Author: Richard Youngs / Topic: Foreign Policy

Author:: Richard Youngs and Kateryna Pishchikova
Publication Date:: 10-2013
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Abstract:: European support for democracy is at a crucial juncture. Just as the eurozone crisis complicates the European Union's (EU's) efforts to support democratic reform around the world, new forms of political transition are confounding the EU's traditional approach to democracy building. The EU must embrace a wider variety of tactics, models, actors, and strategies, or it risks losing credibility and traction in the field of democracy support.
Topic:: Foreign Policy and Democratization
Political Geography:: Europe

Author:: Richard Youngs and Ana Echague
Publication Date:: 09-2010
Content Type:: Journal Article
Journal:: The International Spectator
Institution:: Istituto Affari Internazionali
Abstract:: European Union policy towards the Middle East and North Africa suffers from geographic fragmentation and an increasing functional imbalance which reflects a growing trend towards securitisation. While policy towards the Mediterranean is highly institutionalised, the Gulf Cooperation Council states receive much less attention and policies towards Iran, Iraq and the occupied Palestinian territories exist in isolation. A narrow focus on an exclusionist approach to security has taken over to the detriment of political and economic concerns. The shortcomings in European foreign policy towards the broader Middle East in terms of lack of breadth and coherence need to be addressed in order to forge a more cohesive and effective policy.
Topic:: Foreign Policy
Political Geography:: Iraq, Europe, Iran, Middle East, and North Africa

Author:: Edward Burke, Ana Echagüe, and Richard Youngs
Publication Date:: 12-2009
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Istituto Affari Internazionali
Abstract:: European foreign policy in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is a highly fragmented construction. Since the mid-1990s the EU's policies with Maghreb and Mashreq countries have been pursued under the rubric of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (EMP), the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) and now the Mediterranean Union. This plethora of highly institutionalised initiatives has been developed with negligible linkage to policy in the rest of the Middle East. Relations with the Gulf Cooperation Council remain low key and strikingly disconnected from the EMP. Contrary to its rhetorical emphasis on supporting regional integration around the world, the EU has failed to build its strategy towards Iran and Iraq into a regional security framework. Even more reproachable, given its credibility and influence in the economic sphere has been the EU's inability to foster regional economic integration between the Mediterranean and the Gulf.
Topic:: Foreign Policy, Economics, and Bilateral Relations
Political Geography:: Europe, Middle East, Arabia, and North Africa

Author:: Richard Youngs
Publication Date:: 10-2007
Content Type:: Working Paper
Institution:: Centre for European Policy Studies
Abstract:: The EU has increasingly committed itself to fusing security and development. Developmental approaches to security are routinely seen as integral to the EU's distinctive foreign policy identity. This paper finds, however, that much work remains to be done to implement this commitment. Few in the EU would doubt that development and security go hand in hand, but differences abound over what this implies for the allocation of finite resources and the nature of diplomatic engagements.
Topic:: Foreign Policy and Regional Cooperation
Political Geography:: Europe

Refine your search