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31. Sensitive to Conflict?: Development Cooperation and Peacebuilding in the Palestinian Context

Author:
Neda Noraie-Kia
Publication Date:
12-2014
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Institute for Development and Peace
Abstract:
Development organisations face numerous challenges in the context of violent conflict. Development cooperation has to be sensitive to conflict in order to be effective and do no harm. PCIA as developed by Kenneth Bush is one approach among others to ensure conflict sensitivity for development and peacebuilding efforts. This working paper applies Bush’s concept of PCIA to the Palestinian case in order to analyse benefits, limitations and potential improvements of his approach. His specific method will be discussed critically based on a literature review and expert interviews conducted with practitioners from the most relevant state and multilateral development agencies. Considering the specific challenges in the Palestinian context this study aims to contribute to the debate on conflict sensitive development cooperation. The analysis of the Palestinian case eventually should help to identify gaps and potential fields for future research.
Topic:
Security, Development, Conflict, Borders, Peace, and Territory
Political Geography:
Middle East, Israel, and Palestine

32. Green Transformation towards Sustainable Development?

Author:
Lisa-Marie Althaus
Publication Date:
05-2013
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Institute for Development and Peace
Abstract:
Both the concept of sustainable development (SD) and the new green transformation concepts (GTC) aim for the integration of environmental protection and development. Previous comparative research on these GTC is not based on theoretically founded crite- ria that are related to the established development paradigm of SD. The study closes this research gap by providing a conceptual comparison of different GTC versions as pub- lished by UNEP, the OECD, and the German Advisory Council on Global Change (WBGU). The analysis reveals that GTC concepts are indeed based on central goals and principles of SD. Unlike the concept of SD, the GTC acknowledges planetary boundaries as limits to growth. However, the more economy-focused concepts of UNEP and the OECD do not only disregard important social goals but also concerns of intergenerational equity and the globality principle of SD. In contrast, the WBGU focuses on civil society participation and both intra- and intergenerational equity by aiming for decisive institu- tional changes. It is shown that this GTC partly extends beyond the scope of SD and thus could mark an important step with regard to the further development of the concept.
Topic:
Civil Society, Climate Change, Development, Economics, Green Technology, and Sustainability
Political Geography:
Global Focus

33. India's Aspirations in Global Politics

Author:
Herbert Wulf
Publication Date:
01-2013
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Institute for Development and Peace
Abstract:
India is an emerging power and its influence as well as the government’s aspirations in global politics has steadily been growing in recent years. The economy has experienced impressive growth but India’s political, social and economic development has neither been coherent nor smooth and millions of Indians still suffer from inequalities and poverty. The study looks at recent developments in India’s global aspirations, at the history of India’s foreign policy—with its shifts and changes—and at the ideological foundations of these different foreign affairs notions, namely idealism, realism and geopolitics, Hindu nationalism and the now predominant liberalisation and internationalisation concepts. In this report, the debate in India is reconstructed against the background of existing international relations theories. India has a great, but still largely untapped soft power potential and the capacity of integrating tradition and modernity, resulting in the creation of resilient institutions, a functioning federalism and an interesting amorphous character of the society with an aptitude for vagueness and improvisation to make things work. The report arrives at the conclusion that the Indian government is trying to play a greater role in global rule-making but does not want to change these rules fundamentally; it rather wants to enhance its status within the existing nation state oriented global governance system.
Topic:
Governance, Hegemony, State Building, and Emerging Powers
Political Geography:
India and Asia

34. A (Mis)alignment of Governance Structure

Author:
Marie-Luise Mubenbrock
Publication Date:
01-2013
Content Type:
Special Report
Institution:
Institute for Development and Peace
Abstract:
Improving the quality of water services is vital in many developing countries. In order to ad- dress the issue, many of them launched a series of reforms of which a major element was the involvement of the private sector. However, private sector participation (PSP) did not prove to be a general panacea. In some cases it has led to improved water service quality, such as in- creased access and reduced water losses. In other cases it has resulted in deteriorated perfor- mance, including high tariffs and potentially negative impacts on health and the environment. The question is under which circumstances PSP can positively or negatively impact on the pro- vision of water services. This INEF Report analyses the varying performance of the two water concessions in Metro Manila through the lens of the theory of Transaction Cost Economics (TCE). It shows that a misalignment of governance structures (organisational constructs) ac- cording to the level of transaction costs leads to worse water service provision.
Topic:
Environment, Water, Governance, Political structure, Social Services, and Public Service
Political Geography:
Philippines and Asia-Pacific

35. Transnationale Migrantengruppen und der Transport von Konflikten. Das Beispiel Türken und Kurden in Berlin

Author:
Jan Hanrath
Publication Date:
12-2012
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Institute for Development and Peace
Abstract:
Along with processes of globalization and transnational migration conflicts that were formerly confined to a certain territory have seemingly become dispersed and delocalized. In a number of Western cities tensions and conflicts between different migrant groups occurred that appear to reflect conflict constellations in their respective countries of origin. Approaches to the study of the occurrence of conflicts between ethnic groups in the host countries usually focus on either exogenous or endogenous factors. While the former hold that conflicts are rather imported and therefore a continuation of the core conflict in the country of origin, the latter locate the main reasons for conflict in the country of settlement. Analyzing conflicts between Turks and Kurds in Berlin, the INEF Report at hand shows that these two streams of argumentation are comple-mentary rather than contradicting. Furthermore it illustrates that the conflicts between migrant groups in the places of settlement are not a mere reproduction and continuation of the core conflicts but gain a new quality.
Topic:
Conflict Resolution, Ethnic Conflict, Globalization, and Migration
Political Geography:
Berlin

36. Assessing Human Insecurity Worldwide. The Way to a Human (In)Security Index

Author:
Sascha Werthes, Corinne Heaven, and Sven Vollnhals
Publication Date:
01-2011
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Institute for Development and Peace
Abstract:
The idea of human security has been presented and discussed in international academic and political fora for more than a decade. Yet, despite its popularity, the analytical usefulness as well as the political appropriateness of the concept is frequently criticized. In arguing for and presenting a Human (In)Security Index we address both aspects.
Topic:
Security, Development, Human Rights, and Political Theory
Political Geography:
United Nations

37. Strategische Grundprobleme externer politischer und militärischer Intervention

Author:
Jochen Hippler
Publication Date:
06-2011
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Institute for Development and Peace
Abstract:
Western foreign policy is increasingly attempting to influence and reform the internal political situation and societies in target countries (for example to achieve democratization or economic reform), instead of restricting itself to inter-governmental exchange. The record of success in this regard is hardly encouraging. Does Western foreign policy have the necessary strategies and instruments to achieve these goals? This paper will analyze the mix of foreign policy interests involved, the development of strategy, and its instruments. It then focuses on the necessary preconditions for success in the target countries, both in society and the political system. In a next step the paper analyses the problems and limits of a policy of external reform by Western governments. Finally it offers a series of short policy recommendations.
Topic:
International Relations, Foreign Policy, Democratization, Development, Economics, Humanitarian Aid, International Security, and Foreign Aid

38. Development Cooperation after War and Violent Conflict: Debates and Challenges

Author:
Sabine Kurtenbach and Matthias Seifert
Publication Date:
01-2010
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Institute for Development and Peace
Abstract:
The report asks for the determining factors and specific challenges of development cooperation after war and violent conflict. Based on an extensive review of current literature, the report identifies six issue areas relevant to development cooperation. Furthermore, relevant actors and policies of select donors are analyzed. The report concludes that many links between the different issue areas in post-conflict/post-war situations have not been analyzed thoroughly enough and thus recommends further research.
Topic:
Conflict Resolution, Development, War, and Foreign Aid

39. Ten Years of Women, Peace and Security: Gaps and Challenges in Implementing Resolution 1325

Author:
Nils Goede and Swen Dornig
Publication Date:
07-2010
Content Type:
Policy Brief
Institution:
Institute for Development and Peace
Abstract:
On 26 October 2010, the UN Security Council (SC) marked the 10th anniversary of Security Council resolution (SCR) 1325. With the adoption of SCR 1325, the SC recognised the disproportionate impact of armed conflicts on women and girls for the first time and further emphasized the decisive role of women in preventing conflicts and consolidating peace. At the time of its adoption, SCR 1325 was recognized as a major breakthrough for greater gender equality in the area of peace and security and the acceptance of women as active agents in conflict management. Three further SCRs – 1820, 1888 and 1889 – now strengthen the women, peace and security (WPS) framework.
Topic:
Conflict Prevention, Security, Gender Issues, and War
Political Geography:
United Nations

40. The Developmental State in Africa: Problems and Prospects

Author:
Peter Meyns (ed) and Charity Musamba (ed)
Publication Date:
01-2010
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Institute for Development and Peace
Abstract:
Against the background of successful developmental experiences in East Asia this report discusses the relevance of the developmental state concept to conditions in Africa. In her contribution Charity Musamba reviews the main theoretical literature on the developmental state and identifies four key features which have informed successful implementation in East Asian countries. With regard to Africa, she challenges the “impossibility theorem” and supports African analysts who defend the need for a democratic developmental state in Africa. Peter Meyns analyzes the development path of an African country, Botswana, which – not withstanding certain weaknesses– can be seen as an example of a successful developmental state in the African context.
Topic:
Democratization and Development
Political Geography:
Africa and Asia