. Most importantly, it will need to show greater leadership, confidence and direction to both voters and donors to ensure that widespread goodwill is not eroded by uncertainty and drift.
- Topic:
- Political Violence, Democratization, Post Colonialism, Poverty, and United Nations
- Political Geography:
- Africa
49. L'invention de l'aide française au développement. Discours, instruments et pratiques d'une dynamique hégémonique
- Author:
- Julien Meimon
- Publication Date:
- 04-2007
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Internationales (CERI)
- Abstract:
- In the turbulent international context of the late 1950s, the French 5th Republic and its leaders orchestrated the end of the colonial system, i.e. all of its emblematic institutions: the French “Overseas” ministry and minister, the administrative corps of colonial functionaries and standard recruitment path (the École nationale de la France d'outremer ) disappeared, setting the stage for a new, fairly complex system labeled “ Coopération.” The ministry of the same name was to play a major role up until the end of the 20th century. This new system, which came about as a result of the breakup of the colonial empire, is closely related to the issue of development aid and relies essentially on civil servants having received their training in the colonial institutions and seeking for redeployment. This study analyzes the paradox of a “new policy” embodied by officials infused with a colonial culture, focusing on their reconversion in terms of deeds and discourse. This will point up one of the initial weaknesses of France's African policy and one of the reasons that it has slowly crumble.
- Topic:
- Development and Post Colonialism
- Political Geography:
- Africa, Europe, and France
50. L'invention de l'aide française au développement Discours, instruments et pratiques d'une dynamique hégémonique
- Author:
- Julien Meimon
- Publication Date:
- 09-2007
- Content Type:
- Working Paper
- Institution:
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Internationales (CERI)
- Abstract:
- Dans le contexte international mouvementé de la fin des années 1950, la Ve République et ses dirigeants mettent en scène la fin du système colonial, c'est-à-dire de l'ensemble de ses institutions emblématiques : ministre et ministère de la « France d'outre-mer », corps administratifs de fonctionnaires coloniaux, et filière de recrutement (École nationale de la France d'outre-mer) disparaissent au profit d'un nouveau dispositif relativement complexe labellisé « coopération », et dont le ministère éponyme jouera un rôle important jusqu'à la fin du XXe siècle. La naissance de ce nouveau dispositif, résultant de l'éclatement de l'empire colonial, est largement associée à la problématique de l'aide au développement, et repose essentiellement sur des agents formés par les institutions coloniales, en quête de reconversion. C'est ce paradoxe d'une « nouvelle politique » incarnée par des agents imprégnés d'une culture coloniale que nous analyserons ici, en centrant notre regard sur ses modalités pratiques et discursives. On y décèlera l'une des faiblesses initiales de la politique africaine de la France, et l'une des raisons de son effritement progressif jusqu'à aujourd'hui.
- Topic:
- Post Colonialism
- Political Geography:
- Africa, Europe, and France