Author: Sergio Carrera / Topic: International Law

Author:: Sergio Carrera, Elspeth Guild, and Nicholas Hernanz
Publication Date:: 11-2013
Content Type:: Policy Brief
Institution:: Centre for European Policy Studies
Abstract:: The European Union, and its Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ), is founded on a set of common principles of rule of law, democracy and human rights. This has been officially enshrined in the body of Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) which lists "respect for human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law and respect for human rights, including the rights of persons belonging to minorities" as the shared values on which the Union is rooted. One of the current modalities of action to ensure that all member states of the EU respect Article 2 TEU is to filter their compliance with these values before they accede to the Union. The so-called 'Copenhagen criteria' have been established in 1993 to ensure that all new EU member states are in line with the Union's common principles before crossing the bridge towards membership.
Topic:: Democratization, Human Rights, International Law, and Regional Cooperation
Political Geography:: Europe

Author:: Sergio Carrera
Publication Date:: 06-2010
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Centre for European Policy Studies
Abstract:: What should be the future institutional configurations of the second generation of the EU's Integrated Border Management strategy for the common external borders? The Stockholm Programme endorsed by the European Council on December 2009 and the European Commission's action plan implementing it published in April 2010 have brought back to the EU policy agenda the feasibility of setting up a European system of border guards as a long-term policy vision. This Working Document examines the origins of this proposal and aims at thinking ahead by asserting that any future discussion and study in this context should be refocused by initially addressing two central questions: First, what kind of 'border guard' and what kinds of 'border controls' does the EU need in light of the current EU acquis on external border crossings and the Schengen Borders Code? Second, what would be the 'added value' of any new institutional arrangement at the current stage of European integration?
Topic:: International Law and Regional Cooperation
Political Geography:: Europe

Author:: Sergio Carrera, Elspeth Guild, and Anaïs Faure Atger
Publication Date:: 04-2009
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Centre for European Policy Studies
Abstract:: The upcoming Swedish presidency of the EU will be in charge of adopting the next multiannual programme on an Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ), during its tenure in the second half of 2009. As the successor of the 2004 Hague Programme, it has already been informally baptised as the Stockholm Programme and will present the EU's policy roadmap and legislative timetable over these policies for the next five years. It is therefore a critical time to reflect on the achievements and shortcomings affecting the role that the European Commission's Directorate-General of Justice, Freedom and Security (DG JFS) has played during the last five years in light of the degree of policy convergence achieved so far. This Working Document aims at putting forward a set of policy recommendations for the DG JFS to take into consideration as it develops and consolidates its future policy strategies, while duly ensuring the legitimacy and credibility of the EU's AFSJ within and outside Europe.
Topic:: Security, International Law, International Organization, and Regional Cooperation
Political Geography:: Europe

Author:: Sergio Carrera and Joanna Apap
Publication Date:: 12-2003
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Centre for European Policy Studies
Abstract:: This report involves an assessment of the legislative progress achieved towards a proactive immigration policy regarding those described as 'third country nationals' (TCNs) entering into and residing legally in the European Union (EU). We also evaluate the extent to which the attacks of 11 September 2001 in the US had a real impact on the legislative developments and policy agenda in relation to this area.
Topic:: International Law and Migration
Political Geography:: Europe

Author:: Sergio Carrera and Joanna Apap
Publication Date:: 06-2003
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Centre for European Policy Studies
Abstract:: This paper assesses the legislative achievements made so far in the objectives set by the Amsterdam Treaty and the Tampere European Council. It explores why a number of Justice and Home Affairs (JHA) policy areas have experienced a greater degree of development or convergence than others. This is a most sensitive field of study that has been guarded as either an area of national sovereignty, or where sovereignty issues could be at stake. The existence of frictions and strains between member states can be considered as the main cause of differences in development. The way in which these frictions have affected the implementation of policy and how these may be further exacerbated by the forthcoming enlargement are equally analysed.
Topic:: Human Welfare and International Law
Political Geography:: Europe

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