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9871. Mirrors And Smoke

Author:
Stephen R. Graubard
Publication Date:
09-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Foreign Affairs
Institution:
Council on Foreign Relations
Abstract:
Condoleezza Rice ("The New American Realism," July/August 2008) evokes a certain sympathy but also substantial disappointment with her account of the accomplishments of the Bush administration over the last eight years. Her argument is undeniably poignant, especially for its hyperbole and obfuscation. It is embarrassing that she should offer so self-serving an account of the pretended achievements of the Bush administration, given that its foreign policy disasters are well known.
Political Geography:
America

9872. American Oligarchs

Author:
Katrina vanden Heuvel
Publication Date:
09-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Foreign Affairs
Institution:
Council on Foreign Relations
Abstract:
Replying to Padma Desai's letter ("Putin's Russia," May/June 2008), Michael McFaul and Kathryn Stoner-Weiss assert that, like the Yeltsin-era media bosses, the United States' "oligarchs . . . own" many media outlets, including The Nation. In reality, The Nation -- the United States' oldest continuously published weekly -- has operated at a loss during all but a few of its 143 years and has been kept alive by its subscribers, advertisers, and many loyal supporters. Moreover, The Nation's equally long-standing antioligarchic positions are known to virtually everyone familiar with the American press.
Political Geography:
Russia, United States, and America

9873. Front Matter

Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Institution:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Abstract:
No abstract is available.

9874. Editors' Note

Author:
Aditya C. Deshmukh and Alfia A. Sadekova
Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Institution:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Abstract:
If man is what he eats, then there is no question that the human race today stands on the verge of radical change as our global food systems begin to confront a struggle against the most significant agro-issues of the day, some of which could not have been anticipated only a few decades ago. It is a veritable global “food fight,” and the future of global policy concerns on agriculture, trade, security, and poverty depends heavily on the outcome of this struggle.

9875. Introduction

Author:
Marc J. Cohen
Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Institution:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Abstract:
Opprobrium. Daniel Webster asserted that “farmers are…the founders of civilization,” but his contemporary, Karl Marx, wrote of “the idiocy of rural life.”

9876. The Softest Subsidy: Agricultural Subsidy Cuts, New Biotechnologies, Developing Countries, and Cotton

Author:
Kym Anderson and Ernesto Valenzuela
Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Institution:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Abstract:
When the World Trade Organization (WTO) was created from the existing General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) on 1 January 1995 and the Uruguay Round Agreements were implemented, developing countries initially looked forward to greater access to rich-country markets through reduced agricultural subsidies and lowered trade barriers. The commitments made in the Uruguay Round delivered little reform during the six-year implementation period, but hopes were buoyed by the launch of the WTO's Doha Development Round (DDA) in 2001.
Political Geography:
Uruguay

9877. Food, Feed, or Fuel? Examining Linkages Between Biofuels and Agricultural Market Economies

Author:
Siwa Msangi and Mandy Ewing
Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Institution:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Abstract:
As global energy resources become increasingly scarce in the face of growing energy demand for transport fuel and other productive uses, many countries have begun to turn to the possibilities that biofuels from renewable resources could offer to supplement their domestic energy portfolio. While much of the recent literature has focused on the growth of biofuels in the developed world—mostly in ethanol, a substitute for gasoline made from sugar- or starch-based crops, and biodiesel, a substitute for diesel made from oil-based crops—developing nations have expressed growing interest in biofuel production as well. Although Brazil and the United States currently represent nearly 90 percent of ethanol production, and the European Union represents 90 percent of biodiesel production, China and India are expected to capture a growing share of production in these biofuels categories in the coming decades.
Political Geography:
United States, China, India, and Brazil

9878. Agricultural Trade and Climate Change: Can the WTO Promote Resilience in the Face of Uncertainty?

Author:
Lee Ann Jackson
Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Institution:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Abstract:
The focus of the climate change debate has recently shifted away from simple cost-benefit analysis toward identifying the efforts that must be made to ensure that the least advantaged members of society do not face disproportionate costs. Recent economic models have concluded that a country's capacity to adjust to these physical changes will determine ultimate economic impacts, and thus developing countries that are less resilient and flexible may suffer disproportionately. The uncertainty surrounding the issue and the ability of developing countries to adjust to potential shifts on agricultural production have important consequences for global trade and, by extension, for the multilateral debates within the World Trade Organization (WTO).

9879. The Local Organic Food Paradigm

Author:
Alex A. Avery and Dennis T. Avery
Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Institution:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Abstract:
Over the next fifty years, human society and plant science will face the greatest conservation and humanitarian challenge in history: provide the means and the resources to support 9 billion members of the world population without imposing severe infringements on the environment and the climate. Yet, today, farmers are often told they should produce this abundance organically and locally, with half the system yields per acre of conventional farming, and despite the limitations of regional climate, soils, institutions, and infrastructure. Farmers are asked to grow energy crops that add massive and unnecessary burdens to farmland and other natural resources. Together, these are impossible demands based on a touching faith in the past successes of plant science. As in all things human, hard choices must now be made. We cannot produce meaningful amounts of biofuels and still have a relatively lowcost food supply. We cannot have a food supply that is abundant and cheap on the one hand and organic on the other. Moreover, we cannot have a predominantly local food system while simultaneously maintaining meaningful food security.

9880. Averting Catastrophe in the Middle East

Author:
Susan Braden
Publication Date:
01-2008
Content Type:
Journal Article
Journal:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Institution:
Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
Abstract:
There are three seemingly independent forces brewing in the Middle East today whose confluence, if mismanaged, could have devastating consequences for the people in the region and U.S. security interests. They are the failure of the U.S. military invasion of Iraq to stabilize the country, the breakdown of the Israeli-Palestinian peace process and growing fissures between Palestinians in West Bank and Gaza, and the mushrooming of radical groups across the region that claim to have links to al-Qaeda.
Political Geography:
Middle East, Israel, Palestine, and Gaza