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Begin New Search Topic Productivity Author Amanda Michaud

1. Dynamics of Deterrence: A Macroeconomic Perspective on Punitive Justice Policy

Author:
Bulent Guler and Amanda Michaud
Publication Date:
09-2018
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Centre for Human Capital and Productivity (CHCP), Western University
Abstract:
We argue that transitional dynamics play a critical role in the evaluation of punitive incarceration reform on crime, inequality and the macroeconomy. Individuals’ past choices related to crime and employment under old policies have persistent consequences that limit their future responses to policy changes. Novel cohort evidence is provided in support of this mechanism. A quantitative model of this theory calibrated using restricted administrative data predicts nuanced, non-monotone dynamics of crime and incarceration similar to the U.S. experience following a single permanent increase in punitive incarceration in the 1980s. Increased inequality and declining employment accompany these changes and are borne unequally across generations.
Topic:
Economics, Law, Human Capital, Macroeconomics, Mass Incarceration, Productivity, and Legal Sector
Political Geography:
United States

2. The Disability Option: Labor Market Dynamics with Macroeconomic and Health Risks

Author:
Amanda Michaud and David Wiczer
Publication Date:
12-2018
Content Type:
Working Paper
Institution:
Centre for Human Capital and Productivity (CHCP), Western University
Abstract:
We evaluate the contribution of changing macroeconomic conditions and demographics to the increase in Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) over recent decades. Within our quantitative framework, multiple sectors differentially expose workers to health and economic risks, both of which affect individuals’ decisions to apply for SSDI. Over the transition, falling wages at the bottom of the distribution increased awards by 27% in the 1980s and 90s and aging demographics rose in importance thereafter. The model also implies two-thirds of the decline in working-age male employment from 1985 to 2013, three-fourths of which eventually goes on SSDI.
Topic:
Economics, Government, Health, Disability, Human Capital, Social Security, Insurance, Productivity, and Health Insurance
Political Geography:
United States