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81. Pro-poor Growth through Export Sector Support: What Works Where and Why

Author:
Peter Gibbon and Henrik Nielsen
Publication Date:
12-2011
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS)
Abstract:
This report reviews international experiences with pro-poor development assistance to export sectors. Such support has become more common in the last decade and a half, following the emergence of widespread consensus amongst policymakers that export growth can be a key poverty reduction mechanism – since it should increase both national income and formal employment. This contributes to poverty reduction directly through increased employment and indirectly through creating additional resources for governments to pursue pro-poor policies. Nevertheless, policymakers normally also agree that some types of export growth are more (potentially) pro-poor than others, especially but not only in their employment effects. It is initiatives to respond to this challenge that will be treated in this report.
Topic:
Economics, Gender Issues, Poverty, and Labor Issues
Political Geography:
Africa

82. "Let us Rebuild our Country" Migration-development scenarios in Ghana

Author:
Nauja Kleist
Publication Date:
12-2011
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS)
Abstract:
In recent years, there has been a reconfiguration of the relationship between states and international migrants. From an overall perception of migration as a problem to be solved, a number of international development agencies, policy makers, and academics are taking the position that migration contributes to national development – if well managed. This aspiration indicates the (re-)discovery of non-resident citizens or former citizens as populations to be governed by their states of origin. The implications of this aspiration are examined in this working paper, focusing on migration-development scenarios in Ghana. The paper is inspired by anthropological and critical development studies on statecraft and public policy, approaching migration-development scenarios as a cultural and political object of study. Using the theatrical metaphor of scenario, it analyzes actually implemented policies as well as policy visions and debates, focusing on the underlying narratives and imaginaries of how migration and development are interlinked and can be governed.
Topic:
Development, Government, Migration, Sovereignty, and Labor Issues
Political Geography:
Africa and Ghana

83. Do Public Transfers Discourage Farmer Participation in Subsistence Crop Production? Empirical Evidence from Botswana

Author:
Khaufelo R. Lekobane and Tebogo B. Seleka
Publication Date:
08-2011
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Botswana Institute for Development Policy Analysis
Abstract:
We analyze the impact of public food and cash transfers on farmer participation in Botswana’s subsistence arable agriculture. The results indicate that publicly provided social pensions and food packages (rations) reduce the probability of participation in subsistence crop farming. Engagement in paid off-farm employment, which is sometimes facilitated through a public works programme (PWP), also discourages farmer participation in the subsistence economy. Therefore, public food and cash transfers and the PWP yield work disincentive effects in Botswana’s subsistence agriculture. This is because transfers are usually consistent and regular in Botswana, impacting on household behaviour. The design of social protection policies should therefore consider such potential disincentive effects on the agricultural sector.
Topic:
Agriculture, Poverty, Labor Issues, Farming, Safety Net, Cash Transfers, and Dependency
Political Geography:
Africa and Botswana

84. Full Issue

Author:
Mojúbàolú Olufúnké Okome, Bertrade Ngo Ngijol-Banoum, Abdul Karim Bangura, Yínká Dánsàlámì, and Ramón Grosfoguel
Publication Date:
01-2011
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Ìrìnkèrindò: A Journal of African Migration
Institution:
Ìrìnkèrindò: a Journal of African Migration
Abstract:
CONTENTS Editorial Dimensions of African Migration to the United States: Labor, Brain Drain, Identity Formation and Naturalization — Mojúbàolú Olúfúnké Okome and Bertrade Ngo Ngijol-Banoum ... 1 Articles African Immigration and Naturalization in the United States from 1960 to 2002: A Quantitative Determination of the Morris or the Takougang Hypothesis — Abdul Karim Bangura .. 27 The Pass to the United States of America — Yínká Dánsàlámì .................................................. 36 Puerto Rican Labor Migration To the United States: Modes of Incorporation, Coloniality, and Identities. — Ramón Grosfoguel .................................................................................... 43 Skill, Professionalism, Self-Esteem and Immigration: The Case of Nigerian Physical Therapists — Adétóyèje Oyěyemí..................................................................................................... 69 African Development and the Immigration of Its Intelligentsia: An Overview — E. Ike Udogu 94 Africans to America: The Unfolding of Identity — Mary Ann Watson .................................... 118
Topic:
Development, Migration, History, Labor Issues, Immigration, Brain Drain, Identity, and Skills
Political Geography:
Africa, United States of America, and Puerto Rico

85. Child Budget Initiatives in Latin America

Author:
Alberto Minujin, Louise Moreira Daniels, and Javier Curcio
Publication Date:
01-2010
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
The New School Graduate Program in International Affairs
Abstract:
Children in Latin American (LA) countries were among the most vulnerable groups that suffered from the adjustment policies promoted by the “Washington Consensus” in the 1980s and 1990s. In that context, several organizations started initiatives to ensure and promote resources allocated by public budgets to children and women. This paper describes and analyzes the characteristics and main activities of such initiatives in a dozen LA countries, with in-depth analysis provided for three countries: Argentina, Brazil and Ecuador. A number of lessons are enumerated, which can serve as orientation for other regions, in particular for Africa.
Topic:
Development and Labor Issues
Political Geography:
Africa, Washington, Brazil, Argentina, Latin America, and Ecuador

86. To Formalize or Not to Formalize? Comparisons of Microenterprise Data from Southern and East Africa

Author:
Vijaya Ramachandran, Manju Kedia Shah, Alan Gelb, and Taye Mengistae
Publication Date:
07-2009
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Center for Global Development (CGD)
Abstract:
Why do firms choose to locate in the informal sector? Researchers often argue that the high cost of regulation prevents informal firms from becoming formal and productive. Our results point to a more nuanced story.
Topic:
Development, Economics, Markets, and Labor Issues
Political Geography:
Africa

87. Full Issue

Author:
Mojúbàolú Olufúnké Okome, Bertrade Ngo Ngijol-Banoum, Adémólá Àráoyè, Ramón Grosfoguel, and Charles Adéyanjú
Publication Date:
12-2003
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Ìrìnkèrindò: A Journal of African Migration
Institution:
Ìrìnkèrindò: a Journal of African Migration
Abstract:
CONTENTS Editorial Africans on the Move: Transnational, Intranational, and Metaphorical Migrations — Mojúbàolú Olúfúnké Okome and Bertrade Ngo-Ngijol Banoum ......................................................... 1 Articles The Train to Ìdògò — Adémólá Àráoyè ...................................................................................... 28 "Cultural Racism" and Colonial Caribbean Migrants in Core Zones of the Capitalist WorldEconomy — Ramón Grosfoguel ...................................................................................... 34 Hegemony and Transnational Practices of Nigerian-Yorùbás in Toronto — Charles Adéyanjú ............................................................................................................ 62 Amy Ashwood Garvey and Afro-West Indian Labor in the United States Emergency Farm and War Industries' Programs of World War II, 1943-1945 — Fitzroy Andre Baptiste ....... 94 Displacement as Discourse — Saadia Izzeldin Malik ............................................................... 132 Absent Father(s), Garvey's Scattered Children & the Back to Africa Movement — Jalani A. Niaah ............................................................................................................................. 158 Contemporary African Immigrants to The United States — Joseph Takougang ..................... 187
Topic:
Migration, History, Labor Issues, Immigration, Culture, Social Movement, Capitalism, Economy, and Racism
Political Geography:
Africa