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21. Article 36 reviews: Dealing with the challenges posed by emerging technologies

Author:
Dr Vincent Boulanin and Maaike Verbruggen
Publication Date:
12-2017
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Abstract:
Article 36 of the 1977 Additional Protocol to the 1949 Geneva Conventions imposes a practical obligation on states to determine whether ‘in the study, development, acquisition or adoption of a new weapon, means or method of warfare’ its use would ‘in some or all circumstances be prohibited by international law’. This mechanism is often colloquially referred to as an ‘Article 36 review’.
Topic:
International Relations
Political Geography:
Global Focus

22. Central Mali: violence, local perspectives and diverging narratives

Author:
Aurélien Tobie
Publication Date:
12-2017
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Abstract:
Initially, the 2012 crisis affecting Mali was understood to be primarily focused on the northern regions of the country, as were the previous rebellions that had been errupting at regular intervals since independence. However, the dramatic increase since 2015 in violence targeting security forces, elected or traditional officials, market places and schools in Mopti, the central region of Mali, has shifted attention
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

23. Export controls, human security and cyber-surveillance technology: Examining the proposed changes to the EU Dual-use Regulation

Author:
Mark Bromley
Publication Date:
12-2017
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Abstract:
This paper seeks to inform discussion European Commission’s proposed ‘recast’ of the EU Dual-use Regulation—the main regulatory instrument for EU member states’ controls on the trade in dual-use items. The proposal, which is currently being examined by the European Parliament and Council of the European Union, is part of a review of the Regulation which was launched in 2011
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

24. IGOs and global climate security challenges: Implications for academic research and policymaking

Author:
Lisa Marie Dellmuth
Publication Date:
12-2017
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Abstract:
Climate change poses a new class of security challenges that is confronting societies worldwide. Increased risk of famine, destroyed infrastructure, houses and shelter, and violent conflicts might all be consequences of climate change through gradual changes to ecosystems and extreme weather events. As a way to mitigate these challenges, states have delegated increased power to intergovernmental organizations (IGOs). This Fact Sheet summarizes the key findings of the first systematic review of research on IGOs and climate security, and the implications of existing studies for the theory and practice of global climate security governance.
Topic:
International Relations
Political Geography:
Global Focus

25. National Climate-Related Security Policies of the Permanent Member States of the United Nations Security Council

Author:
Jiayi Zhou
Publication Date:
11-2017
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Abstract:
Over the past decade, climate change has become increasingly embedded within global security discourse, but whether it should be formally considered as a matter for the international peace and security agenda remains contested. Moreover, while the adverse effects of climate change on natural, societal and governance systems clearly amounts to a threat that is transnational in scope, the international response remains dependent on positions taken at a national level. The United Nations Security Council represents a key forum and lens into this debate, within which national governments’ positions on climate security continue to diverge
Topic:
Climate Change and International Organization
Political Geography:
Global Focus

26. Security and economy on the Belt and Road: Three country case studies

Author:
Henrik Hallgren and Richard Ghiasy
Publication Date:
12-2017
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Abstract:
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is the result of a convergence of multiple Chinese domestic drivers and external developments. It holds significant potential to contribute to greater connectivity and stability in participating states, yet there is a need to include a wider spectrum of local and international stakeholders in order to address concerns and mitigate backlashes.
Topic:
International Affairs
Political Geography:
Global Focus

27. SIPRI compendium on Article 36 reviews

Author:
Dr Vincent Boulanin and Maaike Verbruggen
Publication Date:
12-2017
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Abstract:
Article 36 of the 1977 Additional Protocol I to the 1949 Geneva Conventions imposes a practical obligation on states to review the legality of all new weapons, means or methods of warfare before they are used in an armed conflict. To encourage more widespread compliance with the obligation of Article 36 and support confidence building in the area of legal reviews, SIPRI has developed a compendium of existing national Article 36 review procedures. The compendium describes how the review process is conducted in the following countries: Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States.
Topic:
International Security
Political Geography:
Global Focus